动词时态三种变化总结_三种时态总结与讲解

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动词时态三种变化总结

一般现在时

动词第三人称单数形式的构成规则: a)直接在动词词尾加s。如:help→helps, play→plays。

b)以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,-o等结尾的动词,在词尾加-es。如:gue→guees, watch→watches, go→goes。

c)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为 i再加-es。如:carry→carries, fly→flies。

动词的现在分词

1.一般情况下，在动词后加-ing构成： work→working 工

作

sleep→sleeping

睡

wait→waiting

等待 study→studying 学习 read→reading 读 talk→talking 谈话 2.不发音的-e结尾的动词去掉e后再加-ing：

smile→smiling 微笑 move→moving write→writing 写 但是，若是发音的e结尾，则不能去e： see→seeing 看见 agree→agreeing 同意

3.以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing：

sit→sitting 坐 plan→planning 计划 prefer→preferring 宁愿

4.以字母ie结尾的动词，通常将ie改为y，再加ing： die→dying 死 lie→lying 躺

动词的过去式： 【过去式的变化规则】

① 一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。如：wanted，played。② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。如：hoped，lived。

③ 重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped, shipped。④ 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词去y加ed。如：studied，worried。2 am,is-was are--were 击败;敲打beat--beat 成为/变成become--became 开始begin--began 吹;刮blow—blew 折断;打破break—broke 带来bring--brought 建设;建造build--built 买buy—bought 能,能够can—could 抓/捉住;乘车catch-cought 选择;选choose--chose 来come--came 值cost—cost 切;割;砍cut-cut-做do—did 绘画;画draw--drew 喝drink--drank 驾驶drive--drove 吃eat--eat 掉下;降落fall--fell 感到;感觉feel--felt 发现;找到find--found 飞fly--flew 忘记forget-forgot 取;获得get--got 给give--gave 去;走go--went 种植;成长grow—grew 有/吃have/has--had 听见

hear--heard 保持

keep—kept 知道;认识know--knew 学习;学会learn-learnt/learned 离开;落下leave--left 借出/给lend— lent 让let--let 位于lie--lay 丢失lose--lost 可以may--might 意味;意思mean---meant 遇见/到meet--met 放put--put 读read--read注意读法不同/e/ 骑ride--rode 铃响ring--rang 跑run--ran 说say—said 看见;看望see--saw 卖 sell--selt 送send--sent 将;应该shall--should 照耀shine--shone 唱sing--sang 坐sit--sat 睡觉sleep--slept 闻;嗅smell--smelt 说;讲speak--spoke 花费;度过spend--spent 站stand—stood 扫;拖地sweep--swept 游泳

swim--swam 拿走;带走

take--took 教teach--taught 告诉;讲tell--told 想;认为think--thought 扔;掷throw--threw 理解/明白understand--understood 醒wake--woke 穿;戴wear--wore 将;愿will--would 赢得;战胜win--won 写write—wrote

一、下列结构含有ing: 1.keep doing 2.keep /carry on doing 3.keep sb.Doing 4.enjoy doing 5.finish doing 6.be afraid of doing 7.be worth doing 8.be busy doing 9.how about doing//what about doing 10.spend some time(in)doing 11.spend some money(in)buying 12.feel like doing 13.stop/keep/prevent … from doing 14.thank you for doing 15.thanks for doing 16.do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 17.go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 18.mind/practise doing 19.prefer doing … to doing… 20.can’t help doing 21.there is/are +n.+ doing …

二、下列结构用不带to的动词不定式：

1.had better(not)do sth.2.would you please(not)do sth.3.why n ot do sth.4.why don’t you do sth.5.Shall we do sth.? 6.let do sth.7.make sb.do sth.三、下列结构用带to的动词不定式：

