初中常见英语单词不同_初中常用英语单词
初中常见英语单词不同由刀豆文库小编整理,希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便,猜你可能喜欢“初中常用英语单词”。
1、sport、game、match、race 的区别:
sport通常指“户外运动”,以锻炼为主,概念较大;
game意思是“运动、比赛”,不管户内户外还是脑力体力,指以胜负为主的运动; match意为“竞赛、比赛”,多指正式比赛;race主要表示“赛跑、赛马、赛车”
如: People all around the world enjoy sports.(全世界的人都喜爱运动)The 2008 Olympic Games was held in Beijing.(2008奥运会在北京举行)
Our school football team won the league match.(我们学校足球队取得了联赛冠军)
They were strong and won the boat race.(他们很棒,赢得了划艇比赛)
2、festival、holiday、vacation的区别:
festival“节日”,指喜庆的日子或持续一段时间的文娱活动;
holiday“假日、休息日”,指法定假日或风俗习惯,复数可以表示一个较长的假期; vacation“假期”,指学习或工作中一段长时间的休息
如:The Shanghai Television Festival will be held next month.(上海电视节将在下个月举行)
Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work.(星期天是个假日,多数人不工作)What are you going to do during the summer vacation/holidays?(在暑期你打算做什么事情?)
3、journey、tour、trip、travel的区别:
journey指在陆地上(或海上或空中)进行的长途旅行,不知终点,含有辛苦的意思; tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行,强调游览多处,常用来指观光等; trip通常指往返定时的短途旅行,如出差度假等;
travel多指长期或长途的观光旅行,尤其指到国外,没有明确目的地,也作不可数名词,指旅行这一行为 如: He made up his mind to make the journey to Dunhuang.(他拿定主意要去敦煌旅行)He has gone on a walking tour.(他步行观光去了)
He took several trips to Shanghai last year.(去年他去了上海好几次)Did you go to Santiago during your travels?(旅行期间你去圣地亚哥了吗?)Traveling through thick forests is dangerous.(在密林里边穿行是很危险的)
4、sound、noise、voice的区别:
sound指各种声音; noise主要指“噪音”; voice指人的“嗓音”
如: The noise of the street kept me awake in the night.(街上的喧嚣声让我彻夜难眠)
All of a sudden there was the sound of shots and a cry.(突然间传来几声枪响和一声尖叫)
The singer has lost her ringing voice as a result of a bad cold.(因为感冒的缘故,这个歌唱家失去了她银铃般的嗓音)
5、others与the others的主要区别: others指“剩余的人/物”(指大部分); the others指“其余的人/物”,(指全部)
如:A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them.(有几个学生在踢足球,其他一些人在观看)
Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them.(十个男孩中有两个站着,其他人都围着他们坐着)
6、a lot of、lots of、a number of(/large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of的区别: 五个“名词+介词”短语都表示“大量,许多”
a lot of(或lots of)既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式,可以相应地换为much和many; plenty of“足够、大量”,既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式
a number of / large numbers of只可以修饰可数名词复数形式(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用复数形式)可以换为some、many、a lot of、plenty of a great deal of只可以修饰不可数名词(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用单数形式)可以换为much 如:A lot of people think that time is money.(许多的人认为时间就是金钱)
I don‘t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time.(我用不着赶忙,因为我有充足的时间)
I have a number of letters to write today.(今天我有好多信要写)
I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.(在购物方面我花费了大量的时间/金钱)
7、none、no one、nobody的区别:
no one和nobody都表示“没有人”,仅指人,后面不跟of 短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式;
none表示“没有一个人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短语,作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数 如:No one knows how he managed to get the ticket.(没有人知道他是怎样搞到那张票的)
Nobody handed in his/their composition(s)yesterday.(昨天没有一个人交作文)None of my friends came to see me that day.(那天没有一个朋友来看我)
8、whole与all的区别l: 记住两个词序:① the whole + 名词;
②all(of)the + 名词
如:He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙)
He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词)
9、tall与high, short与low的区别: 指人的个子时用tall与short; 指其他事物时一般用high与low 如:He‘s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮)
Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木)
A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)
10real与true的区别:
real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”;
而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的”
如:This is a real diamond(钻石)and it‘s very expensive.(这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵)
--Is that true?—Yes.I heard it with my own ears.(那真实吗? 是的,我亲耳所听)
11、interested与interesting的区别:
interesting指人或东西“有趣的”,作定语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语 如:The man is very interesting and all the children like him.(这个人很有趣,孩子们都喜欢他)This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(这本书很有趣,你会真正获得享受)
I am interested in science.(我对自然科学感兴趣)
12、good与well的区别:
表示“好”时,作定语或表语用good,作状语用well; 表示“(身体)好”时用well 如:Doing sports is good for us.(进行运动对我们有益)
Study well and make progre every day.(好好学习,天天向上)--How are you?—I am very well.(你好吗?我很好)
13、nice与fine:的区别:
nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等 fine一般指身体或天气好
如:Let‘s go and share(分享)the nice cake.(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧)She is a nice girl.(他是个漂亮的姑娘)/ What a fine day!(多好的天气!)He‘s fine recently(最近).(近来他身体不错)
14、too much与much too的区别:
too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量;
much too表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词
如:I am full because I have had too much rice.(我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭)That coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太贵了)
15、quick、fast与soon的区别: quick与fast基本同义 quick往往指反应速度快 fast往往指运动速度快
soon则表示时间上很快即将发生
如:After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆地吃过早饭,他朝学校赶去,却把书包忘记在家)
A train is much faster than a bus.(火车比公共汽车快得多)
His father will be back to China very soon.(他父亲很快就要返回中国)
16、lonely与alone的区别:
lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是:“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或表语; alone的意思是:“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)如:He lives alone but he doesn‘t feel lonely.(他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独)He is a lonely person.You can not easily get on well with him.(他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易)
17、other与else的区别:
两个词都可以作形容词,但是用法不同: other放在名词前;
else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much,后置,另外,or else表示“否则”,是连词 如:The other students are on the playground.(其他学生在操场上)
Who else can work out this maths problem?(还有谁能解出着道数学题?)This is nobody else‘s money.It‘s mine.(这不是别的什么人的钱,是我的)
Do you have anything else to say for yourself?(你还有什么要为自己说的吗?)
