总结英语常见的音标与发音1_英语发音及音标总结

总结英语常见的音标与发音1由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“英语发音及音标总结”。

汉语：

声母一共是23个：b p m f d t n l g k h j q x zh ch sh r z c s y w 韵母：6个单韵母：a o e i u v8个复韵母：ai ei ui ao ou ui ie ve一个特殊韵母：er 5个前鼻音韵母：an en in un vn4个后鼻音韵母：ang eng ing ong 整体认读音节一共是16个：zhi chi shi ri zi ci si yi wu yu ye yue yuan yin yun ying我们的教学要求是能够熟练拼读音节，就可以了。

英语：48个英语音标和26个英语字母：

单音节：有一个音节构成的单词 如 big face teach 双音节：由两个音节构成的单词 如 china teacher 多音节：由三个或以上的音节构成的单词

remember neceary

单音节一般重读，双音节和多音节至少有一个音节重读。用'标注。

√ 开音节：1 绝对： 辅音+元音 单个元音字母后没有辅音字母的重读音节 如 no she he we 特殊（try by dry fly）

相对：辅音/元音+元音+辅音+e 一个元音字母后加单个辅音字母，在加一个不发音元音字母e。（以e结尾的）Name these bike home

以元音字母结尾的音节叫做开音节。在开音节中，元音字母发他们本身的音。a e i（y）o u 闭音节： 辅音/元音+元音+辅音/元音+ 辅音+ 辅音

单个元音字母后又辅音字母组成的 重读音节（r w y 除外）如 bag draw begin

（1）元音字母在开音节中的发音： 就是字母本身的发音。如 take，age，eve these time ice home bone use huge 16 个辅音字母的发音h 在某些单词中不发音：如 hour honor 2 n 在音素［k］前发［长ｎ］ 如ink thank uncle 1 B be bake tude bone bite bride brake 2 P pile pipe pine plane hope tape 3 T tape time take tube type tone date fate plate 4 D date dive hide wide bride dove fade 5 K kite bike like lake bake wake snake kate 6 G F fate life wife fine fly fame flame frame 8 V vote five dive eve 9 H home he hi hate 10 J joke jeep just joy jack 11 L like late lame line life hole pole pale apple 12 M mate mine male lame time fame 13 N name no note nine fine bone line stone 14 R rape role ride rope rate pride prize fry 15 W we wake wave woke wife 16 Y yes yellow you your 17 Z zone zoo prize 元音字母在重读闭音节字母的发音

A [ei] e [e]

i[i] 0[э：] u[反v] 如果a前面是音素【W】a 发【э】want watch what quantity wash

辅音字母在单词中的发音： C 主要两种 【s】 【k】

在字母e，i、y前发【s】：nice mice face city cycle

在其他情况下 发【k】 cake coke close cube crime G 发【dﻍ】和【g】

在字母e、i、y前发【dﻍ】 page hge age biology giraffe

在其他情况下发【g】 go gate grade globe big bag S 发音【s】 【z】

一般词首发【s】 sit study so side

在清辅音钱发【s】（发音时声带不震动的音）vest risk grasp

Ss发【s】 mi le

在元音后发【s】【z】都有 us plus this gas base 【z】is as nose close X 发音【ks】 【gz】

发【ks】为主 box six text except exercise

发【gz】很少 exam exact exist example

Q 总是与字母u一起出现一起发音：【kw】 quite quilt quit quick question

开音节与闭音节对比读音

No-not-note,fate-fat, site-sit, hop-hope,hide-hid, hat-hate, quit-quite,bite-bit, win-wine, plane-plan, rid-ride, no-on

元音字母与字母-r 结合的发音：ar【a：】 or【э：】 er、ir、ur【З：】 如 car arm for born storm her serve herb girl bird skirt fur burn burst 多音节中也适用。但是其后面的重读r-音节后面紧接着元音字母（y当元音）或r+元音字母，则按闭音节发音。如：cigar important university

very mary forest carry hurry sorry carrot Ar前是音素【w】时发【э：】 war warm warn quarter Or前 是音素[w]时发 【反ê：】word work world worse worst

辅音字母组合发音练习：

Ch【k】 back luck clock duck sick jacket Ch【t∮】 charge check much church china [k]school christmas chemistry chemical chemist Tch[【t∮】 match watch kitchen catch fetch Sh 【∮】 ship shop shut short shirt fish

tap-tape,us-use, Ph[f] phone phrase photo physics telephone Gh【-】 eight weigh high light caught [f] enough cough laugh Th[Θ] think thank math thick thin three tenth [ð] this these those them the with father Wh【 w】 which when what where white while 【h】 who whose whom whole Ng 【η】 sing sang sung song bring long strong singer 【ηg】 angry english longest stronger 【ηdЗ】change strange Tr【tr】 truck trick strike track trade trap Dr【dr】 drive drove dre dry drop Ts【ts】cats its that’s Ds【dz】 hands beds birds yards Mb词尾【m】 bomb comb tomb climb Kn词首【n】 knife know knew knee Wr【r】 write wrong wrap wrist wrinkle Gu【g】 guide guard 非重读音节元音字母发音

在不重读音节中一般来说a o u ar or er ir ur都发【ə】y发【i】；如 china，better，beside，important 两个元音字母间的辅音字母归属问题、i、e 两个元音字母间有一个辅音字母的，往往属于后面的音节；两个元音字母间有两个相同的或非组合的辅音字母，前一个属于前面，后一个属于后面；两个元音字母间有三个辅音字母的情况很少的。Super supper later latter 元音之间有两个相同辅音字母的，前面重读音节是闭音节。多音节的无法按以上规律分析，比如第一个音节重读的三个音节的单词，重读音节大多按照闭音节规律发音，辅音字母属于第一音节。如 elephant element general。

多音节中，重读音节前面还有两个以上音节时，还要出现次重读音节，（与重读音节隔了一个音节），元音字母在次重读音节中与重读音节相同。如 invi'tation insti'tution 元音字母在重读音节或者非重读音节中的特殊发音

U 在重读开音节中发【u：】如 june july junior rule ruler ruin true pollute U 在重读闭音节中发【u】如 bush butcher full push put U 在非重读音节中发【ju】如 popular calculate monument U 在非重读音节中发【ju：】 menu value educate communicate U 在非重读形容词ful中发【u】 thankful careful hopeful 字母o 的其他发音

1重读开闭音节中【u：】 do to lose move shoe whose 2【u】whom wolf woman 3【反v】 come love none front

相对开音节少数特殊的发音少数词根或非合成词按非重读音节读音(闭音节）：如 opposite，medicine,examine,engine,determine,practice.2 少数a和age发【i】 如chocolate necklace fortunate comrade climate accurate 3-tive 词根发【tive】-sive发【sive】如 active paive native sensitive 4 e 在非重读音节或词根中发【ə】 如-ment，-ent，ence，en。

含有元音字母的常见字母组合发音 Are【εə】 care share prepare Air【εə】 air hair chair fair upstair Ear【iə】 ear dear near fear appear

[ə:]early earn earth

[εə] pear tear bear

[a:] heart Ire[aiC] fire hire require Ere[iə】 here atmosphere

[ﻍə] there where Ore [э:] score bore store shore more ignore Ure[juə] sure pure cure

Ture [t∮ə]picture agriculture temperature future Sure [Зə] treasure pleasure Eer [iə】 cheer beer volunteer Oor [э:] door floor [uə】 poor Our 【auə] our hour flour [o:] four your mourn [ə] neighbour colour

[uə] tour

[ə:] journey journalist

Au [o:] cause applaud august autumn [o] because Augh [o:] caught taught daughter naughty Aw [o:] law draw straw raw dawm Ai [ei] afraid wait fail rain train

[e] said

[ə] curtain [i] captain mountain Ay [ei] day today may pay Al [o:] all tall fall ball small [a:] half calm palm

[əl] festival several natural medical

labour honour

[O:l] always also salt A[a:s] cla gla pa bra Ast[a:st] fast last past cast Ance [a:ns] dance glance advance Ea [i:] tea team seat read bean [e] ready weather breakfast head

[ei] great break steak

[iə] real idea Ee [i:] bee green three sleep keep

[ Ey [ei] they obey grey

[i:] key keyboard Ei [i:] receive seize

[ai] neither either Eigh [ei] eight neighbor height weigh weight Ew [ ju:] new few knew

[u:] flew drew crew chew Ie [i:] piece niece thief relief chief

[aiə] science variety quiret diet [ai] die lie tie pie

[ e] friend Igh

[ai] high light right bright night sight flight Oa [əu] coat boat goat coast throat soap road load

[o:] broad Oar

[o:]

board aboard blackboard Oi

[эi] noise oil soil voice join point choice Oy [oi] boy joy toy employ Oo [ u:] cool pool food zoo too school moon noodle [ u] book look cook took good wool foot [v反] blood flood Ou [au] out about house found mouth mouse ground [v反】 young country double touch enough [ u:] you group [əu] soul shoulder

Ough [o:] tought ought brought fought

[u:] through

[əu] though although

[反vf] rough enough Ow [au] cow how however flower down

[əu] know snow slow low show

town borrow

英语字母及字母组合的发音规则

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母 读 音 例 词 a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母 读 音 例 词

a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp gla fast father i在-nd-ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st-ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母 读 音 例 词

a [E]E China another woman breakfast orange comrade village cabbage e [E] hundred student open weekend chicken pocket begin children i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise satellite

o [E] second tonight somebody welcome [Eu] also zero photo u [E] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February iue 在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。

四、-r音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合 读 音 例 词

ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener [C:] warm quarter towards

or在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short [E:] word worker worse

er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五、-re音节元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合 读 音 例 词

are [εE] care dare hare ere [iE] here mere ire [aiE] fire hire wire ore [C:] more score before ure [juE] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure 重读元音字母加R，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母R读[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：Orange very American paragraph

六、元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

元音字母组合 读 音 例 词

ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play air [εE] air hair chair pair repair alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all [C:l] always also salt almost [α:] half calm

au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw ea [i:] teach easy cheap please [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great

ear [iE] hear dear near clear year [εE] bear pear wear swear [E:] earth learn early ee [i:] jeep week green three eer [iE] pioneer deer beer ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew jewelry

ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet oo [u:] broom food tooth school book look cook foot good

ou/ow [au] flower house count down [ou] know row throw though [∧] young country enough [u:] group you soup our [C:] course your four [auE] our hour ours [E:] journey

ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音

元音字母组合或字群读音例词

ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbor serious famous biscuit coffee-sion-tion [Fn] impreion nation

-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion-sten [sn] listen-stle [sl] whistle

-sure [VE] pleasure measure-ture [tFE] picture culture

八、元音字母组合在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字母组合仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]

有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜

九、辅音字母组合的读音

辅音字母组合 读 音 例 词

b bike bus bag [/] bomb tomb

cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music [s] face decide cinema ch [tF] much chick rich teacher [k] school headache chemistry [F] machine

-ck [k] cock pocket black knock d [d] doctor bread hand day-dge [dV] bridge fridge dr-[dr] children driver drink f [f] five four breakfast gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go [dV] orange large German gh [f] cough enough [/] light daughter high

gu--guegu在非重读音节中 [^] gue league dialogue [^w] language anguish h [h] hot head house hand [/] hour honest

j [dV] jeep jar joke join July k [k] kind bike skate make week kn-[n] knife know knock l [l] life milk school tall m [m] monkey come autumn-mn [m] autumn column solemn nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note [N] uncle thank hungry-ng [N] morning young wrong p [p] paper plane pig ship pen ph [f] elephant photo telephone q [k] Iraq

qu-[kw] quality quite r [r] red rubber ruler

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk [z] music husband sc-[sk] scarlet [s] muscle science sh [F] she fish shirt wash

t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet [F] patient nation tch [tF] watch

th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the-ther中 [θ] thin thirty method [T] the these with than [T] clothe fathe r weather tr-[tr] tree train country truck v [v] very voice love leave w [w] week win wake sweet wait [/] Answer two

wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why [h] who whose whole

x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise [gz] example exist exact wr-[r] write

y-[j] yes yard yellow young z [z] puzzle zero zoo