古文英译_文言文英译

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常用成语翻译

比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many;to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst

笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start不眠之夜 white night

不以物喜不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personal loes

不遗余力 spare no effort;go all out;do one’s best不打不成交 No discord, no concord拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul

辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new;ring out the old year and ring in the new

大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound le

serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all

国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace

过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough;beyond is as wrong as falling short;too much is as bad as too little功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits

好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the

gate, while bad news spread far and wide

和气生财 Harmony brings wealth既往不咎 let bygones be bygones金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home

脚踏实地 be down-to-earth脚踩两只船 sit on the fence

君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal;a hedge between keeps friendship green

老生常谈陈词滥调 cut and dried, cliché礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity

留得青山在不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hop

e

马到成功 achieve immediate victory;win instant succes

s名利双收 gain in both fame and wealth茅塞顿开 be suddenly enlightened

没有规矩不成方圆 Nothing can be accomplished without

norms or standards

谋事在人成事在天 The planning lies with man, the outc

oewith Heaven.Man proposes, God disposes

弄巧成拙 be too smart by half;Cunning outwits itself

奥巴马访华引用的古诗文如何

翻译？

奥巴马到中国来了。他访华会引用哪句中国古诗文？昨天中午就有了答案：奥巴马在上海的Town Hall演讲中引用了一句Chinese proverb：Consider the past you shall know the future，显然这是《论语》中的名句―温故而知新‖。

美国多位总统都曾引用过的中国古诗文。那么这些古诗文又该如何

翻译呢？

1972年2月21日，在周恩来总理参加的晚宴上，美国前总统尼克松在祝酒辞中引用了毛泽东主席的诗词：

Chairman has written: So many deeds cry out to be done, and always urgently;the world rolls on, time prees.Ten thousand years are too long;seize the day, seize the hour！

中方翻译冀朝铸胸有成竹地翻译出：―多少事，从来急；天地转，光阴迫。一万年太久，只争朝夕！‖(《满江红·和郭沫若同志》)尼克松接着借题发挥：This is the hour.This is the day for our two people(现在就是我们两国人民只争朝夕的时候了)，赢得了满堂彩。

卡特总统在卸任后，于1981年8月24日到北京访问。当时北京正值盛夏，卡特一下飞机便在―中国通‖ 的指导下念了两句中国古诗：―今世褦襶子，触热到人家‖。当时没有互联网，碰上这种难题只能打电话给文学研究所询问这两句―唐诗‖的出处。结果已经是下午，所里没有几个人，也帮不上外交部的忙。无奈之中，电话转到文学所主办的《文学遗产》编辑部，当时在场的编辑王学泰先生很有学问，感觉不太像唐诗，翻开《全汉三国晋南北朝诗》，很快找到此诗是晋人程晓所作《嘲热客》：―平生三伏时，道路无行车。闭门避暑卧，出入不相过。今世褦襶子，触热到人家。主人闻客来，颦蹙奈此何。摇扇髀中疾，流汗正滂沱。传戒诸高明，热行宜见诃‖。答案揭晓，外交部人士读了全诗拍案叫绝，尤其是―主人闻客来，颦蹙奈此何‖这两句，很符合卡特的身份，已经不担任总统了，还来麻烦主人，很不好意思啊。

演员出身的里根总统上台以后的第四年来到北京，在国家主席举行的欢迎晚宴上，里根在祝酒辞中说：Many centuries ago, Wang Po, a famous Chinese poet-philosopher, wrote, “Although we reside in far corners of the world, having a good friend is akin to having a good neighbor.”(在许多世纪之前，一位名叫王勃的中国哲学家和诗人写过：―海内存知己、天涯若比邻‖)。美国国务院的中国通又为里根在第二天中国总理晚宴上的祝酒辞中加了一句加大互信力度的话：… let us be of the same mind.And as a saying from “The Book of Changes” goes, “If two people are of the same mind, their sharpne can cut through metal.”(让我们同心同德，正如《易经》中所说的那样―二人同心，其利断金‖。)顺便说一句，在22年后法国总统希拉克访华，在北大演讲时也引用了 ―二人同心，其利断金‖，却说是孔夫子的格言，证明法国的中国通比美国的中国通差了好几个档次。

老布什总统1989年春访华，在欢迎晚宴上两度展示他作为前任驻华联络处主任的功底。在祝酒辞的一开始，老布什就说：There's a Chinese proverb that says: “One generation plants a tree;the next sits in its shade.”(有句中国谚语这样说：前人栽树，后人乘凉)，由此称赞中国人正在栽种改革之树，而且这一代人已经开始收获果实。随后，老布什提到他和芭芭拉在中国旅行的难忘经历，特别是杜甫的老家四川。老布什提到乘船经过三峡的经历时说：… where we relished the history of the Three Kingdoms and could almost hear the poet Li Bo's description of “the monkeys who screamed from the two sides without stopping.”(我们想起了三国故事，几乎听到了诗人李白―两岸猿声啼不住‖的描述)。

1998年克林顿总统克服了拉链门的心理阴影访问中国，直奔文化古城西安。在仿古迎宾入城仪式上克林顿的讲话也带有厚重的历史感：

Let us give new meaning to the words written in the ancient Book of Rites, what you call the Li Shi: When the great way is followed, all under heaven will be equal(让我们给《礼记》这本历史古书的文字赋予新的意义：当大家走伟大的道路时，世界所有的人都将是平等的)。