18、special与especial的区别:
表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时,两个词可互换,但special较为常用,另外,special还可以表示特别的目的 如: She pays(e)special attention to clothes.(她非常注重着装)
These are special chairs for small children.(这些是专门给小孩子的椅子)
19、gone、lost、miing的区别:
gone表示“丢了,没了”,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示“死了”,作表语或宾补,不可以作定语; lost表示“丢失”,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补;
miing表示“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补
如:My fever(高烧)is gone, but I still have a cough.(发烧消退了,但我仍然咳嗽)
The parents found the lost child at last.(家长终于找到了迷路的孩子)My dictionary is miing.Who‘s taken it away?(我的字典不见了,谁拿走了?)
For more detailed information(详情)of the miing girls, please visit our website(网址).(如果想知道失踪女孩们的详情,请访问我们的网站)
20、living、alive、live、lively的区别: 四个词都来源于动词live“生活、居住”
living读[„liviN]有三个意思:①“活着的、现存的”,作表语或定语
②“一模一样的、逼真的”
③相当于lively,意思是“强烈的、活泼的”;
live读[laiv],指东西“活的”,可以替换为living;
alive读[[„laiv]作表语,指人“活着的”,如果作定语,则放在名词的后面;
lively读[„laivli]有三个意思:①有生气的、活泼的、快活的,②(色彩)鲜艳的,③生动的、真实的
例如:A living language should be learned orally(口头上).(活的语言应该从口头上学)(被动句)We have a living hope that you will succeed.(我们强烈地希望你能成功)Is she still alive?(她还活着吗?)
They are the happiest children alive.(他们是活着的最开心的孩子)This is a live fish.(这是条活鱼)
A live wire(电线)is dangerous.(有电的电线是危险的)She is as lively as a kitten(小猫).(她像小猫一样可爱)
He gave a lively description of the football match.(他生动地描述了那场足球赛)
21、sick与ill区别:
sick和ill都表示“生病的” 但是,sick可以做定语、表语 ill只能做表语
如:He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now.(他病了很久,现在非常虚弱)Vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets‘ owners like them.(兽医帮助诊治患病的宠物,很受宠物主人们的喜爱)
22、very与 much的区别:
very修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词, much修饰形容词和副词的比较级;
much还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词,very不可以 如:He is very stupid.(他很笨)The film was very moving and everyone swept.(电影非常动人,大家都哭了)You must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.(你得学习更努力,不然你考不进那所好学校)I don‘t like him much.(我不太喜欢他)
23、too...to...与so...that...的不同:
副词too/so后面跟形容词或副词,to后面跟动词,that后面跟从句 Too...to...(“太.„„以致不„„”)是否定的结构,用于简单句 so...that...(“如此„以致„”)是肯定结构,用于复合句
如:The child is too young to join the army.(这孩子年龄太小还不能参军)He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.(他这么强壮,搬得动那个重箱子)
24、farther与further的用法区别:
表示地点、方向或距离时两个词同义,意思为“更远、较远”,但是further 还表示“更多、进一步、额外”等意思,此时不能换为farther 如:They decided to go farther/further the next day.(他们决定第二天走得再远些)This problem will be further discued.(这个问题还要进一步讨论)Every one of them had their further studies after they left college.(他们每个人大学毕业后继续进修)
25、rather与quite的区别:
同very一样,两个词都表示形容词或副词的程度, quite表示“不到最高程度但是比预料的好”, rather比quite更接近very的含义,含有令人惊讶的意思 见下图对“nice”程度的描绘:
not nice
(fairly)nice
quite nice
rather nice
very nice
如:It‘s quite a nice film.(这是部好片子)(可能意味着不是一部最好的电影)
It‘s rather a nice film.(这是部很不错的电影。)(意味着比大多数电影都好)
[注意]注意quite与rather后面的次序词序
26、maybe、poibly、perhaps的区别:
maybe“可能、也许”,比另外两个词更不正式、更随便、可能性不大
poibly“可能地、或者、也许”,可能性较大,在否定句和疑问句中表示“无论如何”;perhaps“可能”,较为常用而且正式,可能性也不大
如:You could put it over there,maybe.(也许你可以把它放在那边)I couldn’t poibly have finished such a long book in such a short time.(我不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么长的一本书)I thought perhaps it was the letter you have been expecting.(我以为那也许就是你期盼的信件)
27、most、mostly的区别:
most作为形容词和名词时意思是“大多数的、大部分的”,作为副词时意思为“最,十分、很”; mostly仅为副词,意思为“主要地、多半地、大部分地”
如:I was at home most of the time when I was free.(我有空时大部分时间都在家)Most children are naughty.(大部分的孩子都淘气)This is the most exciting part of the film.(这是电影中最令人兴奋的部分)She is mostly out on Sundays.(星期天她一般不在家)
28、(be)worth、(be)worthy of的区别:
worth一般被看作是介词,后面接名词或者动名词,用主动表示被动含义,还可以用副词well修饰; worthy of表示“值得的、配得上的”,后面跟动名词的被动形式
如:What is worth doing at all is worth doing well(凡是值得做的,就值得好好去做)The house is worth ¥300,000.(房子价值30万元)This book is well worth reading several times.(这本书值得好好读几遍)It is a thing worthy of being seen.(这是一个值得看的东西)
29、almost、nearly的区别:
两个词意思相近,都表示“几乎、将近”,大多数情况下可以互换,与否定词连用时用almost不用nearly.almost no 相当于hardly any(几乎没有)如:He had done almost nothing today.(他今天几乎没有干什么)We are almost/nearly there.(我们几乎就到那里了)Almost nobody/Hardly anybody understood his words.(几乎没有人懂他的话)
30、a bit与a little的区别:
这两个名词短语经常当作副词使用,修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级,可以互换,语气比rather弱 如:This digital camera is a bit(a little)expensive.(这台数码相机有点贵)It is a little(a bit)colder than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷了点)另外,a little可以直接加不可数名词,a bit 则采用“a bit + of +名词(不可数或可数名词复数)”的形式 如:I have got a bit of a cold.(我有点感冒)Go and get a little water for me, please.(请你去给我搞点水来)
[注意] not a bit(=not at all)意为“根本不”,而 not a little则意为“非常,不是一点”
31、时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别:
表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间;
表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触, at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点
如:He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)I usually get up at 7:00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床)His glaes are right on his nose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)He is at the cinema at the moment.(此刻他正在电影院)
32、after与in表示时间的区别:
“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在„时刻之后”常用于一般时态; “in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态
如:He said that he would be here after 6:00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)My father is coming back from England in about a month.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来)
33、since与for表示时间的区别:
“since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从„起一直到现在”, “for +(一段斶间)”表示“总共有„之久”,都常用于完成时态;
如:Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970叔叔自从1970年起就在这家工厂工作了)Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 30 years.(李叔叔在这家工厂已经工作了30多年)
34、by、in与with表示方式的区别: 都可以表示“工具、手段”, by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以„„方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者; in表示“使用”某种语言/文字, with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段
如:We see with our eyes and walk with our feet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路)Please write that article(文章)in English.(请你用英语写那篇文章)Let‘s go to the zoo by taxi.(我们打的去动物园吧)It was written by Lao She.(那是老舍写的)
35、about与on的区别:
都可以表示“有关„”,但是about的意义比较广, on主要表示“有关„(专题/课程)”
如:Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America.(汤姆要作一个美国历史的报告)They are very excited talking about the coming field trip.(他们兴致勃勃地谈论着即将来到的野外旅游)
36、through与acro、over的区别:
through指“穿过„(门洞/人群/树林)”;
acro和over可以指“跨越„(街道/河流)”,可互换,但是表示“翻过„”时只能用over.如:Just then a rat(鼠)ran acro the road.(就在那时一只老鼠跑过路面)There is a bridge acro/over the river.(河上有座桥)They climbed over the mountain and arrived there ahead of time.(他们翻过大山提前到达了那里)The visitors went through a big gate into another park.(参观者们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园)
37、as与like的区别: 两个词都表示“像„„”, as译为“作为„„”,表示的是职业、职务、作用等事实, like译为“像„„一样”,表示外表,不是事实
如:Let me speak to you as a father.(我以父亲的身份和你讲话。)(说话者是听者的父亲)Let me speak to you like a father.(让我像一位父亲一样和你讲话)(说话者不是听者的父亲)
38、at the end of、by the end of、to the end、in the end的区别:
at the end of„既可以表示时间也可以表示地点,译为“在„末;在„尽头”,常与过去时连用; by the end of„只能表示时间,译为“在„前;到„为止”,常用于过去完成时;
in the end与at last基本等义,表示“终于、最后”,通常用于过去时; to the end译为“到„的终点为止”,前面往往有表示运动或连续性的动词
如:By the end of last term we had learned 16 units of Book III.(到上学期期末我们已经学习了第三册16个单元)At the end of the road you can find a big white house with brown windows.(在路的尽头你能找到一幢有棕色窗户的白房子)They left for Beijing at the end of last week.(上周末他们动身去了北京)In the end he succeeded in the final exams.(他最终在期末考试中考及格了)We should go on with the work to the end.(我们应该把工作干到底)Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office.(沿这条路走到底就能看见一家邮电局)
39、for a moment、for the moment、in a moment、at the moment的区别: for a moment“一会儿、片刻”(=for a while),常与持续性动词连用 for the moment“暂时、目前”,常用于现在时
in a moment“一会儿、立即、马上”(=soon;in a few minutes),一般用于将来时 at the moment“此刻,眼下”(=now),用于现在进行时
如:Please wait for a moment.(请稍等)/ Let‘s leave things as they are for the moment.(暂时就维持现状吧!)
I‘ll come back in a moment.(我过会儿回来)/ I am very busy at the moment.(眼下我很忙)
40、in front of 与in the front of的区别:
in front of“在„的前面”, 与in the front of“在„的前部”
如:A car was parking in front of the hall.(大厅跟前停着一辆汽车)In the front of the hall stood a big desk.(大厅前部立着一个大讲台)
41、except与besides的区别:
except“除了”,表示排除掉某人物,即不包含
besides“除了”则表示包含,即“不仅„„又„„”
如:Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Tom.(除了Tom,大家都去了故宫博物院)(Tom没有去故宫)Besides Chinese he also studied many other subjects.(除了汉语之外,他还学其他许多功课)(“汉语”也是他学的功课之一)
42、become、get、go、be、grow、turn的区别:
become表示“变成”,比较正式,通常不用将来时表示动作已经完成get也表示动作已经完成,但是更加口语化,通常表示温度、时间、岁数等变化 go表示“变得”,常见于某些短语中,后面常有形容词bad、blind、hungry等 be表示“是、成为、当”,多用于将来时、祈使句或不定式中 grow表示“变得”,常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长
turn表示“变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况,通常指颜色等变化
如:I was caught in the rain and I became ill.(我淋雨感冒了)He has got rich.(他变富了)He will be a scientist in the future.(将来他将成为科学家)My little brother has grown much taller in the past year.(在过去的一年里我的弟弟长得高多了)The sandwich has gone bad.(那块三明治已经变坏)Her face turned red after her mother criticized(批评)her.(妈妈批评了他以后他的脸变红了)
43、have been to与have gone to的区别: have gone to(“已经去了”)表示人不在这里 have been to(“去过”)表示人在这里
44、if、whether的区别:
表示“是否”时,if和whether同义,引导宾语从句
whether还可以引导主语从句、表语从句(以及同位语从句)等名词性从句或者让步状语从句 if还可以表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,(主句与从句遵循主将从现的原则)如:I don‘t know if/whether he will arrive on time.(我不知道他是不是会按时到达)I will ring you up if he arrives on time.(如果他按时到达我会给你打电话的)
45、while、when、as的区别:
while常表示一个较长的动作,它引导的从句动作与主句的动作是同时发生的、是平行的when可以表示较短的动作也可以表示较长的动作,主句和从句的动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生
as与上两词同义,可替换while和when, 表示主句和从句的动作同时发生,常译为“一边„„一边„„” 如:Please do not trouble me while I am writing my homework.(我写作业时请不要打扰我)I‘ll go home when I have finished my job.(我干完了活儿就回去)
They were running quickly acro the road when they heard the sound of a truck coming.(他们正快速地穿过马路忽然听到了卡车开来的声音)
As we walked in the dark street, we sang songs and talked loudly.(当我们在黑洞洞的街上走路时我们高声地唱歌说话)
46、till/until与not„till/until的区别:
前者表示一个延续性的动作,后者表示一个才开始的动作
如:I will stay here and watch the baby until you return.(我会呆在这里看着娃娃直到你回来)(stay这个动作一直进行到return)They won‘t go on working until they get what they think is reasonable.(他们要到获得了他们认为合理的东西时才会继续干下去的)
47、though与although的区别:
两个词都表示“虽然”,均不可以与but同时使用,但在句中可加still或yet连用 although“尽管、虽然”仅作连词,比较正式,一般可以换为though though“虽然、尽管、即使”,还可以与even连用(=even if),表示“即使、纵然”,作副词时意思是“然而、不过”,不能放在句首
如:He paed the exams although illne prevented him from going to claes.(尽管疾病使他无法上课但是他还是通过了考试)
she won‘t leave the TV set,even though her husband is waiting for her for the supper.(她不愿离开电视机虽然丈夫在等她吃饭)
It was a quiet party.I had a good time, though.(这是个不热闹的聚会尽管如此我还是玩得很开心)
48、prefer to„rather than„与prefer„to„的区别:
prefer to„rather than„后面都是用动词原形,prefer„to„都是用动名词或名词 如:I prefer English to Japanese.(与日语相比我更喜欢英语)
I prefer to learn English rather than learn Japanese.(与日语相比我更喜欢学英语)
49、dre与wear或put on的区别:
wear或put on常用衣物作宾语,而dre常用人作宾语
表示给自己穿衣时常用“get dreed”或“dre oneself”表达
be dreed in与wear基本同义,dre up意为“穿上盛装、乔装打扮” 如:Could you dre the baby for me?(你能替我给宝宝穿衣吗?)He is eight but can‘t dre himself.(他八岁了,还不会穿衣服)She was dreed in a red coat.(她穿着一件红上衣)Do I have to dre up to go to Jim‘s party?(我得穿上好衣服去参加吉姆的聚会吗?)
50、there be sb./sth doing与there be sb./sth to do 有所不同:
用doing表示一个正在发生的事情,而用to do 则表示一个滞后或迟于there be的动作 如: Look!There is a dog lying on the stairway.Take your time.There is nothing for you to do tonight.51、be made of、be made from、be made into、be made in、be made by、be made for的区别: be made of指从制成品中可以看得出原材料
be made from则指从制成品中看不出原材料,口语中都可以换成be made out of。be made into表示“被制成„„” be made in表达被制造的地点 be made by表达制造的人
be made for表达被制造的目的如:This kind of paper is made from bamboo.(这种纸是由竹子生产的)The desk is made of wood and metal.(桌子是铁和木头打的)A lot of paper has been made into paper birds.(许多纸被折叠成了小鸟)Computers are made in these cities.(计算机是在这几个城市制造的)This kite was made by Uncle Wang.(这个风筝是王叔叔做的)A big bag was made for me to hold my waste things.(一只大包做好了让我装废物)
52、be used for、be used to、used to、get used to的区别:
be used for + 名词/代词或动名词, be used to + 动词原形,表示两个短语意思相近,表示“用于„” used to + 动词原形,表示“过去常常”,否定式可以是“didn‘t use to”也可以是“usedn‘t to” get/be used to + 动名词,表示“习惯于„.”
如:A knife can be used for cutting things.(刀可以用来割东西)A knife can be used to cut things.(刀可以用来割东西)He used to borrow novels from the library when he was at school.(他上学时常常在图书馆借书)He is used to getting up early in the morning.(他习惯早起)
53、beat,win与lose的区别:
beat(打败),后面跟“人”
win(赢得),后面跟“比赛、竞赛”等
如:Who won at last?(最后谁赢了?)Cla Three beat us 5-0.(三班以5∶0打败了我们)I am sure to win the match.(我一定能赢得比赛)而lose则表示“输了”,常用句型:lose sth.to sb 如:Unluckily we lost the match to Cla Three.(不幸的是我们比赛输给了三班)
54、grow、plant、keep的区别: plant着重讲“栽、种植”这个动作 grow则指种植以后的“栽培”、“管理” keep则主要指“喂养”、“赡养”一个人或者动物
如 :He grew vegetables in his garden.(他在园子里种菜)I planted ten trees last year,but four of them died.(去年我栽了10棵树,但是死了4棵)Old women enjoy keeping cats or dogs to kill the time.(老年的妇女喜欢养猫养狗打发时间)
55、fall、drop的区别:
fall指东西由高处向下坠落,不及物动词;也可以作连系动词,意思是“变得,进入某种状态” drop表示物体由高处往低处落下,不及物动词;或让物体落向低处,及物动词
如:The man fell off the tractor and hurt himself.(那个人从拖拉机上摔下来跌伤了)Soon after they touched the pillows they fell(系动词)fast asleep.(他们头挨枕头不久就睡着了)He felt as if he had to drop maths.(他觉得似乎要放弃数学)He dropped a letter into the mail-box.(他向邮箱里丢了一封信)
56、join、join in、take part in的区别:
join多指参加组织、团体、党派等,后面跟人时表示和某人一起参加某项活动 join in指参加某项游戏或活动
take part in多指参加群众性的活动、运动、会议等 如:He joined the army in 2001.(他2001年参军)They joined me in congratulating you.(他们和我一起向你祝贺)Do join us in the game.(千万参加我们的比赛)
He took an active part in the students‘ movement in the 1940s.(在二十世纪40年代他积极参加学生运动)
57、beat、hit、strike的区别:
beat指“连续不断地打击;(心脏的)跳动” hit指“一次性地撞击、命中”
strike与hit基本同义,还可以理解为“划(火柴)、给„„深刻的印象”
如:The man looks dead,but his heart is still beating weakly.(那个人看上去死了可心脏还在微弱地跳动)
He hit the ball so hard that it flew over their heads and fell into the lake.(他踢球的劲太大球飞过他们的头顶落入水中)
He went into the room and struck a match(火柴).(他走进房间划着了一根火柴)
58、carry on、carry out的区别: carry on表示“进行、继续”
carry out表示“进行、贯彻、实现”
如:I will carry on the work.(我会继续工作)I have some difficulties in carrying out his orders.(对于执行他的命令我有问题)
59、be amazed与be surprised的区别:
be amazed“感到惊讶”,指人对某个不可能发生却实际发生了的事情感到极其的讶异 be surprised“感到吃惊”指人对突发的事件感到惊讶 如:When he dived deep into the sea, he was amazed at the colours of all the beautiful coral reefs.(他深潜到海中时被所有美丽的珊瑚礁惊呆了)
He was very surprised when he heard a loud noise from inside the room.(听到房间里传出一个很大的声音他非常地吃惊)
60、think of与think about等短语的区别:
think of表示“考虑、思念、认为、想起、建议”等 “think about”表示“看待、认为”
“think much /highly /a lot of”表示“高度评价„” “think over”表示“仔细考虑” “think out”表示“想出”
如:The headmaster thought highly of this boy.(校长高度地评价了这个男孩)We‘re thinking of going to France for our holiday.(我们在考虑去法国度假的事情)Think it over and you will have a way.(仔细考虑就有办法)I cannot think of his name.I forgot it.(我想不起他的名字我忘了)-What do you think about his composition? -Very good!(他的作文你觉得怎么样?
