名词从句_英语名词从句
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名词从句(Noun Clauses）。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
1.连词：that（无任何词意）
whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）
as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）
2.连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.whichever,whomever
3.连接副词：when, where, how, why 二.主语从句
1.作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，和连接代词
what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
What he wants to tell us is not clear.Who will win the match is still unknown.It is known to us how he became a writer.Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.2.有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。
（1）It + be + 名词 + that(a pity, a shame, a strange thing, common knowledge…)
（2）It + be + 形容词 + that(strange, neceary, important,likely,…)
（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that(said, known, reported, announced,decided,…)
（4）It + 不及物动词 + that(happen, seem, appear, occur)
3.另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：
It is neceary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that …
It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that…
It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…
三、宾语从句
在句中作谓语动词或介词宾语的句子。
1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不 可省。He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.We must never think(that)we are good in everything and that others are good in nothing.2.在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。
I insist that she(should)do her work alone.The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.3.用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
I want to know what he has told you.She always thinks of how she can work well.She will give whoever needs help a warm support.4.注意时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。当主句动词是过去时态，从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。
The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．
The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：
We don’t think you are here.I don’t believe he will do so.6.在喜欢，憎恨，理解，感激等词后加宾语从句，先加it作形式宾语再加从句like, love, hate, dislike, prefer, appreciate..+it + clause;see to it that;take it for granted
I’d appreciate it if you help me.I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.7.think/ feel/ find/ make/ believe +it+adj/n+clause He made it clear that he wouldn’t change his mind.I found it hard that we made him change his attitude.8.It makes no/a difference +clause
It made no difference whether he would come or not.四、表语从句
1.表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + 从句。
The fact is that we have lost the game.That’s just what I want.This is where our problem lies.That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.固定句型：
（1）The reason why…/for…is /was that
(2)It looks/ seems/ appears as if/ though(3)It turned out that…
It looks as if it is going to rain.The reason why he was late was that he mied the train by one minute this morning.It turned out that it became a doctor.五、同位语从句
1.同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从 句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、meage、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
The news that we won the game is exciting.I have no idea when he will come back home.The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that 引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
名词从句注意的事项：
1.what 和that 的区分
what 既起连接作用，又充当成分，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；that只起连接作用，不充当成分，在主，宾，表从句中不省略。
(1).The village we see today is no longer ________it was ten years ago.(2).After months of voyage, Columbus arrived in_________later proved a new continent.(3).The trouble is __________we are short of hands.2.whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a.引导主语从句并在句首时；Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.b.引导表语从句时；
The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test? c.引导从句作介词宾语时；
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.d.从句后有“or not”时；
I wonder whether he will come or not.e.后接动词不定式时。
Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 3.重点句型
（1）What surprised/ frightened/ disappointed/attracted us most was that …（2）think/ believe/ feel/ find/ make +it +adj/n+clause（3）It is +n/adj/ved that / It happens/seems/appears/occurs that（4）It occurred to me that（5）It turned out that
（6）It makes no/ a difference +clause（7）like/love/ hate/ dislike/ prefer/ appreciate +it +clause
1.________that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A.It is said B.They are said C.It said D.It says
2._____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where
3.It worried Mary a lot _____ she would pa the college entrance examination.A.whether B.if C.that D.how
4.Shanghai has taken on a new look.It isn’t like _____ it used to be.A.what B.how C.that D.which
5.____ is no poibility ______ Bob will win the first prize in the match.A.There, that B.It, that C.There, whether D.It, whether
6.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before.A.that B.how C.what D.where
7.The old man smiled when he saw how pretty _____ up to be during the past few years.A.had his daughter grown B.would his daughter grow
C.his daughter would grow D.his daughter had grown
8.Have you seen Mary lately? My bo wants to know _______.A.how she is getting along B.how is she getting along
C.what she is getting along D.what is she getting along
9.____surprised me most was _____such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A.That;what B.What;that C.That;that D.What;what
10.These wild flowers are so special I would do ______ I can to save them.A.whatever B.which C.that D.whichever
11._____ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.The person
12.Eat _____ you like and leave the others for _____ comes in late.A.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever
13.___ she couldn’t understand was ____fewer and fewer students showed interest in her leons.A.What;why B.That;why C.What;because D.Why;that
14.It was ____ he said ___ disappointed me.A.What;that B.That;that C.What;what D.That;what
15.It was ordered that all the soldiers _______to the front.A.should send B.must be sent C.should be sent D.must go
16.The true value of life is not in ______, but _______.A.which we get;what give we B.what we get;what we give
C.which do we get;what do we give D.how we get;that we give
17.We are all for your suggestion that the discuion _______.A.be put off B.was put off C.should put off D.is to be put off
18.Go and get your coat．It's ____ you left it．
A.where B.there C.here where D.where there
19.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who
20.You can’t imagine ______ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they were
C.how excited were they D.they were how excited
名词性从句（87-2006）
1._____________ you have done might do harm to other people.(87)
A.That B.What C.Which D.This 2.They have no idea at all ____________.(87)
A.where he has gone
B.where did he go
C.which place he has gone D.where he had gone 3._____________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.(88)
A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 4.Upon graduation he asked to be sent to _______________.(88)
A.where he is most needed B.where he needed
C.where he is mostly needed D.where is he mostly needed 5.These photographs will show you _____________.(89)
A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like
C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 6.Can you make sure _____________ the gold ring?(90)
A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put
C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put 7.No one can be sure _____________ in a million years.(91)
A.what man will look like B.what will man look like
C.man will look like what D.what look will man like 8._____________ the Games will be held in Beijing is not known.(92)
A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That 9.It worried her a bit _____________ her hair was turning gray.(92)
A.what B.that C.if D.for 10._____________ you don’t like him is none of my busine.(92)
A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 11._____________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.(93)
A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter 12.He asked _____________ for the violin.(93)
A.did I pay how much
B.I paid how much
C.how much did I pay
D.how much I paid 13.— Do you remember ____________ he came?
