民航运输管理专业英语货运部分总结_民航货物运输总结

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货物划分种类的标准 货物需求的特点（货物本身的特点，需求特点）

 Goods with ultra-high value in relation to their weight are also normally carried by air

primarily because of the much higher security offered. Routine freight:the shipper’ s decision to use air transport is basedon an aement

of available transport options and is not a response to a sudden and unexpected problem. Routine freight is divided into perishable and non-perishable freight. The commercial life for perishables is short and the gap between producer and

consumer must be bridged before that the commercial life expires. In the case of perishables, the market for them is that dependent on air transport. The demand for air freight is fairly price sensitive. Routine non-perishable freight is shipped by airbecause higher transport costs are

more than offset by savings in other elements of distribution costs. The savings include documentation and insurance costs, packaging, ground collection,delivery and handling. Routine non-perishable freight consists of fragile high-value goods as well as semi-

manufacture goodsneeded in various production procees. Non-perishable freight is le price sensitive than perishable freight, but is responsive to

the total distribution costs of air transport. The air freight remains very heterogeneous with a wide range of different manufactured

and semi-manufactured goods, raw materials and agricultural products that may have little in common. Another aspect of this heterogeneity is that freight comes in all shapes, sizes, densities

and weights, there is no standard unit or size for a freight consignment or any standard unit of space.