很好)
61、some和 any 的区别:
some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词
如: I have some work to do today.(今天我有些事情要做)They will go there some day.(他们有朝一日会去那儿)
some 用于疑问句时,表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答
如: Would you like some coffee with sugar?(你要加糖的咖啡吗?)any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”,作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词 如:They didn’t have any friends here.(他们在这里没有朋友。)Have you got any questions to ask?(你有问题要问吗?)any 用于肯定句时,意思是“任何” Come here with any friend.(随便带什么朋友来吧)
62、no和none的区别:
no是形容词,只能作定语,意思是“没有”,修饰可数名词(单数或复数)或不可数名词 如: There is no time left.Please hurry up.(没有时间了,请快点)They had no reading books to lend.(他们没有阅读用书可以出借)
none只能独立使用,在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语,意思是“没有一个人(或事物)”,表示复数或单数 如:None of them is/are in the claroom.(他们当中没有一个在教室里)
I have many books, but none is interesting.(我有很多的书,但没有一本是有趣的)
63、all和both的区别:
all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词,也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词
both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。all和both在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等如: I know all of the four British students in their school.(他们学校里四个英国学生我全认识)—Would you like this one or that one? —Both.(你要这个还是那个?两个都要)
all和both既可以修饰名词(all/both+(the)+名词),也可以独立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名词(复数)”的形式,其中的of 可以省略
如: All(of)(the)boys are naughty.(男孩们都调皮)
64、every和each区别:
every是形容词,只能作定语修饰单数名词,意思是“每一个”,表示整体概念;
each是形容词、代词,可用作主语、宾语、定语等,意思是“每个”或者“各个”,表示单个概念;each可以放在名词前,可以后跟of短语,与动词同时出现时要放在“be动词、助动词、情态动词”之后或者行为动词之前。
every和each都用作单数理解,但是在下文中既可以用单数的代词(如he/him/his)也可以用复数的代词(如they/them/their)替代
如: Every one of the students in his cla studies very hard.(他班上每个学生学习都很用功)They are very busy.Each of them has something to do.(他们很忙,人人都有事干)
65、either和neither的区别:
either意思是“两个中间的任何一个”;
neither是either的否定形式,意思是“两个都不”
neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等,都用作单数
如:I don‘t care much for what to drink.Either of the two will do.(我不介意喝些什么,两个之中随便哪个都行)/--Will you go there by bus or by car? –Neither.I will go there by train.(——你坐公车去还是坐轿车去?——一个都不坐,我坐火车去)
66、other、the other和another的用法:
other意思是“另一”、“另一些”,有复数形式。在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语 another意思是“另外”、“又一个”,表示增加,在句中可作宾语和定语 如:Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the gra talking.(有些女孩在大苹果树下唱歌,别的就躺在草地上说话)
You have had several cakes.Do you really want another one?(你已经吃了好几块饼子了,你真的还要一块?)
I want another four books.(我还要四本书)
another(另外的,再一,又一)与the other(另外的一个)主要从数量上区分,只有两个时用the other,在原先基础上增加用another如: This is one of your socks.Where is the other one?(这是你的一只袜子,还有一只呢?)
I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.(我已经吃了4块蛋糕,但是我还要一块)
67、many和much的用法:
many意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用;
much意思是“很多”,与不可数名词连用,它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语等 如:I don‘t have many friends here.(在这里我没有很多的朋友)Many died in the bus accident.(许多人在公交车祸中丧失)
We can learn much with the help of him.(在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多)
many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of;many / much用于肯定句时可以在前面加上so、very或too.如:
There are a lot of people on the playground.(操场上有许多的人)They haven‘t got much work to do.(他们没有多少事情可做)
There are too many people in the room.(房间里人太多了)
68、few、little、a few、a little的用法:
few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思, a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ; few、a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物,little、a little与不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物,它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语 如: He is very poor and he has little money.(他很穷,几乎没有什么钱)Don‘t worry.There is still a little time
69、later、after、ago、before的区别:
①“一段时间+later/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要用于过去时态
②“after/before+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词 ③ago与before:ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时
如:He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一个事故)Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)Have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗?)After a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟)
70、above、below、over、under的区别:
