英语口语复习之两会资料_大一英语口语复习资料

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（一）“两会”简介

“两会”是“全国人民代表大会”（the National People's Congre，NPC）和“中国人民政治协商会议”（the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference，CPPCC）的简称。官方媒体一般把“两会”译为two seions。

每年3月份“两会”先后召开全体会议一次，每5年称为一届（term）。例：中国人民政治协商会议第十二届全国委员会第二次会议（the second seion of the 12th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference / CPPCC）

国家大事和每个公民休戚相关。草根族（the gra roots）也能通过互联网等方式参与两会（to participate indirectly），发表自己的看法（voice their opinions），提出建议（raise suggestions）。与会的代表和委员们更是有备而来（well prepared / have done their homework well）。他们都带着提案（proposals或motions，但不同于西方议会议员提的bill，bill是法律用语，指要付诸表决通过的议案）。

两会的“议程”是agenda，主要指第一天做什么，第二天做什么等程序安排，即procedures或schedules。要提到会上讨论的问题是iues brought to the agenda / to be discued，其中的“热点”是hot iues（注意不能译为hot spot，因为hot spot主要指“不稳定的地方”）。

（二）英语新闻:2015年两会民众最关注的10大问题

Air pollution, corruption and the wealth gap are the three iuesof most concern to readers ahead of the annual parliamentaryseions of China, dubbed as “two seions”, according to anonline survey by the China Daily website.中国日报网一项网络调查显示，在一年一度的“两会”召开之际，读者最关注的三大问题分别为：大气污染、腐败问题以及贫富差距。

The iue of pollution has grown in importance for people since last year's survey which thenshowed the top three iues as being the cost of living, the environment and employment.与去年相比，污染问题对于人们的重要程度有所提高。去年的调查显示读者最关注的三大问题为：生活成本、环境和就业。

This year is crucial for the deepening of reforms, with attention being focused on how the “twoseions” will handle the ongoing development of the country and further improve people'slivelihood.今年是深化改革的关键一年，人们在关注“两会”如何应对国家当前的发展并进一步改善人民生活。

The survey was posted on the China Daily website and its mobile phone apps as well as the SinaWeibo and WeChat platforms with 3,886 readers responding, 60 percent of whom were fromcountries other than China.该项调查发布在中国日报网、手机客户端、新浪微博及微信平台上，3886名用户参与了调查，其中60%的人非本国人士。

The majority of respondents said air pollution is the most urgent iue needing to be addreedand they expect the “two seions” to put forward practical measures to tackle the problem.大多数调查对象表示，大气污染是当务之急，需予以解决，他们期待“两会”能提出一些切实可行的措施来解决该问题。

“I'm looking forward to a brighter sky in Beijing and other major cities acro the nation.Toughermeasures should be taken to curb pollution from industry.Now we have no choice but to rely onthe wind to blow away pollutants and bring fresh air,” one reader said.“我期待在北京及国内其他大城市看到一片更蔚蓝的天空。政府需采取强硬措施来控制工业污染。目前我们别无选择，只能靠风把污染物吹走，带来新鲜空气。”一名读者如是说。

The anti-graft drive, income distribution, cost of living and fair education were the other topconcerns for respondents.“I strongly support the current anti-corruption drive.I hope PresidentXi can maintain this policy for the duration of his term in office,” another reader said.反腐运动、收入分配、生活成本及教育公平也受到了较多关注。“我强烈支持当前的反腐运动。我希望习主席在任期间能坚持执行这一措施。”另一名读者说道。

Top 10 iues of most concern, according to the online survey conducted by China Dailywebsite:

根据中国日报网的网络调查，以下为民众最关注的10大问题：

1.Air pollution 大气污染

2.Anti-corruption 反腐问题

3.Income distribution 收入分配

4.Cost of living 生活成本

5.Education reform 教育改革

6.Medical reform 医疗改革

7.Housing 住房问题

8.Rule of law 依法治国

9.Employment 就业问题

10.Social security 社会保障

（三）2015两会代表精彩语录

“It's a must to avoid corruption in building up Tongzhou district, the subcenter of the capital.Many construction projects are ready to be launched and need financing.We must pay attention to the buildings' quality and prevent graft.I don't want our officials to fall down as construction is finished.” “通州城市副中心的建设要注意防止腐败。通州进行城市副中心建设，必然要启动很多项目，拆迁、融资的任务也很重。要注重建筑质量，严防腐败。千万不要„楼起来了，人倒下了‟。” Wang Anshun, deputy of Beijing People's Congre and mayor of Beijing 北京市人大代表、市长王安顺（1月27日参加北京市第十四届人民代表大会第三次会议通州区的分组审议。）

