新概念第二册第7课教学自学辅导_新概念第二册7课讲解

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新概念第二册 Leons 7 词汇学习 Word study 1.expect(1)vt., vi.预计,预料, 预期: expect + n/ pron/ that 从句

expect + somebody + to do预料某人会。。We expect a cold winter this year.我们预计今年冬天会冷。

We _____ ____ ____ ______ this year.我们预期今年夏天会很热。I _____ _____ home at nine.我预料他9点会回到家。

I _____ that we’ll succeed this time.我想这次我们一定会成功。

I _____ _____ _____ _____ soon.我预料他快来了。

Jim has failed in mathematics as his teacher expected.正如他老师所预料的那样,吉姆数学考试没及格。

(2)vt.等待,期待,盼望: expect to do 想要。。,打算要。。expect + n /that 从句

expect somebody to do期望。。做。。I ____ ______ __ _____ ____ from her.我正在等她的电话。

You should not ______ ___ _______.你不应该期待回报。

What do you _____ ___ ____ _____ ? 你期望我说些什么呢?

He ______ ____ _____ _______.他期待别人的帮助。

I'm expecting a letter from Jimmy.我在等待吉米的一封信。

They _____ ___ ______ tonight.今晚有人要去他们那里作客。

expect所表示的等待一般暗含着根据某些信息或规律而作出相应反应的意思,而wait(for)主要指“等待”这个动作本身:

He waited for her for more than an hour, but she did not come.他等了她一个多小时,但她没来。Wait a minute, please.请等一下。(3)vt.认为,猜想(一般用于口语): I expect(that)you are tired.I _____ ____ ____ ______ the news.我想你已经听到这个消息了。2.steal

(1)vt.vi.偷盗,行窃: steal something(from …)

Someone has ____ _____ ______.= My bike _____ _______ ________.有人把我的自行车偷走了。

John never steals.约翰从不偷东西。(2)vt.巧妙地占有,偷偷地弄到手: He has stolen away Mary's heart.他已赢得玛丽的芳心。

She _____ a glance at the man in the corner.她偷看一眼角落里的男人。

(3)vi.偷偷地行动,悄悄靠近: He stole into the room.他悄悄地进了房间。

The man _____ ____ ____ the building without anyone seeing him.这个男人在没有任何人发现的情况下溜出了大楼。

课文详注 Further notes on the text

1.…detectives were waiting at the airport all morning.……侦探们在机场等了整整一上午。

all 一般直接加表示时间的单数名词构成副词短语,如:all day(整整一天),all night(整夜),all week(整星期),all winter(整个冬天),all year(整年)等。但不说all hour。whole在表达同样的意思时一般要加冠词或数词,如:a whole day/ year(一整天/年),two whole weeks(整整两星期)。

2.…someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds.……有人向警方报告,说有人企图偷走这些钻石。that后面的部分为动词tell的宾语从句。从句中的时态为过去将来时:would + do。。过去将来时一般用于宾语从句中

He told me that ___ ____ _____ ____ the next year.他告诉我第二年他要出国。

3.When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield.当飞机到达时,一些侦探等候在主楼内,另一些侦探则守候在停机坪上。

(1)这个长句子由3个部分组成:when引导的是整个句子的时间状语从句;some of…building为主句;while 引导的是动作与主句的动作同时进行的时间状语从句。while作为连词表示“和……同时”、“当……时候”、“而。。”时常常引导一个过去进行时从句。

Some students ____ _____ _____ others are writing.一些学生在读书而另一些在写字。I was writing a letter _____ ___ ____ _____ last night.昨晚你睡觉的时候,我在写一封信。(2)地点状语 on the airfield 与第一句中的 at the airport 意义相近。注意介词on和at的不同搭配。

(3)some…others…表示“有些(人)……,也有些(人)……

Some…the others…有的……,其余的……: Some students are very hard-working;____ are not.有些学生非常用功;有些则不然。Some of the novels are interesting;____ ____ are not.在这些小说中,有些很有趣,其他的则不然。4.keep guard, 守望,警戒,与 stand guard(站岗,放哨)意思相近。

Two thieves ____ ______ around the house ______ the others entered it.两个小偷在屋子外面守着,而其他的则进了屋。

