初三英语 词汇 语法 阅读讲解Unit1_初三英语语法讲解

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初三英语 词汇 语法 阅读讲解Unit1:Go For I...Unit1:Go For I...从句,意思是“考虑„„”。

I have thought about it for a long time.Please think about how to tell her the bad news.(3)think of 表示“认为”,一般用于疑问句中,与what 连用。

What do you think of the TV play? = How do you like the TV play? 2.big/ large/ great 上述形容词都表示“大”,但侧重点及程度不同。

(1)big指具体事物的大小,强调比正常形体的标准大,既可用在普通场合,也可用在正式场合。它可用来指人的身材高大或“长大了”,还可表示“伟大”,“重要”之意。如:

Can you lift up this big stone? On the last day I made a big decision.(2)large特别强调远远超过标准的大,指体积、面积、容积、数量之大。如: A whale is a large animal.A large crowd collected at the gate of the theatre.(3)great除了表示数量体积之大外,又指抽象的程度,意味着伟大性,重要性,优越性;常用于抽象

或无形的东西;用于有形的东西时,常带有“伟大”,“大得令人吃惊”等意思,含有一定的感情色彩。如:

China is a great country with a long history.He was one of the greatest scientists.3.cost/ take/ spend/ pay

(1)cost表示“花钱”,花费,付出(只能用于钱、精力、生命等;主语必须是物。)

The book cost me five yuan.(2)take的主语是动词不定式, 通常用it做形式主语。It took me five yuan to buy the book..(3)spend,在主动语句中主语是人

I spent five yuan on(for)the book.或I spent five yuan(in)buying the book.(4)pay的主语是人。

I paid five yuan for the book.4.expensive/ high/ cheap/ low

这四个词在谈论到价格的高低时,要注意使用。expensive与high涉及到价格“高”,而cheap 与low涉及到价格“低”。

(1)expensive昂贵的,花钱多的。这个单词若谈到“价格高,货贵”时,其主语不能是价格,必须是货物、物品本身。如:

This watch is expensive.这只表很贵。

These gla-products are not expensive.这些玻璃制品不是很值钱。注意:cheap表示“价廉”,“便宜的”,其主语也不能是价格,必须是物品本身。如:

The cheap table was bought from him.这张便宜的桌子是他卖给我们的。This cloth doll is very cheap.这只布娃娃很便宜。

(2)high在表示价格时,含义是“高”,low在表示价格时,含义是“低”,这两个 词不能用于物品本身,只 能用在价格上。如:

The price of this watch is very high.这只表的价格太高了。

The price of this book is not low for me.这本书的价格对我来说是不低。下面我们试看几个句子的正误对照:

The price of this computer is expensive.(宜改为:This computer is expensive.或The price of this computer is high.)The price of this pen is not cheap for him to buy.(宜改为:This pen is not cheap for him to buy.或 The price of this pen is not low for him.)5.alone/ lonely

lonely 与alone的意思比较接近,但在使用时有所区别:

(1)lonely用作形容词,意思是“孤单的;寂寞的”。可指心灵上的寂寞,也可指偏僻的地点。在句中既可作表语,也可作定语。

(2)alone 可作形容词和副词,意思是“单独;独自”,不指心理上寂寞的感觉。She was taken to a lonely island, lived alone, but she never felt lonely.她被带到一个荒岛上,自己居住,但她从不感到寂寞。6.before long/ long before(1)before long 作“不久以后”讲,切不要按字面译为“长时间以前”或“好久以前”。如:

We hope to finish our experiment before long.我们希望不久(以后)就把实验做完。(2)long before 作“很久以前”讲。原意为“„„以前很久”,故也可译为“老早”。long before 跟before long

不同,前者在其后面可以接名词或一个从句;当上下文明确时,名词或从句还可以省略。Before long 则没有上述搭配用法。

They began the test yesterday, but we had made experiment long before.我们昨天开始做实验,但我们在那以前很久就已经做准备了。7.as/ when/ while(1)as 是连词,意思是“当„„的时候,一面„„一面”,(强调同时,一般连续时间不长),如:

As we were talking about Titanic, our teacher came in.正当我们谈论“泰坦尼克号”这部电影时,教师进来了。

The students sing as they go along.学生们边走边唱。

(2)When和as一样都是连词,注意它们的不同。如when“当„„的时候”(一般表示动作紧接着发生);

“那时”(等立连词,前有逗号分开)

I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain.我一直呆到太阳下山,那时天开始下雨了。

(3)while是“当„„时候;和„„同时”(强调同时发生,一般连续时间较长)While I was watching TV, he was reading.当我在看电视的时候,他正在看书。

While there is life, there is hope.有生命就有希望。

8.beat/win/ hit

(1)beat 是动词,意思是“连续地打;打败;敲打”。beat后可接人或队名。意思是“击败对手。”如:

I can beat you at swimming.(2)win意思是“赢得某个项目”,后面常接“match, game”。如: He won a game.他胜一局。