在上下方用above和below,在高低处用over和under 如:The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空中)A plane flew over quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过)当above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似
71、too、also、either、nor的区别:
too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开; also(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前; either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开; nor(“也不”)用于倒装句句首;
如:Are you American,too?(你也是美国人吗?)He is not happy and I am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不)
He didn‘t watch the football game.Nor did I.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有)You can also find the market is very good.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好)
72、enough、too、so、very、quite、very much的区别:
enough(“足够,十分”)放在形容词或副词之后; too(“太”)very(“非常”)quite(“相当”)so(“如此地”)等放在形容词或副词之前 very much(“非常”)放在动词之后
如:It‘s too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。)I don‘t like sweets very much.(我不很喜欢糖果)
73、sometimes、sometime、some times、some time的区别:
sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时、sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、some times(数次)表示次数、some time(一些时间)表示一段时间
如:Sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去)I will stay here some time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的)I will meet your father sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲)
74、listen to、hear的区别: 两个词与听觉有关
listen to指“听”这一过程 hear指“听到”这一结果
如:Are you listening to me,Jim? Yes,I have heard your words.(吉姆,你在听我说吗?是的,你的话我全听见了)
75、look、see、watch、read的区别:
四个词均与眼睛有关,look指放眼去“看”(不管是否看得到),指“看”的过程
see指“看见”这一结果,有时see还引申为“明白”,表示“看”时后面加“电影”等词 watch指专注的看,含有“注视、监视”之义,后面常跟“电视、比赛”等词 read限制为看书面材料,译为“看、阅读”,后面跟“书、报纸、杂志”等词 如:What are you looking at?(你在看什么?)Please look at the blackboard.(请看黑板)Let me go to see the film, mum, will you?(妈妈,让我去看电影吧,好吗?)He won‘t feel well until he finishes watching the football match.(要看完了足球赛他才会感觉好些)Reading gives us knowledge.(阅读给我们知识)
76、hear、hear of、hear from、learn的区别:
hear“听说”,后面可以跟名词、代词、从句表示听见的内容 hear of“听说”,后面跟人,指对某人有耳闻但没有见过面 hear from“收到„„的来信”,后面加人 learn“听说、得知”,后面跟从句,含义与hear相似
如:I hear Mr Green is coming to see us tonight.(我听说格林先生今晚要来看望我们)Have you ever heard of the man who once went to the Himalaya Mountains?(你是否听说过那个去过喜马拉雅山的人?)How often do you hear from your father?(隔多久你收到你父亲的信?)He learned the musician himself was in town.(他听说音乐家本人就在城里)
77、speak、talk、say、tell的区别: 四个词与“说”有关
speak“讲话、发言、演说”,是不及物动词,涉及人时要加介词to speak作及物动词时后面跟语言名称
talk“谈话、闲谈”,是不及物动词,涉及人时用介词with、to等,涉及事情时后面跟介词about等 say 是及物动词,后面跟名词、代词、从句等,表示说的内容 tell是及物动词,后面首先要跟人,然后再跟从句或者介词短语等 如:Do you speak English?(你讲英语吗?)Who spoke at the meeting?(谁在会上发了言?)Our teacher is talking to Lin Tao‘s parent.(我们的老师正在跟林涛的家长讲话)Can you say it in English?(你能用英语说出它吗?)Please tell me something about the strange flying object.(请跟我讲讲那个奇怪的飞行物的事情吧)
78、be able to(do)、can的区别:
can是情态动词,有许多含义,表示“可能、可以、会”等意思,只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式 be able to表示能力上“会”,有多种时态形式,to后面跟动词原形,有时可以与can/could互换 如:Can you speak English?(你会说英语吗?)He couldn’t(wasn’t able to)swim when he was 12.(他十二岁时不会游泳)
79、there be、have的区别: 两个词都可以译为“有”
have表示的是“拥有”,主语必须是人或者物
there be表示“存在”的概念,主语在there be之后
如:How many brothers and sisters do you have? I have only one brother.(你有多少兄弟?我只有一个兄弟)How many chairs and desks are there in their claroom? There is none.(他们教室里有多少张桌椅?一张也没有)
80、borrow、lend、keep的区别: 表示“借”的三个词,borrow“借进”
lend“出借”都是一次性动作,不可以和表示一段的时间状语连用 keep“保存”用来表示借一段时间
如: I have lost the book I borrowed from my teacher.What can I do?(我丢掉了从老师那里借来的书)How long have you kept my dictionary,eh?For more than two months!(呃,我的字典你借了多久了?两个多月了!)
81、bring、take、carry、send、lift的区别: bring指从远处“拿来”;take指从面前“拿走”
carry指一般的搬运,不涉及方向;send主要指“送、派遣、寄” lift指把东西由低向高“提起、拎起”
82、hope、wish的区别: 两个词都表示“希望”
hope表达有把握或信心实现的事情,后面直接跟动词不定式或者宾语从句,不可以跟动名词或作宾语补足语的不定式 wish表达实现的可能性不大的事情,后面跟名词、宾语从句(用过去时)或者作宾语补足语的不定式 如:We all hope to see him very soon.(我们全都希望尽快见到他)I hope it will be fine tomorrow so that we can go out.(我希望明天天好,这样我们就能出去了)How I wish it was not raining at the moment!(我多么希望此刻不在下雨!)(事实上天正在下雨)
83、take、spend、pay、cost的区别:
spend的宾语通常是金钱或时间,句型:sb.+(spend)+时间/金钱+on sth /(in)doing sth.take的主语通常是事情,句型:sth./It +(take)+sb.+时间+to do„(如果是动作则常用it作形式主语将动词不定式后移)cost的宾语通常是时间、金钱、力气,句型:sth.+(cost)+sb.+时间/金钱/力气.pay的宾语通常是金钱,句型:sb.+(pay)+金钱+for+事物.如:She spent the whole night reading the novel.(她花了一个晚上看那本小说)This job will take me two days.=It will take me two days to do the job.(做这件事情要花我两天的时间)How much does a house like this cost?(像这样的房子要花多少钱?)I paid him twenty dollars for the book..(我花了20元从他那儿买了书)
