职称英语考试大纲模拟试题一讲解_职称英语考试大纲
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职称英语考试大纲模拟试题一讲解 请大家注重看每个句子的译文
Vocabulary 词汇部分词汇部分词汇部分词汇部分::::
1.I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't __ what color it was.A.make out
B.look to
C.look out
D.take in
【答案】A
【译文】我只能看到远处一辆汽车,可是分辨不出汽车的颜色。
【试题分析】词组辨析题。
【详细解答】make out意为“辩认出,理解”,符合句意。look to“照顾,负责”;look out“当心,提防”;take in“容纳,理解,欺骗(多用于被动态)”,均不符合句意。
2.The __ of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually make jobs easier to do.A.addition
B.aociation
C.application
D.affection
【答案】C
【参考译文】新的科学发现应用于工业生产方法上常使工作更容易做。
【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题。
【词义辨析】application应用、运用:the application of theory 理论的运用。A.addition增加,一般用于in addition to”除„„之外”结构中,此处不符合句意,科学发现不是“增加到”工业生产方法上,而是“应用到”工业生产技术中。B.aociation联系,联想;协会;结交:I’m working in aociation with another person.我与另外一个人合伙工作。D.affection爱情;爱;影响。
3.He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been __.A.imposed
B.exposed
C.composed
D.opposed
【答案】B
【参考译文】他咕噜地说了些什么,仿佛泄露了一个秘密,脸一下红了。
【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题,题干中“secret”和“blush”为关键词,“mumble”并不影响答案的选择。
【词义辨析】expose暴露;泄露:be exposed to the sun暴露在阳光之下。A.impose常与介词on搭配,表示“把„„强加于„„上”。如:impose one’s idea on others把某人的思想强加给别人。C.compose组成:be composed of由„„组成。D.oppose反对:be opposed to this plan反对这一计划。
4.Mr.Morgan can be very sad ___, though in public he is extremely cheerful.A.in person
B.in private
C.by himself
D.as individual
【答案】B
【参考译文】虽然摩根先生在公开场合显得十分高兴,私下里却很忧伤。
【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题,题干中“in public”为提示语。
【详细解答】in private私下地,指不被众人所注意:Cecil can be very rude in private, though in public he’s usually polite.塞西尔在大庭广众中通常很有礼貌,但私下里却很粗鲁。用在此处,正符合句意。A.in person 亲自:He brought me the book in person.他亲自给我送来这本书。C.by himself独自一人,独自地;强调不需要他人帮助,如He cooked the meal by himself.他自己做了这顿饭。D.as individual作为个人而言,此词组并非固定搭配,类似的有as a student作为学生;as a physicist作为一名物理学家。5.You should __ these tables and buy new ones.A.throw off
B.throw down
C.throw up
D.throw away
【答案】D
【参考译文】你应该把这些桌子扔了,买些新的。
【试题分析】此题考有关throw的短语辨析。
【词组辨析】throw away扔掉:Don’t throw this book away.It may be used later。别把这本书给扔了,以后可能有用。A.throw off摆脱掉;匆匆脱下(衣服):throw off the bad habit摆脱坏的习惯。此处题意是说去旧换新,而非摆脱桌子。B.throw down朝下扔。C.throw up(接名词)放弃:throw up one’s job放弃工作。
6.__ their suggestions, we will discu them fully at the next meeting.A.In regard for
B.In regard to
C.With regard of
D.Regardle for
【答案】B
【参考译文】关于他们的建议,我们将在下次会议充分讨论。
【试题分析】此题为词组辨析,以及固定搭配辨析题。
【详细解答】in regard to/of 关于„„,为固定搭配,所以A在形式上就不成立。with regard to 也可以表示“关于„„”,但不能用介词“of”来代替“to”,因此可以排除C。regardle of 不注意,不关心;不顾:regardle of wind or rain风雨无阻。所以D项在搭配上也不正确。
7.The medicine which the doctor gave her can only __ her temporarily from pain.A.relax
B.relieve
C.relay
D.release
【答案】B
【参考译文】医生给她的药只能暂时减轻她的病痛。
【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题。
【词义辨析】relieve减轻(病痛、紧张情绪等):relieve sb.from anxiety消除某人的忧虑。A.relax放松;使不紧张:relax the muscles放松肌肉。C.relay转达,转播:relay a program转播一个节目。D.release释放:release sb.from the prison把某人从监狱中释放出来。
8.On cloudy nights it is not poible to see the stars with __ eye.A.naked
B.bare
C.flesh
D.pure
【答案】A
【译文】在多云的夜晚,不可能用肉眼观察到星星。
【试题分析】词语搭配题。
【详细解答】肉眼是固定搭配,必须用naked。
9.Many new __ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A.opportunities
B.neceities
C.probabilities
D.realities
【答案】A
【译文】将来更多的机会将会对受过大学教育的人开放。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】opportunity意为“(做„„的)机会”,符合句意。neceity,“必需品”;probability,“可能的结果”;reality,“现实,实际存在的事物”,均不符合句意。
10.The weather is highly __ at this time of the year and it is hard to know what to wear.A.various
B.variant
C.variable
D.varied
【答案】C
【译文】每年的这时候,天气特别多变,都不知道穿什么好。【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】various意为“各种各样的”;variant意为“不同的”;variable意为“多变的,变化异常的”;varied意为“变化了的,色彩丰富的”。根据句子意思,应选C。
11.When you go to a new country, you must __ yourself to new manners and customs.A.adopt
B.fit
C.suit
D.adapt
【答案】D
【参考译文】当你到一个新的国家时,你应该适应新的礼节和风俗。
【试题分析】此题既是近义词辨析题,又是形近词辨析题。