“Beijing will set a cap for the population and then allocate basic urban resources, such like gas and electricity.The water, land and other natural resources cannot support an infinite number of people.Experts will conduct research to find the upper limit of population for the capital.We need to reduce population growth immediately.” “北京会设一个常住人口规模的上限值，要按照这个人口规模来配给城市基础设施、水电气热、路网等。北京到底能够容纳多少人，水资源、土地、生态资源能够支撑多少人在这里相对宜居的生活，不能是一个无穷的数，所以让各方面专家测算出北京人口增长的上限值。现在开始就要把人口的增速降下来。”

Chen Gang, deputy of Beijing People's Congre and vice-mayor of Beijing 北京市人大代表、副市长陈刚（1月23日参加丰台团分组讨论）

“She said what many of us want to say, and questioned whatwe want to question.” “她说了我们很多人想说的话，想问的问题。”

Li Suhua, a member of the CPPCC.――全国政协委员、女高音歌唱演员李素华谈环保纪录片《穹顶之下》

“After watching the documentary, I realize it was important to explain the science.Chai put in thetime researching the components of PM2.5, and how they affect people's cerebrovascular,cardiovascular, lungs and stomach.It's good that the documentary has aroused great publicattention, but we should also notice the special development phase that China is in, and the greatefforts the country has made in tackling smog.”

“看了这部片子，我觉得片中用科学的态度说话很重要。到底PM2.5的组成成分是什么，对人的脑血管、心血管、肺、胃的损害状况究竟怎样，柴静花了一些时间做调查。这个片子引起舆论关注是一件好事，同时也要看到中国所处的特殊发展阶段以及政府在治理雾霾方面做出的巨大努力。”

Lyu Xinhua, spokesman for the CPPCC seion ――全国政协新闻发言人吕新华

Media should not only entertain the public but also undertakethe responsibility of cultivating the public's aestheticconsciousne.Media should not just pursue audience ratings,or just turn arts into entertainment.“媒体不应该仅仅是娱乐大众，还应该承担起培养大众美学意识的责任。媒体不应只追求收视率，或者把艺术转变为娱乐节目。”

Tian Qing, researcher at the Chinese National Academy of Arts 田青，全国政协委员、中国艺术研究院研究员

I am glad to see that female officials and profeionals can retire at a later age, and that they canstill choose to retire at 55 if they want, according to a new regulation.Female profeionals havegathered rich experiences by the time they are about 50 years old, and at that time their childrenhave grown up, so they would have more time to devote to work.“值得高兴的是，不仅女干部、女技术人员延迟退休的政策实施了，而且《通知》还没有„一刀切‟，如果由本人申请，可以在年满55周岁时自愿退休。以高级女技术人员为例，她们在50岁左右不仅积累了很丰富的经验，小孩也长大了，可以发挥很大的优势。” Zhang Lihui, dean of the Conservatory of Music at Chongqing Normal University 张礼慧，全国政协委员、重庆师范大学音乐学院院长

The entertainment community should condemn any performer who uses drugs.A number offamous actors and singers were found to have taken drugs last year, and such behavior has a badeffect on them and the entertainment community.Entertainers should behave themselves asthey are public figures.“娱乐界应该谴责所有吸毒者。去年，一些知名演员和歌手被发现吸毒，这种行为对他们自己和娱乐界都造成了很坏的影响。作为公众人物，娱乐圈人士应该自我约束。” Yin Li, director at China Film Group Corporation 尹力，全国政协委员、中国电影集团公司一级导演

I will never send my 9-year-old son abroad for education, because China has the best elementaryeducation.Chinese children are getting solid science knowledge and other skills in our schools.Ihave read all of my son's textbooks.They are very well organized and very interesting.Schools inWestern countries advocate that children should learn freely or through play, but it turns out thattheir children don't learn much.Chinese educators should have confidence.But some times, thepreure of taking exams and doing homework is a little too much for Chinese children.This is whatwe are going to change.“我绝不会把9岁儿子送出国读书。中国基础教育底子扎实，内容丰富科学，学生在学校也能学到其他技能。我读过儿子所有的课本，非常有条理，也很有趣。西方提倡“放羊式”教育，但最终学生学不到多少。中国教育者应该有信心。但有时学生的考试和作业负担比较重，因此要给学生减负。”