克林顿所说的―当大家走伟大的道路时，世界所有的人都将是平等的‖是《礼记》的《礼运》篇第一句话―大道之行也，天下为公‖。两天后，在北京的国宴上，克林顿在祝酒辞中宣称―我们在以不同的方式坚决维护着孟子的思想‖，他所引述的孟子语录是这样一句话： A good citizen in one community will befriend the other citizens of the community;good citizens of the world will befriend of the other citizens of the world(―一乡之善士斯友一乡之善士，天下之善士斯友天下之善士‖)。孟子这段话出自《孟子·万章下》，也就是说，伟大的美国人民和美国领导人很愿意和伟大的中国人民和中国领导人交朋友。这样的话从美国总统口中说出来，当然让中国人十分受用。

小布什文采不高，口齿不清，但是也咬文嚼字地引用过中国古诗词。2005年11月在访问中国之前，他在日本京都发表了关于民主与自由的重头演讲。在演讲的最后，他说Thousands of years before Thomas Jefferson or Abraham Lincoln, a Chinese poet wrote that, “the people should be cherished, the people are the root of a country；the root firm, the country is tranquil.”(在托马斯·杰斐逊或亚伯拉罕·林肯诞生的几千年前，就有一位中国诗人写道：―人民应该被珍视，人民是国家的根基。根基牢固，国家就安宁)。这句话出自《尚书·夏书》中的―五子之歌‖，原文是―民可近，不可下。民惟邦本，本固邦宁‖。

可见，美国历届总统在访华期间引用中国古诗文已经成了不成文的惯例。其实奥巴马在访华之前已经引用过，在不久前举行的首轮中美战略与经济对话开幕式上，美国总统奥巴马在致辞中引用了孟子语录。奥巴马这段讲话的英语原文是：“Thousands of years ago, the great philosopher Mencius said：'A trail through the

mountains, if used, becomes a path in a short time, but, if unused, becomes blocked by gra in an equally short time.’”(山径之蹊间，介然用之而成路；为间不用，则茅塞之矣。今茅塞子之心矣 —《孟子·尽心下》)。

除诗文外，肯尼迪在1959年4月竞选总统期间，还在一次演讲中提到了一个中文词汇给他的启示：

When written in Chinese, the word “crisis” is composed of two characters.One represents danger and the other represents opportunity.在中文里crisis这个词是由两个字组成，一个是―危(险)‖，另一个是―机‖(会)。

Life in the fast laneReader question:

What does ―life in the fast lane‖ mean, as in this sentence: Living life in the fast lane doesn’t mean you have to live solely on fast food.My comments:

It means you’re leading a life at such a breathtaking – or breakneck – tempo that you often don’t have the time to even cook yourself a proper meal, making do instead with instant noodles, hamburgers and similar such.―Fast lane‖ refers to the innermost lane on the expreway, the lane in which you speed up your vehicle to overtake others.Fast lane, so-called because it is the fastest among several lanes in the same direction.Some drivers in Beijing, you must have observed, stay in the fast lane all the time.That’s illegal, by the way but that’s not of our concern here.Here we’re concerned with the fact that driving in the fast lane all the time might be dangerous, because the pace is so fast and driver so furious, or drunk, as the case may be, that accidents often ensue.Now imagine life in the fast lane all day, all week, all year round....Anyways, ―life in the fast lane‖ refers to the lifestyle of career people in the big city, especially succeful people or at least ones who strive for succe, whatever that is.These people have so much to accomplish profeionally that they often do so at the expense of seemingly unimportant things, such as regular meals, sufficient sleep and time with families.―Life in the fast lane‖ involves non-stop meetings, working overtime, many busine trips out of town.Or BUSY-ne in general.Some aspiring youngsters, in fact, are so busy with work that they say they don’t have the time to date and get married.Ah, well.If you look at ―life in the fast lane‖ as a disease, then he who leads such a life has some of the following symptoms: stomach problems(from poor eating habits), red eyes(from staring at the computer screen), insomnia, stre and depreion.And that’s not the saddest part.The saddest part is most people who lead a so-called life in the fast lane don’t really have the disease, just the symptoms.I mean, they don’t have a lot of succe and the trappings that come with it, huge pay checks for instance, paid holiday trips to the Caribbean, girls galore and constant media attention, such as the attention Tiger Woods is attracting now.Nope.They don’t have any of these.All they have is the unpleasant symptoms, the red eyes, hunched backs and so forth.So, what to do?

Take the good with the bad or quit the life in the fast lane altogether.Quit, that is, before it’s too late.2009年TEM8 英译汉 的一个

句子的翻译

We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergencythough not all-of its consequences, if we act boldly, decisively and quickly.However, despite a growing number of honorable exceptions, too many of the world's leaders are still best described in the words Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitler's threat: “They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, adamant for drift, solid for fluidity, all powerful to be impotent.”

今天在翻译课的公选课堂上, 讲英语长句的翻译时，将紫色的这个句子作为例子讨论。这是2009年TEM8 英译汉的考题，是历年来最难的一次，而这个句子尤其难。

我的译文：但是，不容乐观的是除了一批令人尊敬的人士，尽管这一群体的人数正与日俱增，大部分的世界领导人仍然没有真正意识到这一危机的严重性。我们仍然可以用丘吉尔批评那些忽略了阿道夫希特勒威胁的欧洲诸政要的话来形容这些人：（采用了分译法，忠实，流畅。断句断得好，语言朴素，主要陈述情况，感情内捻。）学生的课堂译文：

但是，除了一些“众人皆醉我独醒”的令人尊敬的例外人士，太多的世界领导人对此却无动于衷。（很有创意耶！断句断得好，四字成语用得好，更有感情和价值批判）