1.It’s time to do sth.2.It takes sb.some time to do sth.3.tell/ask/want/encourage sb.to do sth.4.Would you like to do sth.? 5.It’s good/bad to do sth.6.It’s good/bad for sb.to do sth.7.be+adj.+enough to do sth.8.sb.is ready to do sth.9.It’s+adj.+ for sb.to do sth.10.It’s+adj.+ of sb.to do sth.11.would like/love /decide/want/wish/to do sth.12.would like/love sb.to do sth.13.Prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.14.what/how/ when/where/whether to do sth 15.can’t wait to do 16.too … to do … 17.be afraid /ready/able/sure to do

五、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和

ing形式含义不同： 1.stop to do/ doing 2.forget to do/ doing 3.remember to do/doing 4.go on to do/doing 5.like to do/doing 6.love to do/doing 7.prefer to do/doing 8.hate to do/doing

六、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和

ing形式含义相同： 1.begin to do/doing 2.start to do/doing 3.learn to do/doing

七、下列结构用不带to的动词不定式和现在分词的含义不同： 用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状 态。1．hear sb do sth./doing 2.listen sb do sth./doing 3.look at sb do sth./doing 4.see sb do sth./doing 5.watch sb do sth./doing 6.notice sb do sth./doing三单练习

I.写出下列动词的相应形式： 1.第三

人

称

单数： wash_________ match _______gue______ study______ finish_________ go________ snow______ carry_________ 2.写出下列动词的过去式：stop______ see________ drive ________let_______ carry______ keep_____ join______ find_______ think________ teach______ catch______ 3.写出下列动词的现在分词

形式： stay_______ begin______ forget_______ forget______ lie________ die _______ run_______ prefer______ give________ ring_______ dance______ hope_______ II.用所给动词的适当形式填空：

1．I ________(write)to you as soon as I _______(get)to London.2.He doean’t feel well and ____________(not eat)any food this morning.3.He ______ not _______(see)me come in, for he ___________(read)something with great interest.4.I _________(l;et)you have the book as soon as I _________(finish)it.5.While we ________(wait)for our teacher, a little boy ________(run)up to us.6.Don’t make a niose.Grandpa __________(sleep).7.It’s seven now, Tom’s family__________(watch)TV.8.It ________(take)me two hours to finish my homework last night.9.What ______ your mother _______(do)at eight yesterday evening? She _______(wash)clothes.10._______ it ______(rain)when school was over yesterday? 11.What _______(do)_______ tomorrow? We ________(play)football.12.There ________(be)a football match on TV this evening.13.They said they ________(visit)the Great Wall the next summer holiday.14.Who _______(dance)the best in your cla? 15.Will you come if he _____________(not come)? 16.The teacher told us the earth __________(move)round the sun.17.They _______(have)a party in the garden if it ________(not rain)to morrow.18 She ________(buy)a sweater yesterday.19.I don’t know if Mr.Wang ______(go)to Shanghai tomorrow.If he _____(go), I ______(ask)him _______(take)some books to my daughter, because she _______(study)there.III单项选择：

1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _____ tomorrow.A.don’t rain B.doesn’t rain C.won’t rain

2.There _____ an English film next week.A.will have B.is going to have C.is going to be D.was going to be 3.The picture _______ nice.A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking 4.She ______ down and soon fell asleep.A.live B.lain C.laid D.lay 5.They _____ the office at nine yesterday morning.A.reached to B.arrived C.went D.get to 6.We shall go to Shanghai on busine before you _____ back next week.A.wil come B.came C.would come D.come 7.Don’t smoke until the plane ______ off.A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take 8.I saw her ____ the room this morning.A.to enter()B.entered C.enter D.enters 9.the teacher asked us ______ to school on time.A.to come B.coming C.come D.comes 10.John is always ______ others.A.help B.helping C.helps D.to help 11.He told us ______ at eight.A.working B.to work C.work D.worked 12.You’d better ______ at home and ______ your homework.A.to stay, do B.stay, do C.to stay, to do D.stay, to do 13.He sat down ______ a rest.A.having B.have C.to have D.had 14.Uncle Wang knows _______ a washing machine.A.how to make B.to make C.how making D.what to make 15.Jim decided _______ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England.A.to leave B.left C.leaving D.leave