— Yes, I do, he came by car.(94)
A.how B.when C.that D.if 14._________ _ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language.(95)
A.There B.This C.That D.It 15.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____________ shares her interests.(95)
A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 16.____________ we can’t get seems better than ____________ we have.(96)
A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what 17._____________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.(96)
A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 18.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____________ he or she wants.(97)
A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 19.___________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.(98)
A.What B.That C.How D.Where 20.It was a matter of ____________ would take the position.(98)
A.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever 21.— I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.— Is that ____________ you had a few days off?(99)A.why B.when C.what D.where 22.___________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.(99)
A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever 23.These wild flowers are so special I would do _____________ I can to save them.(00)
A.that B.which C.whichever D.whatever 24._____________ she couldn’t understand was _____________ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her leons.(00)
A.That;what B.What;why C.What;because D.Why;that 25.What the doctors really doubt is _____________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(01)
A.when B.how C.whether D.why 26._________ is no poibility ___________ Bob can win the first prize in the match.(01)
A.There;that B.It;that C.There;whether D.It;whether 27.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the mokey exactly ____________ he wants.(2002上海)
A.what B.which C.when D.that 28.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _________ road conditions need ____________.(2003上海)
A.that;to be improved B.which;to be improved
C.where;improving D.when;improving 29.— Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
— Oh, that’s ____________.(2003 北京春季)
A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about
C.how I feel about it
D.when I feel excited 30.We cannot figure out _______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.(2004 北京)
A.that B.as C.why D.when 31.I think Father would like to know ___________ I've been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.(04 湖南)
A.which
B.why C.what D.how 32.A modern city has been set up in ________ was a wasteland ten years ago.(04 天津)A.what
B.which C.that D.where 33.Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.(04广东)
A.that
B.how C.such D.so 34.The road is covered with snow.I can't understand ______they insist on going by motor-bike.(04)A.why B.whether C.when D.how 35.After Yang Li Wei succeeded in circling the earth, _______ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.(04上海)
A.where B.what C.that D.how 36.A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.(04上海)
A.when B.where C.what D.that 37.The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ________ I thought was a dangerous speed.(04上海春季)A.as B.which C.what D.that 38.Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether 39.Mary wrote an article on ________the team had failed to win the game.（05 北京）
A.why B.what C.who D.that 40.Danby left word with my secretary ____________ he would call again in the afternoon.(05 浙江)
A.who B.that C.as D.which 41.The way he did it was different _________we were used to.(05 江西)
A.in which
B.in what C.from what D.from which 42.I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made.(05 湖南)
A.what
B.that C.how
D.which 43.With his work completed, the busineman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action.(06 湖南)
A.which
B.that C.what D.whether 44.We haven't settled the question of ______________ it is neceary for him to study abroad.（06江苏）
A.if B.where C.whether D.that 45._________makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.（06辽宁）
A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever 46.See the flags on top of the building? That was _______we did this morning.（06全国I）
A.when B.which C.where D.what 47.Please remind me _____he said he was going.I may be in time to see him off.（06全国I）
A.where B.when C.how D.what 48.---What did your parents think about your decision?
---They always let me do _______ I think I should.（06全国III）
A.when B.that C.how D.what 49.Engines are to machines _________ hearts are to animals.（06山东）
A.as B.that C.what D.which 50.I just wonder __________ that makes him so excited.（06山东）
A.why it does B.what he does C.how it is D.what it is 51.One advantage of playing the guitar is _________ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.（06上海）
A.how
B.why
C.that
D.when 52.He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ________ his teammates had done.（06上海）
A.what B.which C.why D.while 53.---It’s thirty years since we last met.---But I still remember the story, believe it or not, __________ we got lost on a rainy night.（06四川）
A.which
B.that C.what D.when 54.There is much chance __________Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.（06天津）
A.that
B.which
C.until D.if 55.Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the cla ________he had to meet his uncle at the airport.（06重庆）
A.why
B.that
C.where
D.because 56.These shoes look very good.I wonder __________.（06上海春季）
A.how much cost they are
B.how much do they cost
C.how much they cost
D.how much are they cost 57.Doris' succe lies in the fact _________ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.（06上海春季）
A.which
B.that
C.when
D.why 58.---Could you do me a favor?
---It depends on ________it is.A.which
B.whichever
C.what D.whatever
答案：------5 BACAB 6------10 CACBC 11------15 ADADC 16------20 ABBAA 21-----25 ADDBC 26------30 AAAAC 31------35 CABAB 36-----40 DCBAB 41------45 CABCA 46------50 DBDCD 51-----55 CABAB 56------58 CBC
