祈福英语实验学校托福考试辅导材料四_祈福英语实验学校学费

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祈福英语实验学校托福考试辅导材料四托福综合写作四大“必杀技”很多初次接触考试的学生总是非常担心写作的综合写作部分，也就是我们说的小作文。他们 常提出这样的疑问： “怎么考得这么变态啊? 读了又听再写!”其实大家完全不必为此如此焦 虑，等看完下面的文章，读完下面的四大必杀技，我相信你一定会豁然开朗!首先，summarize，也就是概括阅读和听力文章的主要内容和各三个分论点。这其实就是 Introduction 要写的内容，掌握了概括，第一段就不成问题咯!其次，Paraphrase，也就是改写。掌握好了改写句子，你写起文章来将会感觉到如鱼得 水，游刃有余。改写其实主要有下面的两种方法： 第一，使用不同的词汇 a.使用同义词，比如以下的一些写作高频词汇的同义词，你一定要掌握，出现的尤为频 繁。important→eential, crucial, vital, significant, think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figure out nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years, these days b.改变词性，这是一种稍微难一些的方法，要求你的语法基础非常好，你才能灵活自如 的运用。n.→ v.Eg：When we look at a comparison between A and B… When we compare A and B… Adj.→ n.There are a variety of solutions to the problem.There are various solutions to the problem.c.使用不同的承接词。承接词在文章当中的使用相当频繁，不仅是段落和段落的连接，还包括句子和句子的连接。背住一些常用的承接词比你的改写将会有极大的作用。because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for but → however, neverthele, nonethele, whereas so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently d.形容词的逆向表达。在某些形容词上进行修改，会达到非比寻常的效果。Eg: not as easy as…→more difficult than… Not uncommon→common The cheapest → the least expensive 第二，使用不同的句型 a.改变词序。这是非常简单的一种方法，完全不用动脑筋就可以进行改写。常常将句子 中的状语(包括状语从句)换位置。Eg: For many years, people have believed ….→People believed… for many years.After this programs has been solved, work on … can continue.b.主动语态和被动语态的互相替换 Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.→This research was performed by trained scientists.c.使用“there be” 句型，可以将一个简单句，马上变成一个加入定语从句或者分词的复 杂句。Eg: Several computer programs can be used to solve this problem.→There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.d.定语从句，分词和插入语的互相替换 Eg: Study…, conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that… 或→Study…, whi

c.使用不同的承接词。承接词在文章当中的使用相当频繁，不仅是段落和段落的连接，还包括句子和句子的连接。背住一些常用的承接词比你的改写将会有极大的作用。because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for

but → however, neverthele, nonethele, whereas

so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently

d.形容词的逆向表达。在某些形容词上进行修改，会达到非比寻常的效果。Eg: not as easy as…→more difficult than…

Not uncommon→common

The cheapest → the least expensive

第二，使用不同的句型

a.改变词序。这是非常简单的一种方法，完全不用动脑筋就可以进行改写。常常将句子中的状语(包括状语从句)换位置。

Eg: For many years, people have believed ….→People believed… for many years.After this programs has been solved, work on … can continue.b.主动语态和被动语态的互相替换Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.→This research was performed by trained scientists.c.使用“there be” 句型，可以将一个简单句，马上变成一个加入定语从句或者分词的复杂句。Eg: Several computer programs can be used to solve this problem.→There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.或There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.d.定语从句，分词和插入语的互相替换

Eg: Study…, conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…

→Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…

Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has…

→This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…

接下来，Cite，即引用。综合写作乃客观写作，只是一个旁观者的角度对这两篇文章的内容进行描述，因此，某观点是出自哪篇文章一定要说清楚。所以，下面的这些句型在综合写作中必不可缺。

a.According to+noun.Eg: According to the paage/lecture/author/profeor,…

b.Subject+verbs of reporting +that clause

Eg: The author tells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues/states/indicates/claims/points out/thinks/believes that…

或The speaker agrees/disagrees/rejects/disputes/challenges/takes a different view….c.As is indicated/displayed/illustrated in the paage/lecture,...最后，Synthesize，也就是连接。具体来讲，就是承接词的使用是相当重要的，将文章当中的重要信息连接起来，体现作者对于两篇文章的理解正确，说明作者的思路清楚。由于综合写作是对两篇文章的比较，所以下面表对比和递进的承接词使用的最频繁。

a.Transitional words showing contrast: however, on the other hand, in contrast, on the contraryb.Transitional words showing addition: moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides, as well现在，是不是感觉清晰很多了呢?也没有那么惧怕综合写作了呢?我相信，只要你掌握了上述四大技巧，综合写作对你来说将不再是个难以跨越的关口。