不定代词和不定副词的用法总结_不定代词的用法总结

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A.不定代词的用法总结英语中,不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫

做不定代词。一般有以下几组:1)some, any, no2)somebody, anybody, nobodysomeone, anyone, no one(注意不要连写)something, anything, nothing3)one, none4)all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both5)everybody, everyone, everything6)many, much, few, little, a few, a little, a lot of, lots of1)some, any, no的用法a.some和any通常用于表示不定数或不定量,修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。some表示“几个;一些;部分”,多用于肯定句里表示肯定的意思;而any表示“一些;什么;任何;”,对用于否定句或疑问句中表示否定或疑问的意思。如:* He asked me some questions.(他问了我几个问题。)* Some of us don’t like the music in this movie.(我们当中的一些人不喜欢这部电影里的音乐。)* Some of the bread has been eaten.(面包已吃了一些。)* Are there any stamps in this post office?(这

个邮局里有邮票吗?)* I didn’t have any cigarettes, so I went out to buy some.(我没有香烟了,所以出去买了一些。)b.刚才我们说some一般用于肯定句而any一般用于否定句和疑问句。但有时也有例外。这要根据句子意思来看。如:* I could not answer some of his questions.(我不能回答他的某些问题。)(some用在否定句中表示“一些;部分”。如果说成:I could not answer any of hisquestions.意思就变了,它表示“我不能回答他的任何问题。”)* Will you get me some apples on your way back?(在你回来的路上可以给我带一些苹果吗?)(some用在疑问句中大多表示“请求” 或“建议”)* Let me know if you hear any news.(如果你有任何消息请告诉我。)(any用在条件从句中表示“任何”)* “What would you like to drink?” “Any will do.”(“你想喝什么?”“哪种都行。”)(any在这里表示“任何”)c.no在句子中作定语,表示否定,意思是“没有;不是”,它可以修饰可数名词的单数和复数形式或不可数名词。如:2* There are no letters for you today.(今天没有你的信。)* I have no money at the moment.Could you lend me some?(我现在没有钱。你能借我一些吗?)2)复合不定代词的用法a.不定代词some, any, no与-one,-body,-thing可以组成九个复合代词。它们是:someone

anyoneno onesomebodyanybodynobodysomethinganythingnothing这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等。b.因为some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句或疑问句,no表示完全否定,因此由some, any, no与-one,-body组成的复合代词的用法也一样。* Did you meet anyone on your way home?(在回家的路上你遇见什么人吗?)* I am sure someone will come to help us.(我坚信会有人来帮助我们的。)* I am a stranger.I know nobody here.(我是一个陌生人,我不认识这里的任何人。)c.第二部分为-one和-body的复合代词只能用于表示人,它们的形式是单数形式,但有时可以用they或them指代。如:* There is someone in your office.Can you hear them talking?(你办公室里有人。你听见他们说话了吗?)(them指代someone)* No one was kinder to me at that time than Rose.(那时,没有一个人比Rose对我更好。)d.第二部分为-thing的复合代词只能用于指物。如:* There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it.* Why don’t you say something to me?* He looked at me and didn’t say anything.* Nothing can be done to save her life.e.这些复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰,形容词必须后置。如:* Somebody important has arrived, I’m sure.(important修饰somebody)* Is there anything interesting on TV tonight?(interesting修饰anything)3)one和none的用法none的用法我们已经在前面几讲中提过,这里就不详细说了。不

定代词one指代可数名词的单数,即可以指人,也可以指物。它的复数形式是ones。在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语等。如: * He is not the one who is easily cheated.(one

指人)* I’ve made some cakes.Would you like one of them?(one指物)* I prefer red roses to white ones.(ones指物)* Are they the ones who moved here a few days ago?(ones指人)4)all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, botha.every只有

形容词的性质,在句子中作定语。常用于修饰单数的可数3名词。表示“每个;

各个”,还可以表示“一切”。如:* After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone.* Every time I ring you up, your mother answers it.* I shall do my best to help you in every way.(我将尽用一切办法帮助你。)every还可以和-one,-thing,-body构成复合不定代词,即:everyone, everything, everybody。其中,everyone

和everybody用于指人,意思一样,都是“每人;大家”,形式上表示单数意思上可以表

示单数也可以表示复数。everything用于指物,意思是“每件事;一切”,形式上表示单

数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。如:* One can’t have everything.* Everything goes well with me.* The town is so small that everybody knows everybody else.注意:在使用everyone时要注意和every one相区别。everyone是一个不

定代词而every one是一个词组,前者只能指人而后者既可以指人也可以指物。请注意

下列例句:* Everyone will be here except Patrick.(everyone 指人)* Every one of the children will get a gift.(every one也指人)*We played several matches against the visitors, but unluckily lost every one.(every one指物)b.each的意思是“每个;各自的”,可以指人,也可以指物。如:* I leave home at 7 a.m.each day.* On each floor there are about twenty clarooms.* Each

of them has received a letter.由于each和every的意思相近,都表示“每一个”,因此要特别注意它们的区别。each所描述的对象至少是两个数目中的每一个,而every

所描述的对象至少是三个数目中的每一个;every着重强调整体的含义而each着重强调

个别;every只能作形容词放于名词前而each可以作形容词、代词和副词

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