初中英语单词重要词根_初中英语单词词根

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一.初中重要前缀

1.否定(a;dis;im;in;ir;il;non;un): a-

amoral atypical pneumonia ab-abnormal absent dis-disable dislike im/in/ir/il-immeasurable impartial inadequate inacceible illegal illogical irrational irresistible irrevocable mis— mistake,misunderstand non-nondurable,nonsense un-

unlike, unhappy, unalterable, unworldly unyielding anti-

anti-terrorist antiwar anti-dumping op-

opposite ob-

object counter-counter-strike contra-contradict with-withdraw

2.空间(方位)

上:over—overweight,overlook,super— superman,superstar

up— upstream,upstairs

下:de— decline decide department

sub—subway

under— underline

里:il/im/in/ir inland

inter-Interrupt

intro—introduce

em-embarra

外:ex—/es—

exit,exral

out—

outside

前:fore— before,forehead

pre—/pro—

predict,progre,prefer

后:post— postpone,poster

after— afterwards

转移:transport,transformer

遍及:circum— circumstance

circu—circus

cro—croroads

遥远:tele—

telephone,telegram,telescope,television

在: a—

aboard,asleep

3.时间:

先:ex— ex-husband

fore— foresee

pro— profeor

ante— anteroom,antelope

后:after—afternoon

step— step-father

中间 mid— midday,Mid-Autum’s day

重复

re— rewrite,replay,recycle

4.程度

高:over— overeat

super— superstar

extra— extraordinary

arch— arch-enemy

macro— macrostructure

低: sub—

sub-editor

vice—

vice-president

micro— Microsoft, microwave

mini— minibus,miniskirt

5.数量

一.uni-unit, China Unicom, USA, UN, UK 二.ambi-/ bi-/twi-/di-/bi-

dioxide, bicycle, amphibians, twins, ambaador 三.tri-tricycle,triangle,十.de-,dec-

December, decade 百.cent-, cent, century 千.kilo-kilogram,kilometer 多.multi-pole,multi-media 半.hemi-,semi-

semicircle,hemisphere

二.初中重要词缀 1.名词后缀

(1)具有某种职业或动作的人

1)-an,-ain, 表示“……地方的人,精通……的人”American, historian 2)-al, 表示”具有……职务的人 principal 3)-ant,-ent, 表示“……者” merchant, agent, servant, student, 4)-ar, 表示”……的人” scholar, liar

5)-ary, 表示“从事……的人” secretary, miionary 6)-ant, 表示“具有……职责的人” candidate, graduate

7)-ator, 表示“做……的人” educator, speculator(投机者)8)-ee, 表示“动作承受者” employee, examinee 9)-eer, 表示“从事于……人” engineer, volunteer 10)-er, 表示“从事某种职业的人, 某地区,地方的人” banker, observer, Londoner, villager 11)-ese, 表示“ ……国人,…..地方的人”Japanese, Cantonese 12)-e, 表示”阴性人称名词,actre, hoste, managere 13)-eur, 表示“……家” amateur, littérateur

14)-ian, 表示”……地方人,信仰…….教的人,从事……职业的人”Christian, physician(内科医生),musician 15)-ician, 表示“精通者,……家,”electrician, magician, technician 16)-icist, 表示”……家,…….者, …….能手”physicist, phoneticist, technicist 2)-ic, 表示“……者,……师” mechanic, critic 17)-ine, ian, 表示“阴性人称” heroine, ballerina 18)-ist, 表示“从事……研究者,信仰……主义者” pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist 19)-ive, 表示“动作者,行为者” native, captive 20)-logist, 表示”……学家,研究者“ biologist, geologist(地质学家)21)-or, 表示”……者“ author, doctor, operator, 22)-ster, 表示”做…….事情的人”youngster, gamester(赌徒),songster 23)-yer, 表示“ 从事……职业者” lawyer

(2).构成,具有抽象名词的含义

1)-acy, 表示”性质,状态,境遇“ accuracy, diplomacy 2)-age, 表示”状态,行为,身份及其结果,总称“ courage, storage, marriage

3)-al,a)表示”事物的动作,过程”refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval

b)表示具体的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal 4)-ance,-ence表示“性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度” endurance, importance,diligence, difference, obedience

5)-ancy,-ency, 表示”性质,状态,行为,过程“ frequency, urgency, efficiency, 6)-bility, 表示”动作,性质,状态“ poibility, feasibility, 7)-craft, 表示”工艺,技巧” woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft(治国策)8)-cracy, 表示“统治,支配” bureaucracy, democracy 9)-cy, 表示“性质,状态,职位,级别” bankruptcy(破产),supremacy 10)-dom, 表示“等级,领域,状态” freedom, kingdom, wisdom 11)-ery,-ry, 表示“行为,状态,习性” bravery, bribery, rivalry 12)-ety, 表示“性质,状态” variety, dubiety(怀疑)13)-faction,-facture, 表示”作成,……化,作用“ satisfaction, manufacture 14)-hood, 表示”资格,身份, 年纪,状态“ childhood, manhood, falsehood 15)-ice, 表示”行为,性质,状态“ notice, justice, service 16)-ine, 表示”带有抽象概念“ medicine, discipline, famine 17)-ing, 表示”动作的过程,结果“ building, writing, learning 18)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition, 表示”行为的过程,结果,状况“ action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expreion, correction 19)-ise, 表示”性质,状态” exercise, merchandise(商业)20)-ism, 表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为” socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism 21)-ity, 表示“性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity

22)-ment, 表示”行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument

23)-mony, 表示“动作的结果,状态” ceremony, testimony 24)-ne, 表示“性质,状态,程度” goodne, kindne, tiredne, friendline 25)-or,-our, 表示“动作,性质,状态” favor, error, 26)-osity, 表示“动作,状态” curiosity

27)-ship, 表示”情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” hardship, membership, friendship 28)-th, 表示“动作,性质,过程,状态” depth, wealth, truth, length, growth 29)-tude, 表示“性质,状态,程度” latitude, altitude(海拔)30)-ure, 表示“行为,结果” exposure, preure, failure, procedure(手续),31)-y, 表示“行为的结果,状态,性质” glory, history, victory, inquiry(3)带有场所,地方的含义

1)-age, 表示”住所,地点“ village, cottage 2)-ary, 表示”住所,场地“ library, granary(谷仓)3)-ery, ry, 表示”工作场所,饲养所,地点“ laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室)4)-ory, 表示”工作场所,住处“ factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory(4)带有学术,科技含义

1)-grapy, 表示”……学,写法” biography, calligraphy, geography 2)-ic, ics, 表示“……学……法” logic, mechanics, optics, electronics 3)-ology, 表示“……学……论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)4)-nomy, 表示”……学……术“ astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)5)-ery, 表示”学科,技术“ chemistry, cookery, machinery 6)-y, 表示”……学,术,法” photography, philosophy

(5)表示人和事物的总和,集合含义 1)-age, baggage, tonnage

2)-dom, kingdom,freedom 3)-hood, neighbourhood, livelihood 4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁)5)-ure, legislature, judicature

(6)表示物品和物质名称的含义 1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant 2)-al, signal, pictorial(画报)3)ar, collar, pillar(石柱)4)-er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker 5)-ery, drapery(绸缎)6)-ing, clothing, matting, 7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment

(7)表示“细小”的含义 1)-cle, particle, 2)-cule, molecule(分子)3)-el, parcel 4)-en, chicken, maiden 5)-et, pocket, ticket 6)-etta,-ette, etto, cigarette, eayette(短文)7)-kin, napkin 8)-ling, duckling, 9)-let, booklet 10)-y, baby, doggy

11)-ie, 表示“爱,指小” dearie, auntie, laie(小姑娘)2.形容词后缀

(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义

1)-able,-ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible 2)-al, natural, additional, educational 3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican 4)-ant,-ent, distant, important, excellent 5)-ar, similar, popular, regular 6)-ary, military, voluntary 7)-ice,-atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical, 8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine 9)-ing, moving, touching, daring 10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish 11)-ive, active, impreive, decisive 12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory 13)-il,-ile,-eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)

(2)表示“相象,类似”的含义 1)-ish, boyish, childish 2)-esque, picturesque 3)-like, manlike, childlike 4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 5)-some, troublesome, handsome 6)-y, milky, pasty

(3)表示“充分的”含义

1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful 2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various 3)-ent, violent,(4)表示由某种物质形成,制成或生产的含义 1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen 2)-ous, gaseous 3)-fic, scientific

(5)表示方向的含义 1)-ern, eastern, western 2)-ward, downward, forward

(6)表示“倍数”的含义 1)-ble, double, treble 2)ple, triple 3)-fold, twofold, tenfold

(7)表示“数量关系”的含义 1)-teen, thirteen 2)-ty, fifty 3)-th, fourth, fiftieth

(8)表示国籍,语种,宗教的含义 1)-an, Roman, European 2)-ese, Chinese, 3)-ish, English, Spanish

(9)表示“比较程度”的含义 1)-er, greater 2)-ish, reddish, yellowish 3)-est, highest 4)-most, foremost, topmost

(10)其他的含义

-le, 表示否定,countle, stainle, wirele 3.动词后缀

1)-ize, ise, 表示“做成,变成,……化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize 2)-en, 表示”使成为,引起,使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden 3)-fy, 表示“使……化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify 4)-ish, 表示”使,令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish 5)-ate, 表示“成为……,处理,作用” separate, operate, indicate 4.副词后缀

1)-ly, poibly, swiftly, simply 2)-ward,-wards, downward, inwards, upward 3)-ways, always, sideways 4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise

