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河北大学工商学院2010级本科生英国文学论文

Hesitation and Procrastination-the Arch Criminal of Hamlet’s Tragedy

BiYoukun

English major

2010491141

Cla one

Industrial and Commercial college, Hebei University

December 26th, 2012

Contents

Chapter OneIntroduction................3 Chapter TwoThe severe calamity has great effect on him.32.1 His identity makes him like the flower of the greenhouse..3

2.2 Distrust on the general public……………………………..4

Chapter ThreeTwo different thoughts’ sharp collision…....4

Chapter FourThe burden is too heavy............5

Chapter FiveConclusion............6

Bibliography...............6

Chapter One

Introduction

Hamlet, the first one of the four great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare's most popular and most representative work.It has perfectly conveyed the humanism spirit in that unstable era, which makes it proce the strong spirit of the times and profound significance of society.According to the work itself, that’s a miserable tragedy in the end.About the reasons, we can not deny that the evil force which Hamlet has to fight against is too strong, but the hesitation in Hamlet’s personal character and procrastinate in his action are the arch criminal of his tragedy.Chapter Two

The severe calamity has great effect on him

2.1 His identity makes him like the flower of the greenhouse Hamlet lived his smooth and comfortable life through his early life, he was a prince who only knew playing and laughing.He was pure and knowledgeable, and all the things in his eyes were beautiful.What have been reflected from him were justice and royal respect, goodne and sterling affection.While, as all the things seemed perfect, sudden misfortune fell down upon this young prince.His dear father died, his mother remarried and he even didn’t know who his true enemy was.He was helple and decadent and he didn’t know what to do next immediately, he felt hopele about all the things in the world, and he became the “gloomy prince” in a flick overnight.After a long time’s lose of himself, he realized the truth of father’s death, mother’s remarry and thorn’s usurpation.Then, he made up his mind to stand up to take revenge, as he cried in the work“My fate is crying, and each fine blood veels of my body becomes hard like the bone of the angry lion.” His words have greatly shown out his strong desire of revenge.On the other hand, Hamlet again showed out extremely unreadable hesitation and misgiving which were decided by his personal identity and living condition on humanity and whether it is right to believe the ghost

or not.We must accept the fact that he was an innocent prince before, everything around him was nice and fine, he could not accept the cruelty fact.”

2.2 Distrust on the general public

"This is a topsy-turvy chaotic era, poor I have to take the responsibility of reforming the whole heaven and earth.” Though he had regarded the confrontation with Claudius as “the responsibility of reforming the whole heaven”, and that implied that he needed the whole people’s support.But the severe calamity left to him great suspicion which made him unwilling to trust on others anymore.So he chose to fought against Claudius alone in stead of relying on the people.But in the crowd’s eyes, Hamlet was well received as the lovely prince.As we all knew, this was a fighting with quite a competitor, the strength gap was too big, and it was hard to win.If Hamlet relied on the general public and fought with them together, the fighting road could not be that tough and different, and there maybe a happy ending.His timid and overcautious characters make him hesitate, and that also make his tragedy happen.Chapter Three

Two different thoughts’ sharp collision

The concept of humanism began to rise , and the theological status was declining at that era.People had a more and more correct understanding of the value of human.The respect for people, respect for life and the pursuit of value had universal significance.On the other hand, the feudal and backward ideas were still stubborn, and the shackles on people’s thoughts and behavior had not disappeared yet.As a feudal prince, though Hamlet had taken in some new ideas, the limited backward ideas had been bounded him all the time.The contradiction in Hamlet’s hesitation actually is the sharp collision of the two different thoughts.At the beginning, when the ghost told him everything and he knew who his enemy is, he blamed himself: “I am really a fool, my dear father is murdered, even the ghost is spurring me to take revenge, but the only thing I have is grumbling in empty

words ……” While not long after that he began to turn to self-criticism: “If what I see is the incarnation of the evil monster, he appears in a beautiful figure just to lead me to the depravity ……”He had several chances to kill Claudius, but every time he let it go because of this kind of thoughts.When Hamlet came acro Claudius praying for himself, the thought of revengepaed through his mind again.But he turned to the thinking of chance value soon.As what has been mentioned in the third scene: “Now I just begin, he is praying.I do it now, and he will die, and I will avenge for my dear dad , but this need to be calculated.A scoundrel killed my father, as the only son of him, I send the killer to the heaven.” So the revenge became a thought fighting first.On one side, it was the great pain of his father’s death and the ghost’s urge pre, on the other hand was the serious thinking of life value and the inherent somber character.Hamlet paced up and down the two flounderingly.That makes Hamlet’ action tardive, and finally leads to the tragedy of himself.Chapter Four

The burden is too heavy

Humanism psychologist Maslow’s “hierarchy of needs theory ” holds a thought that people's basic need from low to high can be divided into physiological needs, security needs, belonging needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs.The higher the level is, the more involve others and society, and the longer dynamic properties are needed.Hamlet's revenge not only stays in a relatively low level of security needs and esteem needs, but at the highest level of need-reforming the universe.In this way, his revenge was not only as easy as killing a man, but closely connected with the society.Hamlet wanted to reshape a good man image through revenge, and to set up a humanist model to the world through it, so he connected his revenge action with building a harmonious country.That made him think over again and again, and made his action delay and the tragedy of him.Chapter Five

Conclusion

Though Hamlet perishes together with Claudius in the end , and the hesitation and procrastination of him lead to the tragedy.But on the other hand, Hamlet’s hesitation also shows out the lofty of him and the critical force of the work.His tragedy ending puts people to the deep thinking, and inspires us to pursue the nice humanity and makes us realize the cruelty and dark of the real society.Bibliography:

参考文献：

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[4]《新编外国文学》，高等教育出版社，2000年版