科普篇(山东高考作文分类阅读)_高考作文分类专项

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D

（11山东）

Since the 1970s，scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.Brain-computer interface(BCI)technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently，two researchers，Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne，Switzerland，demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts.In the laboratory，Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“Our brain has billions of nerve ceils.These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move.But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，” Tavella says.“Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”

The researchers designed a special cap for the user.This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮)and sends them to a computer.The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair.The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path.They help the computer react to commands from the brain.Prof.Millan，the team leader，says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands.“The practical poibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories：communication，and controlling devices.One example is this wheelchair.”

He says his team has set two goals.One is testing with real patients，so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.71．BCI is a technology that can ______.A．help to update computer systems

B．link the human brain with computers C．help the disabled to recover

D．control a person's thoughts 72．How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory? A．By controlling his muscles.B．By talking to the machine.C．By moving his hand.D．By using his mind.73．Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5? A．scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair

B．computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair C．scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair

D．cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair 74．The team will test with real patients to ______.A．make profits from them

B．prove the technology useful to them C．make them live longer

D．learn about their physical condition 75．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Switzerland，the BCI Research Center

B．New Findings about How the Human Brain Works C．BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled D．Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries

D（12山东）

For those who are tired of doing the laundry，Samsung has found an answer：a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app（application）．

Strange though it may seem—“my wife already does that”was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show（CES）this week—Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install（安装）a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them“smart.”

Last year，it was a refrigerator that tweeted.This year，it's Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.The washers and dryers，available starting in the spring，connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application.The phone can then be used as a remote control，so the machines can be turned on and off while their owner is at work or on the bus.Samsung says it's not just something new—the app connection actually has some practical uses.“If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out，you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home，so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go，”said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.The company also says that with electricity rates（电价）varying depending on the time of day，more control over when the machines are used can help save money.Perhaps，but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do—enable lazine.Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done，users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.72．What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES? A．The machine will be a big succe.B．Their wives like doing the laundry.C．The machine is unrelated to their life.D．This kind of technology is familiar to them.73．What can we learn about the new laundry machines? A．They can tell you when your clothes need washing.B．They can be controlled with a smartphone.C．They are difficult to operate.D．They are sold at a low price.74．We can conclude from Samsung's statements that ______.A．the app connection makes life easier

B．it is better to dry clothes in the morning C．smartphones can shorten the drying time

D．we should refresh clothes back at home 75．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The laundry should be frequently checked.B．Lazy people like using such machines.C．Good technologies also cause problems.D．Television may help do the laundry.C（13山东）

You can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella.But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.That’s why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain sensing umbrella.The designer says he come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Ruia.“Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street ad saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain.I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞蓬)built into a street lamp.” he said.The Lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy.It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand.Sensors(传感器)then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.In addition to the rain sensor, there’s also a 360°motion sensor on the fibergla street lamp which detects whether anyone’s using the Lampbrella.After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians.Besides, it would be grounded to protect from poible lighting strike.Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people.Being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.While there are no plans to take lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation on Moscow Department, and insists this creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.66.For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella? A.To predict a heavy rain

B.To check the weather forecast C.To protect people from the rain

D.To remind people to take an umbrella 67.What do we know from Belyacv’s words in Paragraph2? A.His creation was inspired by an experience

B.it rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg C.Street lamps are protected by canopies

D.He enjoyed taking walks in the rain 68.Which of the following show how the lampbrella works? A.motor→canopy→sensors

B.Sensors→motor→canopy C.motor→sensors→canopy

D.canopy→motor→sensors 69.What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella? A.Its moving speed B.Its appearance

C.Its installation D.Its safety 70.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.The designer will open a company to promote his product B.The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production C.The designer is confident that his creation is practical D.The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow