人教版初一英语下册知识点总结_初一英语知识点总结

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初一英语下册知识点归纳总结

【知识梳理】 I.重点短语 1.a bottle of 2.a little 3.a lot(of)4.all day 5.be from 6.be over 7.come back 8.come from 9.do one’s homework 10.do the shopping 11.get down 12.get home 13.get to 14.get up 15.go shopping 16.have a drink of 17.have a look 18.have breakfast 19.have lunch 20.have supper 21.listen to 22.not„at all 23.put„away 24.take off 25.throw it like that 26.would like

15.We / They have some CDs.We / They don’t have any CDs.16.---What day is it today / tomorrow?---It’s Monday.17.---May I borrow your colour pens, please?---Certainly.Here you are.18.---Where are you from?---From Beijing.19.What's your telephone number in New York? 20.---Do you like hot dogs?---Yes, I do.(A little./ A lot./ Very much.)---No, I don't.(I don't like them at all.)21.---What does your mother like?---She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.22.---When do you go to school every day?---I go to school at 7:00 every day.23.---What time does he go to bed in the evening?---He goes to bed at 10:00.IV.重要语法 1.人称代词的用法; 2.祈使句;

3.现在进行时的构成和用法; 4.动词have的用法; 5.一般现在时构成和用法;

6.可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法

【名师讲解】

1.That's right./ That‘s all right./ All right.That’s right意为“对的”,表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为,肯定对方的答案或判断。

do cooking 作“做饭”解,属泛指。do the cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking为动名词,不能用作复数,但前面可用 some, much修饰。从do some cooking可引出许多类似的短语:do some washing 洗些衣服do some shopping 买些东西do some reading 读书do some writing 写些东西do some fishing 钓鱼

从以上短语可引申出另一类短语,不能用some, much或定冠词。

go shopping 去买东西go fishing 去钓鱼go boating 去划船go swimming 去游泳 5.like doing sth./ like to do sth.like doing sth.与like to do sth.意思相同,但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动作的习惯性和经常性;后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如:

He likes playing football, but he doesn‘t like to play football with Li Ming.他喜欢踢足球,但是他不喜欢和李明踢。6.other/ others/ the other/ another other表其余的,别的,如:Have you any other questions?你还有其他问题吗? others 别的人,别的东西.如:In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是美国人,其他的是法国人。

the other表另一个(二者之中)one„,the other„如:One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。another表三者以上的另一个,另一些如:There is room for another few books on the shelf.书架上还可以放点书。7.in the tree/ on the tree in the tree 与 on the tree.译成中文均为“在树上”但英语中有区别。in the tree表示某人、某事(不属于树本身生长出的别的东西)落在树上,表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时,要使用on the tree.如:There are some apples on the tree.那棵树上有些苹果。There is a bird in the tree.那棵树上有只鸟。8.some/ any some和 any既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要注意。(1)some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如:

There is some water in the gla.Is there any water in the gla?There isn't any water in the gla.(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中,或在表示请求,邀请的疑问句中,我们依

是真的。

could可代替can表示现在时间的动作,但语气较为婉转。例如: Could I speak to John,please?我能和约翰说话吗?

Could you?在口语中表示请求对方做事。例如:Could you wait half an hour?请你等半个小时好吗?Could you please ring again at six?六点钟请你再打电话好吗?(4)can的形式

只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式。能表示一般现在和一般过去两种时态,有时也能表示将来。所有其他时态(包括将来时)须用be able to加动词不定式来表示。例如:They have not been able to come to Beijing.他们没有能到北京来。11.look for/ find look for 意为“寻找”,而find意为“找到,发现”,前者强调“找”这一动作,并不注重“找”的结果,而后者则强调“找”的结果。例如:She can’t find her ruler.她找不到她的尺子啦。

Tom is looking for his watch,but he can’t find it.汤姆正在寻找他的手表,但没能找到。

12.be sleeping/ be asleep be sleeping 表示动作,意思是“正在睡觉”;be asleep 表示状态,意思是“睡着了”。如:---What are the children doing in the room? 孩子们在房间里做什么?---They are sleeping.他们正在睡觉。

The children are asleep now.现在孩子们睡着了。13.often/ usually/sometimes often 表示“经常”,sometimes表示“有时候”,在表示发生频率上often要高于usually,usually要高于sometimes。这三个词表示的是经常性,一般性的动作或情况,常与一般现在时连用,常位于主要谓语动词的前面,其他谓语动词(be动词,情态动词和助动词)的后面,有时也可位于句尾。如果要加强语气,则放在句首。

We usually play basketball after school.我们通常放学后打篮球。Sometimes I go to bed early.有时,我睡觉很早。

He often reads English in the morning.他经常在早晨读英语。14.How much/ How many how much常用来询问某一商品的价格,常见句式是How much is / are„?

等连用。

We often clean the claroom after school.我们经常放学后打扫教室。Look!They are cleaning the claroom.看!他们正在打扫教室呢。【考点扫描】

中考考点在本单元主要集中在:

1.动词一般现在时和现在进行时的用法,人称代词的用法,可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法。

2.本册书中常见的交际用语 3.本册书中一些重点的词组和短语

考试形式往往是单项填空、完形填空、短文改错和短文填空。【中考范例】

1.(2004年安徽省中考试题)

---Hurry up!We’re all waiting for you.---I ________ for an important phone call.Go without me.A.wait B.was waiting C.am waiting D.waited 【解析】答案:C。表示现在正在进行的动作,用现在进行时。2.(2004年长春市中考试题)Could you help ___ with ____ English, please?A.I, my B.me, me C.me, my D.my, I 【解析】答案:C。第一个空作宾语,应用人称代词的宾格me, 第二个空作定语,应用形容词性物主代词my。3.(2004年长春市中考试题)Dr.White can _______ French very well.A.speak B.talk C.say D.tell 【解析】答案:A。说什麽语言常用动词speak。4.(2004年黄冈中考试题)

English is spoken by __people.A.a lot B.much many C.a large number of D.a great deal of 【解析】答案:C。只有a large number of 能用来修饰复数可数名词people。4.he, say, Beijing, big, beautiful, like, work, here

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