四级作文开头结尾_英语四级作文开头结尾

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(1)开头段

不写引言，直接摆出论点句，开头显得很突兀;把题目中的说明部分照单全抄，这种做法很容易引起评卷人反感。以2000年作文题“The Importance of Extracurricular Activities”为例，介绍应试作文中几种有效的开头方法。

(1)引语法：引用名言、格言或谚语，来吸引读者的注意力。

As the saying goes, “variety is the spice of life.” Although college students’ major task is study, study is by no means the only thing in their life.In fact, various extracurricular activities should serve as the spice of college life.What is more, extracurricular activities are important to college students’ personal growth.(2)定义法：对文章主题中的关键词加以界定，借此引发讨论。

What are extracurricular activities? Are they simply what students do after cla in their spare time ? No, extracurricular activities are school-based activities organized by teachers or students themselves with an aim to develop the students’ interests and improve their all-around abilities.Naturally, part-time jobs are not extracurricular activities.In my opinion, extracurricular activities not only make college life more colorful but are important to college students’ personal growth.(3)举例法： 简单讲述轶闻趣事或经典笑话，或叙述自己或他人生活中的亲身经历，但必须紧扣主

题，言简意赅。

Once when a computer engineer was invited by our department to talk about the secrets of his succe, he mentioned that it was in the extracurricular interest group organized by his middle school that first inspired his interest in computer and launched him to his future career while computer was far le popular at that time.Meanwhile, he expreed his regret that extracurricular activities are rare in our university.Indeed, as college students, extracurricular activities cannot afford to be dispensed with.In my opinion, extracurricular activities are important to college students’ personal growth.(4)提问法：提出一个或一连串有争议的问题，引起读者思考。

Should extracurricular activities be neglected in college? Of course not.Then what kind of a role do extracurricular activities play in college students’ life? In my opinion, extracurricular activities not only make college life more colorful but are important to college students’ personal growth.(5)阐述背景：简明地提供话题出现的背景。

Extracurricular activities have always been an important aspect of college life.However, at present, the extracurricular activities organized by our university are far from satisfactory.As many students have lost interest in these activities, they find college life boring and monotonous.In my opinion, a university cannot afford to neglect extracurricular activities because they not only make college life more colorful but are important to college students’ personal growth.(6)树立靶子。

Quite a few people hold the view that since college students are almost independent adults, extracurricular activities or no extracurricular activities hardly make any difference to their life.However, in my opinion, extracurricular activities are important to college students’ personal growth.(7)摆出两种观点。

College students hold different attitude toward extracurricular activities.Some think that since their main task is study, these activities are a waste of time;whereas others take an active part in extracurricular activities.I belong to the second group, because I believe extracurricular activities are important to college students’ personal growth.(2)结尾段

结尾由“总结句+引申”组成。总结句是对全文观点的归纳和对中心思想的重申，可以参考论点句和主题句，换种说法将其再现。总结句单独成段会使结尾显得单薄。有时需要引申, 但不要空洞的口号，也不要添加中心思想以外的句子或出现新观点。以下介绍几种引申部分常用的写法。

(1)首尾呼应法：与引言部分内容呼应

与 “开头方法”例3呼应：In brief, considering the above-mentioned advantages, extracurricular activities should remain an important aspect of college life.As more and more teachers and students are beginning to realize their importance, next time the computer engineer comes to our campus, he will most likely be impreed by our colorful life and various activities.(2)建议希望法：针对现象提出建议或希望

In brief, considering the above-mentioned advantages, extracurricular activities should remain an important aspect of college life.I hope the university can provide us with more choices in our extracurricular activities in the near future.(3)后果预测法：预测所讨论的现象或问题可能产生的后果(积极/消极)

In brief, considering the above-mentioned advantages, extracurricular activities should remain an important aspect of college life.I believe, with more and better extracurricular activities, we will live a healthier and richer life on campus.(3)正文扩展

正文部分再分两到三个层次论述，每个层次都是由“主题句+支持句”构成。支持句是用来说明主题句、提供充分论据和具体细节的若干句子。下面以99年试题为例重点介绍如何通过支持句来扩展主题句。

Topic sentence: “Advertising on television has a great influence on consumer behavior.”

(1)经历举例法

Take me for example.I first learned the brand of shampoo “Rejoice” from a TV advertisement.I was greatly impreed by the way the meage was conveyed---the confident girl on her way to realizing her goal of becoming an aeronautics engineer, and her beautiful cascade of black, shiny hair.I decided to have a try then and there, and as you can imagine, I have remained faithful to this brand ever since.(2)调查数据法

Statistics from a consumer survey reveal that 65% of those who bought “Haier” products were actually prompted by their advertisements of various forms to try this brand and 45.5% among them by TV advertisements.(3)类比对比法

The effect of TV advertisements is just like that of a salesperson pushing a product in the supermarket.In face of such strong force of promotion, we really find it difficult to resist the temptation to have a try.Almost without thinking, we accept the commodity handed over to us with exaggerated enthusiasm and put it into our shopping cart.(4)因果论证法

Since TV appeals to our senses of sight and hearing with its vivid images, bright colors and pleasing melodies, advertisements on television usually leave a deep impreion on our mind.When we hesitate before a full shelf of various brands of commodities of the same kind, a familiar brand-name drummed into the depth of our mind so blatantly may well surface just in time.(5)反正归谬法

Some people claim that they can never be influenced, as they hate TV ads, which interrupt their entertainment at the most unsuitable moment.Then if they are asked to give an example of such nuisance, they may well tattle quite a few.Well, since they “cherish” such a deep impreion of these brand-names, who can be sure that one of these will not come to their mind at a critical moment in the supermarket?