INTRODUCTION OF IORT_introduction浠嬬粛

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医药英译中

1.INTRODUCTION

Most of the major advances in clinical applications of radiation therapy in the treatment of cancer have been because of differences in dose distribution between tumor and normal tiue.For most tumor types, the likelihood of achieving local tumor control improves if increasing irradiation doses can be delivered to the tumor ma.However, in many clinical situations, the dose that can be delivered safely to the tumor volume is limited by the normal tiues that are in close proximity to the tumor.Intraoperative irradiation(IORT)in its broadest sense refers to the delivery of irradiation at the time of an operation.This text will discu the rationale for and results of both intraoperative electrons(IOERT)and intraoperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy(HDRIORT)when used in conjunction with surgical exploration and resection with or without external-beam irradiation(EBRT)and chemotherapy.Both IORT methods evolved with similar philosophies as an attempt to achieve higher effective doses of irradiation while dose-limiting structures are surgically displaced.After current results and future poibilities are presented for major disease sites, the discuion will center on the future of IORT, including applications and evolution in delivery systems.1.简介

因肿瘤和正常组织的剂量分布不同，在临床应用中，癌症的放射治疗已取得重大进展。对大多数肿块而言，如果肿块的放射给药剂量不断增加，那么实现局部肿块控制的可能性就会提高。然而，从众多临床表现中不难发现，给药安全剂量是受其周边正常组织限制的。

“手术中放射治疗（IORT）”广义上是指，在手术过程中进行放射治疗。本文将论述“术中电子束放射治疗（IOERT）”和“术中高剂量率短距离治疗（HDRIORT）”的基本原理，以及二者同手术探查及切除术（有或没有外照射放疗（EBRT）和化学疗法）共同作用的结果。这两种“手术中放射治疗（IORT）”方法在获得更大的有效放射剂量的过程中，以相似的规律逐步形成。与此同时，限制剂量的结构如外科手术般移除了。基于重大疾病的现有结果及将来可能出现的众多状况，探讨将以“手术中放射治疗（IORT）”的未来为中心，包括给药系统的应用及演变。