84、begin、start的区别:
begin在大多数情况下可以替代start,(反义词是end),后面接不定式或动名词时区别不大 start还可以表示“开始、出发、启动”,反义词是stop;某事停止后再重新开始一般用start 如:When did you begin/start to learn English?(你什么时候开始学英语的?)They started getting in the crops after the rain stopped.(雨停后他们开始收割庄稼)This time he could not start his car.(这次他没法启动他的汽车)
85、arrive in/at、reach、get to的区别:
arrive是不及物动词,到达具体地点时后面加介词at,到达一个大的地方(国家、城市)时后面加介词in arrive后面可以直接跟地点副词here/there/home等
get表示“到达”时是不及物动词,涉及地点(无论大小)时后面加to,get后面可以直接跟地点副词here等 reach是及物动词,后面直接跟地点名词
如:He arrived in San Francisco last Sunday.(上个星期天他抵达旧金山)How did you get there in the night?(你是怎样在夜间到达那里的?)We hurried all the way and reached the station just five minutes before the train left.(我们一路狂奔在火车启动前5分钟到达车站)
86、make 与do的区别:
一般情况下表示进行活动或者做工作用do 表示创造建构某事物用make 如:I don‘t know what to do.(我不知道该干什么)I‘m not going to do any work.(我不准备做什么)My father and I once made a boat.(我和我爸曾经做过一只船)
此外还要记住一些固定说法:do good / harm / busine / one‘s best / a favour„„
make a decision / an effort / a mistake / a noise / a phone call / money / war / the bed / sure,...87、put on、wear、have„on、be in、try on、dre的区别: put on强调“穿、戴”这个动作过程 wear则表示“穿着、戴着”这一状态 have+衣物+on主要表示状态
be in(+颜色/衣物)也是表示一个状况 dre(+人)表示“给„人穿衣”
如:Please put on your new shoes.(请穿上你的新鞋)The twins are wearing the same clothes.(双胞胎穿着相同的衣服)Today she has an overcoat on.(今天她穿着一件大衣)Do you know the woman who is in black?(你认识那个身穿黑衣的女人吗?)Dad is dreing Tom now.(爹正在给汤姆穿衣)
88、like、love与enjoy的区别: 三个词都含有“喜欢”的意思 like和enjoy后面跟动名词 love 后面一般跟动词不定式
like后面有时跟动词不定式,表示一种习惯或嗜好(往往与具体的时间或地点有关)enjoy后面还可以加名词、反身代词,表示“享受„乐趣;玩得开心” 如:Do you like shopping?(你喜欢购物吗?)He likes to have a swim when he gets home every afternoon.(每天下午放学后他总爱游个泳)They love to sing foreign songs.(他们喜爱唱外国歌曲)Did you enjoy yourself at the party?(在聚会上你玩得开心吗?)He enjoys living in China.(他喜欢在中国生活)
89、study、learn的区别:
study主要表示“学习、研究”,指过程 learn主要表示“学会”,指结果 表示“学”时可以互换
如:How many subjects do you study?(你学多少门课程?)Have you learned it yet?(这个你学过了吗?)How long have you studied/learned English?(你学英语多久了?)
learn还可以表示“听说”
如:He learned the musician himself was in town.(他听说音乐家本人就在城里)
90、think、want、would like的区别: 三个词都含有“想”的意思 think指“思考、考虑”
want指“想要、愿望、企图” would like指“想要”
think后面一般跟介词短语或从句
want和would like后面跟名词或动词不定式
如:Do you think that China will become a developed country in 40 years?(你认为中国会在40年后成为发达国家吗?)I am thinking of the money I once lent to Li Min.((我正在想着以前借给黎敏的钱)What do you really want to say?(你到底想干什么?)Which of these cakes would you like(to have)?(这些饼子中你想吃哪些?)
91、look for、search„for、find、find out的区别: 前面两个词语表示动作过程,后面两个表示结果
look for指“寻找”不见的或丢失的东西,但还没有找到 search„for„指“为找„而搜寻„” find指“找到”了东西
find out主要指“查明一个事实真相”
如:Hey, Monkey, what are you looking for in the cupboard?(嘿,猴儿!你在厨子里面找什么呢?)Have you found the lost key to your car?(你找着丢失的车钥匙了吗?)The soldiers were searching the room for the spy when they heard a loud noise.(士兵们正在房间里面搜寻间谍突然间他们听到了衣声巨响)Let‘s try to find out who broke the window.(让我们查查谁把窗子打破了)
92、die、dead、death的区别:
die是动词,可以独立做谓语,有各种时态变化,也可以变成非谓语形式作句子的其他成分 dead是形容词,作句子的定语、表语或宾语补足语 death是名词,作句子的主语、宾语等
如:I’am going to die!(我要死了!)The man has been dead for about three months.(那个人死了三个月左右)He is worried to death.(他急得要死)
93、agree with/ agree to / agree on等词语区别: “agree to+动词”表示“同意做某事”
“agree with + sb./观点”表示“赞同„的观点” “agree about”表示“对„话题有相同看法” “agree to +建议”表示“同意”某人的建议 “agree on + 决定”表示“赞成某人的决定”
94、much、more与most的区别:
这三个词除了是形容词作名词的修饰语之外,还是程度副词 much表示“很”,修饰原级形/副
more表示“更”用来构成多音节形/副的比较级, most表示“最”用来构成多音节形/副的最高级 much也可以修饰比较级adj./adv.如:This park is much more beautiful than that one.(这个公园比那个漂亮多了)It is the most instructive film I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最有教育意义的电影)
95、how、what用于感叹句的区别: 对句子中的形容词或副词感叹时用how 对人或事物(可能含有形容词作修饰语)进行感叹用what.如:What a fine day(it is)today!(今天天气真好!)How difficult(the problem is)!((问题)真难呀!)
96、already、yet的区别:
在完成时中,already一般用于肯定句 yet一般用于否定句和疑问句
如:Have you done it already?(你已经做好了?)I have not had my breakfast yet.(我还没有吃早饭呢)97、、hard与hardly的区别: hard作为副词意思是:“努力地,猛烈地” hardly是否定词,意思是:“几乎不”,一般与情态动词can/could连用 如:They study English very hard.(他们英语学得很刻苦)You can hardly see a person spit in a public place.(在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰)
98、like...very much、like...better(=prefer)、like...best的区别: 三个短语分别表示“非常喜欢”、“更喜欢”、“最喜欢” 如:I like baseball very much.(我非常喜欢棒球)Do you like butter better than cheese?(/ They like hamburgers best.)