【词义辨析】adapt使适应,使适合,常用adapt oneself to sth.结构中。如adapt yourself to the new environment适应新环境。A.adopt采纳、采取;收养:adopt this suggestion采纳这条建议。B.fit使„„适合,但着重强调“符合某种要求”,用在此处,从结构上讲,完全可以,但意义不大合适,且fit多用于sth.fits sb.for„结构中,如His great height fits him for the team games.他身材高大适合参加球队比赛。C.suit满足,合„„之意;一般不用人做主语。suit oneself随自己的便,爱干什么就干什么。
12.I found myself completely __ by his vivid performance.A.carried out
B.carried off
C.carried away
D.carried on
【答案】C
【参考译文】我发现我完全被他那生动的表演吸引住了。
【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题,考有关“carry”的词组。
【词组辨析】carry away 吸引住;使激动得失去控制,多用于被动语态:He was carried away by his succe.他被成功冲晕了头脑。A.carry out执行;完成;实现:carry out the plan完成这一计划。B.carry off 拿走,夺走:His life was carried off by the disease.这种病夺去了他的生命。D.carry on 继续,进行:They carried on in spite of the difficulties.尽管困难重重,他们仍坚持下去。
13.These safety measures will __ the reduction of accidents.A.give in
B.result from
C.result in
D.originate in 【答案】C
【参考译文】这些安全措施将减少事故的发生。
【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题。
【词组辨析】result in 引起(某种结果);导致:His carelene resulted in the failure of this experiment.他的粗心大意导致了实验的失败。A.give in 屈服:He would rather die than give in to the enemy.他宁死不向敌人屈服。B.result from由„„引起的,与result in是一对反义词组。Lung cancer partly results from heavy smoking.肺癌部分是由过分吸烟造成的。D.originate in 起源于:Their friendship originated in a chance meeting.他们的友谊源于一次偶遇。
14.Some discuion has __ about who should be put in charge of this project.A.risen
B.lifted
C.raised
D.arisen
【答案】D
【参考译文】人们讨论谁将负责这一项目。
【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题,更主要地是易混词辨析题。
【词义辨析】从题意中可得出此处应填一个不及物动词,故可排除B、C两项。D.aris出现;
15.__ these changes we must revise our plan.A.In the course of
B.In the light of C.In spite of
D.In addition to 【答案】B
【参考译文】鉴于这些变化,我们必须修订我们的计划。
【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题。【词组辨析】in the light of 鉴于;根据:take actions in the light of actual situations根据实际情况采取行动。A.in the course of 在„„期间,在„„过程中的。C.in spite of 不顾。D.in addition to 除„„之外,相当于besides。
16.Although the examination he had paed was unimportant, his succe __ him in his later study.A.persuaded
B.promised
C.urged
D.encouraged
【答案】D
【参考译文】尽管他通过的这次考试并不重要,却给他以后的学习不少鼓励。
【试题分析】此题为近义辨析题。
【词义辨析】encourage鼓励:He encouraged me to accept this challenge.他鼓励我接受这一挑战。A.persuade说服:persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事。B.promise答应,允诺:He promised to come.他答应要来的。C.urge鞭策,力促:to urge the horse on 鞭马前进。从题意中可以看出这次考试并不重要,只是鼓励了他,而不是鞭策他。所以D为最佳答案。
17.More and more cheaper materials are being ___ for the better, more expensive kind in production.A.replaced
B.displaced
C.substituted
D.transformed
【答案】C
【参考译文】在生产中越来越多的廉价材料被用以代替质优但价格较高的材料。
【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题,主要考搭配。
【词组辨析】substitute替代,常用于substitute A for B结构,表示“用A来代替B”:substitute plastic for wood用塑料代替木材。A.replace代替,被动时与by搭配使用:be replaced by gas 被煤气所取代。C.displace转移;取代:I’ll displace Sally when she is away on busine.当Sally出差在外时,我取代他的位置。同样,displace在被动句中,与by搭配使用。D.transform转变,改变,多用于transfrom„from„to„结构中,表示“把„„从„„转变为„„”。
18.We are taking __ a collection to buy flowers for John because he is in the hospital.A.to
B.up
C.over
D.off
【答案】B
【译文】我们筹款为John买花,因为他住院了。
【试题分析】词语搭配题。
【详细解答】take up a collection是一个固定词组,意思是募捐,筹款,其它三个介词都无法和take 和a collection 搭配。
19.This is __ the first time you have been late.A.under no circumstances
B.on no account
C.by no means
D.for no reason
【答案】C
【参考译文】这绝非你第一次迟到。
【试题分析】此题为近义词组辨析。
【词义辨析】by no means决不:He is by no means discouraged.他决不气馁。A.under no circumstances无论在什么情况下都不要,强调不受环境变化的影响。B.on no account 无论持任何理由决不,无论如何不要,强调不管有无原因都一样。D.for no reason没有任何 理由。本句是强调一种既存的事实,而不是将要发生的事情,当然不能选A、B。C才是最佳答案。
20.The taxi had to __ because the traffic light had turned red.A.set up
B.catch up
C.shut up
D.pull up
【答案】D 【参考译文】出租车不得不停下来因为红灯亮了。
【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题,考与“up”搭配的动词短语。
【词组辨析】pull up停下:The car pulled up at the school gate.车子在校门口停下来。A.set up 建立:set up a school建立一所学校。B.catch up(with)赶上:catch up with his clamates赶上他的同学。C.shut up闭嘴。