Xu Jiuping, head of the Busine School of Sichuan University 徐玖平，全国政协委员、四川大学工商管理学院院长

（四）英语新词:2015两会不可不知的热词

The plenary seions of the National People's Congre(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People' s PoliticalConsultative Conference(CPPCC), popularly known as the “twoseions”, are kicking off this week.What will be the big talkingpoints? We have compiled a list of 26 hot topics, in accordancewith the 26 letters in the English alphabet.被称作“两会”的全国人民代表大会（NPC）与中国人民政治协商会议（CPPCC）本周拉开大幕。今年的两会有哪些看点？我们以26个英文字母为索引，为你梳理26个两会热点话题。

A|Anti-corruption 重拳反腐

The Chinese government has adopted a zero-tolerance approach in fighting corruption since the18th National Congre of the Communist Party of China(CPC)in November 2012.In 2015,China's top anti-graft watchdog said it will net more “tigers” and “flies”and combat graft in State-owned enterprises(SOEs).Buthow to build a long-term mechanism to supervise the exercise of official power requireuggestions from NPC deputies and CPPCC members.2012年11月的中共十八大以来，中国政府对待反腐采取“零容忍”的态度。2015年，中国反腐监察机构表示将继续“打虎拍蝇”，并开辟国企反腐的战场。但是，如何建立权力监督的长期机制，仍需两会代表献策建言。

B|Breakup of Monopolies 破除垄断

Although China has eased market acce in many industries and started SOE reforms in a bid tomobilize private investment and break monopolies, there is still a lot to do to achieve faircompetition.Experts believe the private sector will reap more fruit this year.尽管中国已经放宽许多行业的市场准入门槛并开始国企改革，以调动私人投资，破除垄断，但如何实现社会资源平等竞争还大有空间。专家预计，今年民营经济在这方面将有更多收获。

C|Check of Power 简政放权

In the past two years, China's central government has prioritized the task of cutting red tape anddelegating power to lower-level governments.Altogether, 798 administrative approval items havebeen canceled or delegated to local governments.The move has curbed corruption and stimulatedentrepreneurship.More progre can be expected in the area.过去两年，中央政府简政放权成为改革重头戏，国务院累计取消和下放798项行政审批事项，有力地防止了腐败，激发了创业激情。这方面还会更有新进展。

D|Democracy 中国式民主

In February, the CPC Central Committee published a document proposing to promote“consultative democracy”.Consultative democracyhelps Chinese people take part in the country's governance and makes sure thatdiverse voices can be heard and consensus can be reached.The two seions are perfectexamples of China exerting consultative democracy and offer a window for people to observe andunderstand China's democracy.2月，中共中央印发《关于加强社会主义协商民主建设的意见》，将协商民主定义为“在中国共产党领导下，人民内部各方面围绕重大问题，在决策之前和决策实施之中开展广泛协商，努力形成共识的重要民主形式。”而“两会”正是“协商民主”的绝佳体现，这为关注并试图理解中国式民主的人们提供了视角。

E|Engines 经济引擎

In early 2015, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang put forward a fresh concept at Davos-“Two engines”: “To transform the traditional engine of growth by focusing on increasing the supply of publicgoods and services” and “To foster a new engine of growth by encouraging maentrepreneurship and innovation.” In 2015, China is sure to take steps to fuel the “two engines” sothat the economy can maintain a medium-to-high speed of growth and achieve a medium-to-highlevel of development.李克强总理在瑞士达沃斯年会上发表演讲时首次提出“双引擎”概念：一方面要改造升级传统引擎，扩大公共产品和公共服务的供给；另一方面要培育打造新引擎，推动大众创业、万众创新。2015年中国将采取措施为“双引擎”加油，使其释放能量助推中国经济保持“双中高”——实现中高速增长、迈向中高端水平。

F|“Four Comprehensives” “四个全面”

CPC mouthpiece the People's Daily has carried a series of editorials prior to the annual legislativeseion, expounding the concept of the “Four Comprehensives”, first raised by Xi Jinping inDecember.The concept includes comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society,deepening reform, advancing the rule of law and strictly governing the Party.The concept,drawing widespread attention from home and abroad, is expected to be the main theme of thelegislative seion.两会前，《人民日报》发表系列评论，阐述习近平去年12月首次提出的“四个全面”——“全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面推进依法治国、全面从严治党”。这个新提法受到了海内外的广泛关注，被认为将成两会“主旋律”。

G|GDP 经济增长

At the opening meeting of the NPC seion on Thursday, Li Keqiang will reveal this year's GDPtarget when delivering the government work report.It is the subject of much anticipation at homeand abroad.Most Chinese provinces lowered their GDP targets for 2015 at previous local legislativeseions.3月5日的人大会议开幕会上，李克强总理在《政府工作报告》中将披露今年GDP增长预期目标，这是一个海内外普遍关注的悬念。在此前召开的地方两会上，绝大多数省份都下调了2015年GDP增长目标。

H|Hong Kong 香港

2014 was an eventful year for Hong Kong.The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect programkicked off trading.Guangdong and Hong Kong liberalized their service trade, and the Guangdongfree trade zone(FTZ)was approved.Meanwhile, the illegal “occupy” protest movement negativelyimpacted Hong Kong's development and reform to its political system.Differences of opinionbetween people from the mainland and Hong Kong have surged.2014年对香港特别行政区来说喜忧交加：“沪港通”开锣、粤港基本实现服务贸易自由化、广东自贸区获批；与此同时，长达两个多月的“占中”非法集会也对香港的发展与政制改革带来不良影响，两地人员交流往来也出现了一些摩擦。

I|Innovation 创新

Innovation is an engine to China's development, and reform an ignitor to the engine.As theeconomy enters a “new normal”, and growth slows, China's economy will rely more on innovationto drive its growth.创新是中国发展的新引擎，而改革是必不可少的点火器。在经济步入新常态、增速明显放缓的大趋势下，中国经济更加需要依靠创新驱动。

J|Jobs 就业＆创业

The number of jobs forecast to be created this year will be revealed at the annual legislativeseion.In the past two years, despite an economic slowdown, the number of newly-created jobshas increased steadily.China is promoting employment through encouraging busine start-ups,cutting red tape and delegating power to lower-level governments.今年中国决心创造多少新就业岗位，将在两会中披露。近两年，在经济增速放缓的同时，新增就业人数却稳步上升。中国正在用激励创业、简政放权的办法推动就业。

K|Key Policies 关键政策

China's fiscal and monetary policies in 2015 under the circumstances of slowed economic growthare the key focus of the two seions.在经济增速放缓的情况下，中国如何制定2015年的财政政策与货币政策，将成为两会的重

中之重。

L|Law 法治

2015 has been defined by the Chinese leadership as “the first year of comprehensively promotingthe rule of law”.The two seions are expected to addre legal and judicial aspects in detail: forexample, a bill to amend the Legislation Law.2015年是中国全面推进依法治国的开局之年。两会将具体细化依法治国各项任务，如审议立法法修正案草案。

M|Military 国防军事

China's military expenditure will definitely become one of the most discued topics during the twoseions in Western and domestic media.The question China faces is how to build and manage astronger army in new conditions.两会将披露一个海内外极其关注的数据：中国的军费。新形势下中国如何治军强军成为关注焦点。

N|New Normal 新常态

“New normal” is a buzz word in 2014 and it will be the first appearance of the word at the twoseions since it became a guideline for Chinese leaders in economic policy-making.“新常态”名列2014年度中国十大新词语榜首，并已经成为领导人制订经济政策的依据。今年两会，是“新常态”一词成为政策话语后的第一次两会。

O|Opening up 开放

China became a net foreign investor for the first time in 2014.However, foreign capital still plays avital role in the Chinese economy, especially in improving the quality and efficiency of growth andin driving innovation.In 2015, China will further open up its service sector, guided by experiencedistilled from the Shanghai Free Trade Zone.2014年，中国第一次成为对外净投资国。但是，外资对中国经济仍然必不可少，特别体现在经济提质增效和创新驱动发展等方面。2015年，中国将继续扩大多个领域对外开放，同时推广上海自贸区经验。