三.初中英语重要词根act 行为/举止 active action activate 2 cap 帽子/ 罩着/盖着 capable capacity capacious 3 ceive 做(事情)conceive perceive receive deceive 4 ce 行走 proce acce rece 5 cide 切割 decide incidence accident biocide 6 cite 说话 recite cite excite 7 dem/demo 10 dict/dic 11 dis 12 dom 13 fend 14 fer 15 fe 16 fin 17 flex 18 flu 19 gre 20 ject 21 leg 22 le 23 liter 24 main 25 mand 26 mit 27 mod 28 nat 29 nov 30 opt 31 para 32 part 33 pens 34 plex 35 ply 36 pot 37 pre 38 priv 39 scend 40 scrib 41 sembl 42 sent 43 serv

人/人民 democracy epidemic

说话 predict dicionary dedicate addict 距离/分开 distance distribute disinterested 领域 dominate predominate domain kingdom 遮挡物 defend offend 拿 prefer infer defer confer 说话 confe profe 边线/边界 finite finish infinite definite indefinite 使弯折 flexible reflect 流动 flu fluent flush fluctuate

行走 congre progre aggreive 射/喷射 reject eject inject deject

腿 legal illegal legislation(isl:通道)delegate allege 没有 carele valuele pricele worthle 文字 literature literal illiterate literary 手 maintain

命令 demand command

放射/传送 emit commit submit transmit

模式/模型/模具 mode modify model commodity 本身的/自然的 natural native

心奇/心意 novel(adj.)novelty innnovate 选择 optional adopt optimism

相对的 parallel parasite paradox(dilemma)一部分 partial impartial apart apartment 钱 dispense compensate expensive 使弯折 perplex complex 含义/内容 reply imply supply 坛子 potent potential impotent

按压 compre preing oppre repre suppre 权利 private deprive derive privilege 行走 descend ascend

写 describe prescribe subscribe postscript manuscript 集聚 aemble resemble

感觉/感官 aent consent dient

安放 preserve conserve reserve deserve

sign 图标/符号 aign design resign 45 sol 太阳 solar system;solitary console isolate 46 spec/spect 看 respect respective inspect prospect perspecitive 47 sper/spir 呼吸 inspire conspire expire prosper desperate 48 stit 坐 institute substitue constitute 49 sum 归总 summarize summary consume resume 50 tain 拿着/托着 retain contain attain detain distain 51 tend 伸展/展开 extend tend intend tendency 52 text 编织 texture context pretext 53 tract 地域/地带 attract tractor tractable intractable 54 trans 通过/穿过 transport transit transmit transplant 55 tribute 贡品 attribute distribute contribute 56 vac 空/空的 vacant vacuum evacuate 57 vers/vert 转换/转向 conversation anniversary reverse introvert 58 vis 看 vision visit supervise advise 59 voc 说话 vocal vocation advocate 60 vent 来/来临 advent ventilate convention

补充: ab 强调/否定

aboriginal

abuse absolute abnormal

ad 倾向于

pro 倾向于

re 二次/反复

3.自己的;自动的(auto)autobiography;自传 auto alarm;自动警报

4.两个的;双重的(bi)biweekly;两周一次的/一周两次的 bimonthly;两月一次的/一月两次的 biannually;一年两次的

5.共同的(co;con)cooperation;合作 cohere;粘合coincide;一致/符合 concentrate;集中(注意力)conclude;总结

6.反对的;相反的(contra)

contradict;矛盾 counterstrike;反击

counterpart 配对物/人

7.在之中;加强意义(en)encourage;鼓励 enlarge;放大 enrich;使丰富 enroll;招纳/招募

8.好的(eu)eulogy;赞歌

euphony;悦耳之音 euphemism;委婉语 euthanasia;安乐死

9.前面的;在先的(fore)forearm;前臂 forehead;额头 foresight;远见 forefinger;食指

10.之间的(inter)international;国际的 interfere;干涉 interrupt;打断

interval 间隔/间隔的 intervene;干涉/干预

11.错误的(mis)mistake 错误

misapprehend;误会/误解 misunderstand;误会/误解 mistrust;不信任/猜疑

12.外面的;上面的;过度的(over)overcoat 大衣

overlook;眺望/远看/概述 overhear 偶然听到 overdue;迟到的

13.后(post)postpone;推迟 post-war;战后

14.前(pre)predict;预测 prehistoric;史前的 prevent;防止

preview;预展/预演 previous;之前的

15.半(semi)Semifinal;半决赛 Semicolon;分号

16.上面的;过度的(super)supernatural;超自然的 supervise;监督 superstition;迷信

17.多的(multi)multilateral; 多边的 unilateral;单边的 multinational;多国的multiple;多样的/多重的 单词结束表示总结(虚的;无实际意义)Ible 形容词结束标志

able 形容词结束标志

al 形容词结束标志

ate 动词结束标志

tion/ation 名词结束标志

ment 名词结束标志

e 单词结束标志

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