They kept a close guard over the thieves.他们对小偷们严加看管。

5.to their surprise, 令他们吃惊的是。这个短语中的所有格形容词their也可以换成其他所有格形容词:(much)to my/ his/our surprise等。一般不说 to your surprise.类似短语还有:

To one’s joy 令人高兴的是

to one’s disappointment令人失望的是 to one’s delight令人高兴的是 to one’s regret令人遗憾的是

to one’s relief令人放心的是 语法 Grammar in use

1.过去进行时(The past progreive tense)构成:was/ were+现在分词(注意现在分词的构成)

(1)过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时和一般过去时经常同在一个句子里使用。过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作或情况,一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。正在进行中的动作或情况往往由连词 when, while, as, just as(正当。。时)等引导,但也可以主句是过去进行时,从句是一般过去时:

While/ When/ As I ____ _____ the floor, I found your pen.我扫地的时候,发现了你的钢笔。

While/When I _____ _____ ___ _____ , the phone rang.我在读杂志的时候,电话响了。

I was reading a magazine when the phone rang.我正在读一本杂志,这时电话响了。We ____ ____ ____ the bus ____ it began to rain.我们正在等车,这时天下起雨来。注意:while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的,并且主句和从句可以同时用过去进行时,而when和as一般不这么用:

John ____ ______TV while his wife ____ _____ _____ a neighbour over the phone.当他的妻子和一位邻居在电话中聊天时,约翰一直在看电视。

Some students ______________________.有些学生在唱歌跳舞,而另一些则在吃喝。Just as I was opening the front door, the telephone rang.我正开前门的时候,电话铃响了。

____ __ I was leaving the house, you came in.= I ____ _____ the house _____ you came in.你进来的时候我正要出门。

When从句中的谓语可以是延续性动词也可以是非延续性的:

We were having supper _____ the lights went out.我们正在吃晚饭时灯灭了。

2)过去进行时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用,如all morning, all night, all day, all evening, the whole week等,表示这段时间一直在干什么:

They were preparing for the party for two whole days.整整两天他们一直在为晚会进行准备。He ____ _______ ____ _____ yesterday.昨天一整天他都在睡觉。

2.短语动词中的副词和介词: 在上一课的语法中已经提到,许多及物动词加上副词或不及物动词加上介词后就会改变词义。这些介词和副词通常被称为小品词。它们没有词形变化。有些小品词既可以作介词又可以作副词。判断一个小品词是副词还是介词要看小品词有没有带宾语。有宾语的是介词,没有宾语的是副词。介词的位置在名词前;而副词可以位于名词前,也可以位于名词后,但宾语如果是人称代词,就只能放在副词之前。I am looking for Tim.我在找蒂姆。(for为介词,位置不能变动)She looked after the baby.她照顾那孩子。(after为介词)He put the fire/ it out.=He ____ _____ the fire.他灭了火。(out为副词)

Mother woke the children/ them up.Mother _____ _____ the children.母亲把孩子们叫醒了。(up为副词)She took the picture/ it down.She _____ _____ the picture.她把画取了下来。(down为副词)Please turn the radio/ it off.Please _____ _____ the radio.请把收音机关掉。(off为副词)He turned it on.=He ______ _____ The TV.约翰打开了电视。(on为副词)Put the cake on the table.把蛋糕放在桌上。(on为介词)She is walking up the hill.她正向山上走去。(up为介词)

He gave away all his books(away为副词)= He ______ ____ _____ ______ _____.他捐献了自己所有的书籍。

请判断下列句子中的小品词是副词或是介词,并正确理解其含义:

1.He walked along the bank of the river.2.We walked along, enjoying the beautiful

flowers.3.She took the box down from the shelf.4.Please take down the picture.5.We drove down from New York to

Florida.6.Please write down your name on this

paper.7.The boy’s ball was rolling down the road.那个小男孩的球沿着那条路滚过去。8. Help me to lift up this table.答案: 词汇学习:

Expect: expect a hot summer;expect him;expect;expect him to come;am expecting a phone call;expect a reward;expect me to say;expected to be helped;are expecting guests;expect you have heard;

Steal: stolen my bike;has been stolen;stole;stole out of

课文:2.he would go abroad;3.are reading while;While/When you were sleeping;others…the others;4.kept guard, while;

语法:1.was sweeping;was reading a magazine;were waiting for…when;was watching…was talking with;were dancing and singing while others were eating and driving;Just as;was leaving…when;when;was sleeping all day

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