P|Pollution 污染问题

“We will resolutely declare war against pollution as we declared war against poverty,” said Premier LiKeqiang at the parliamentary seions last year.A poll has showed that pollution control andenvironmental protection remains one of the biggest areas of public concern ahead of the twoseions.“我们要像对贫困宣战一样，坚决向污染宣战。”去年两会上李克强总理的这句话掷地有声。网调显示，污染问题和环境治理是今年两会前最受公众关注的话题之一。

Q|Quality 质量

China will not pursue statistical growth single-mindedly, but try to strike a balance where industrialtransformation and upgrading and a rational growth rate can all be achieved.The country isembarking on a development path characterized by efficiency, quality, sustainability andsteadine.中国表示将不再简单追求增长速度，而将在转型升级与保持合理增长区间内找到一个黄金平衡点，追求有效率、高质量、可持续、更稳健有力的发展。

R|Reform 改革

This year has been defined by the top leadership as a crucial period for deepening reform.In whichfields will these reforms take place? The government work report will give the answer.用领导人的话说，以全面深化改革为特征的中国新改革今年进入了关键之年。改革将在哪些领域落笔？《政府工作报告》将给出答案。

S|Silk Road 丝绸之路

It is widely expected that more tangible achievements will be made in the “Belt and Road”networks.At their local legislative seions, 31 Chinese provinces, cities and autonomous regionaid they would actively participate in or support the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt and21st Century Maritime Silk Road.各方普遍预测2015年将成为“一带一路”（丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路）做深做实的一年。多个省市区在地方两会上表示将积极参与或服务于“一带一路”。

T|Tibet 西藏

2015 marks the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Tibet Autonomous Region.The Chinesecentral government's policies on governing Tibet will attract attention from reporters home andabroad.2015年是西藏自治区成立50周年。中央治藏政策将是海内外记者们关注的话题。

U|United States 中美关系

Xi Jinping is scheduled to pay a State visit to the United States in September.Last year, China andthe United States reached consensus in aspects including visa arrangements, trade and militarytrust.The two sides also released the landmark China-U.S.Joint Announcement on ClimateChange.Reporters will try to get some hints on how China and the United States will rise abovetheir differences.习近平主席将于今年9月应邀对美进行国事访问。去年中美就签证互惠、军事互信、贸易谈判等问题达成多项协议与共识，还发表了具有里程碑意义的《中美气候变化联合声明》。未来两国如何拓展合作、管控分歧，各国记者们很可能借两会场合一探究竟。

V|Values 价值观

Authorities believe that moral and ethical education should run through the reform and opening upand influence ordinary people's lives, with the core socialist values of harmony, integrity andfairne being cultivated.中国正提倡把精神文明建设贯穿改革开放和现代化全过程、渗透社会生活各方面，并大力培育和谐、公正、平等等社会主义核心价值观。

W|World 世界

Given China's fast development and closer ties with other nations, the world cares ever more aboutChinese views and attitudes.Attention will be given to a series of regional

hot-spot iues andworldwide iues at the two seions.随着中国的迅速发展和与世界的联系更加紧密，“中国怎么看”正变得越来越重要。一系列全球和地区热点话题将在两会受到关注。

X|Xi Jinping 习近平

The schedule of the Chinese President Xi Jinping will be closely watched.International and domesticmedia are wondering what he will say when discuing state affairs with national lawmakers andpolitical advisors.国家主席习近平的两会日程引人注目，国内外媒体都关注他与代表委员共商国是时会讲到什么。

Y|Year 承前启后之年

2015 marks the final year of China's 12th Five-Year Plan, and will also usher in the 13th Five-YearPlan towards the end of the year.The two seions comes at a crucial period of time in between.今年是全面完成“十二五”规划的收官之年，中国即将开启“十三五”规划。两会恰逢全面建成小康社会承前启后的关键时间点。

Z|Zone 自贸区

A year and a half after the launch of the pioneering Shanghai FTZ, similar FTZs in Guangdong,Fujian and Tianjin have been approved and may have an official kick-off very soon.Experts saythey are not simple copies of the Shanghai FTZ, but more regionally integrated, targeted, anddifferentiated in their functions.中国首个自由贸易试验区正式于上海挂牌近一年半后，粤闽津三个新设自贸区正式挂牌之日渐近。专家认为新一批自贸区并非对上海自贸区经验的简单复制，而是区域化特征明显、目标指向性更强，走差异化道路。