We won a match.我们比赛得胜。

(3)hit意思是“击中”(有时可表示“打一下”)。如:

The mother hit her child out of anger.妈妈生气,打了她孩子一下。9.keep doing/keep on doing(1)keep doing侧重表示“持续不停地做某事”或“持续某种状态”。如:

The girl kept crying all the time.那个女孩一直在哭。

The baby kept sleeping about four hours.这个婴儿连续睡了大约四个小时。

(2)keep on doing 表示“总不断做某事”,不表示静止状态。不能与sitting, sleeping, lying, standing这类 词连用。如:

It kept on raining for seven days.Don't keep on asking such silly questions.10.get/ turn/ become 这三个词都可作系动词用,表示状态的变化,后跟表语,但三个词的用法稍有不同。get强调情感、气候和环境的变化;turn强调色彩的变化;而become则强调职务、职称等的变化。如:

The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter.冬天的白天越来越短。She couldn't answer the question and her face turned red.她回答不出问题,脸红了。

When did you become a teacher?-Ten years ago.你什么时候当的老师?十年前。

11.steal / rob 从意思上讲steal表示偷窃的意思。而rob表示抢劫的意思;从搭配上来讲,steal sth from sb/sth 而rob则用rob sb/sth of sth;例如: He stole money from the rich to give it to the poor.They robbed the bank of one million dollars.12.see/look/watch/notice 在英语中,see,look,watch,notice都有“看”的意思,要注意他们的区别。see意为“看到”,表示视觉器官有意识或无意识地看到物体,强调“看到”的结果。

look意为“看”,表示有意识地观看,强调“看”的动作。watch意为“观看,注视”,指以较大的注意力观看。

notice意为“看到,注意到”,指有意识的注意,含有从不注意到注意的变化的意义。例如:

What can you see in the picture?在图画中你能看到什么? Look!How happily they are playing!看!他们玩得多高兴啊!He’s watched TV for over two hours.他看了两个多小时的电视。

He noticed a purse lying on the road.他注意到地上有个钱包。13.Shoot/ shoot at shoot是及物动词,意思是“射中,射死”,宾语多为人或动物等。而shoot at是一个动词词组,意为“向„„射击”,至于射中或射死与否不得而知。如: The man shot five birds in the forest.那个人在森林里射死(中)了五只鸟。

The hunter shot at the bear.猎人朝熊射击了。

They shot at the she-wolf,but didn't shoot her.他们向那只母狼射击,但是没有射中/死。14.escape/ run away(1)escape作“逃跑”、“逃脱”或“逃避”讲时,往往会有成功之意。如: The old man escaped death.那个老人死里逃生。The thief escaped from prison.那个小偷越狱了。

(2)run away作“逃跑”、“跑走”讲时,往往强调动作。如: Don't let him run away. 别让他跑了。口语中escape和run away可以互用。15.so that..../ so...that....(1)so that....为了,以便。引导一个目的状语从句,从句中往往有情态动词。也可引导一个结果状语从句。如:

I left at 5:00 so that I could catch the early bus.Speak loudly, so that they can hear what you say.He didn't study English so that he lost a chance to work in a foreign company.(2)so...that....既可引导一个结果状语从句,也可引导一个目的状语从句。如:The claroom was so noisy that I could hardly study.I got up so early in the morning that I could catch the train.【考点扫描】

中考考点在本单元主要集中在: 1.过去将来时;

2.过去完成时; 3.动词不定式; 4.定语从句;

5.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型; 6.本单元学过的交际用语。

考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。【中考范例】

1.(2004年济宁市中考试题)

He wanted to know ______________.A.whether he speaks at the meeting

B.when the meeting would start B.what he’s going to do at the meeting

D.where would the meeting be held 【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。因为主句的时态是一般过去时,所以从句应用过去将来时,这就排除了A和B。宾语从句的时态应该 是陈述句的语序,所以只有B是对的。2.(2004年烟台市中考试题)

---Why didn’t you go to the movie yesterday?

---Because I ___________ it before.A.had watched

B.have seen

C.have watched

D.had seen 【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是动词的搭配以及现在完成时和过去完成时的用法区别。看电影习惯商用see a movie, 又因为说的昨天以前发生的事情,应该用过去完成时。只有D正确。3.(2004年重庆市中考试题)

---Did you win the football game?

---Bad luck.Our team __________ in the final one.A.won

B.beat

C.was won

D.was beaten 【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是动词搭配和动词的语态。动词win通常和比赛一类的词连用,不与人或队连用,因此可以排除A和C。beat是个及物动词,既然我们的运气不好,就是输了,应该用被动语态。4.(2004年广州市中考试题)

---Who is the man ________ was talking to our English teacher?

---Oh!It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.A.he

B.that

C.whom

D.which 【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是引导定语从句关系代词的选择。由于先行词是人,可以排除A和D。而该词在定语从句中作主语,只有B合适。

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