英语基本句式小结_初中英语重点句型小结
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英语基本句式小结
（一）在一个句子中，动词是核心，它决定了整个句子的结构。不同的动词会引起不同的结构，这也就决定了整个句子的基本结构，也可称为基本句型。从英语的句子结构上说，总体可以归纳为五个基本句型。
一般地说，某些动词用在某一特定句式中。那么，哪些动词常用于哪些句式，我们把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类，每一大类都分出详细的条目，同学们可以在理解记忆各大类的基础上记忆相关动词，并继续归纳总结。
1.主语 + 不及物动词（谓语）
S + Vi Birds sing beautifully.1）S + V + adverbial（状语） He went on holiday.2）S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介词短语） We stopped to have a rest.3）S + Vi+ Infinitive（不定式） I’ll go swimming
4）S + Vi+ Participle（分词）
The Sun rises from the east and sets from the west.You go first and I will follow behind.You push I pull.The plane took off and blew up instantly.This material washes easily.This book sells well.2.主语 + 及物动词（谓语）+ 宾语
S + Vt + O I like music.1）S + Vt + N/Pron（名词、代词） I want to help him.2）S + Vt + infinitive（不定式）用于这句型的有大量动词如：attempt，dare，decide，demand，deserved, desire，expect，hope，learn，need，offer，refuse，try, threaten, want，wish等。
I don’t know what to do.3）S + Vt + Wh-Word(连接代/副词)+ Infinitive 常用于这句型的动词有：ask，consider，decide，discover，explain，find out，forget，gue，know，learn，observe，remember，see，settle，tell，think，understand，wonder等。
I enjoy living here.4）S + Vt + Gerund（动名词）
常用于这句型的动词有：admit，advise，avoid，consider，defend，enjoy，excuse，finish，mind，mi，practise，risk，suggest，give up，can't help等。
I don’t think（that）he is right.5）S + VT + That-clause（从句）常用于这句型的动词有：Admit，believe，declare，demand，deny，doubt，expect，explain，feel（觉得），hear（听说），hope，imagine，intend，know，mean，mind（当心），notice，request，report，say，see（看出），show，suggest，suppose，think，understand，wish，wonder（觉得奇怪）。
I hope that I have said nothing to offend you.He claimed that he had seen the accident.She inisisted that I(should)be present.The teacher suggested that we(should)practise more.I don’t remember what had happened.You can discu which is the best film.She decribed how all this had happened.Do you know why he did it ? I will find out if he is really interested in English.VT : You have done a good job!The law will soon take effect.VT: Let me introduce myself.Don’t deceive yourself.VI: We will look into the matter.The train came to a stop.3.主语
S
除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词：
表感官的动词，feel，smell，taste，sound，look，appear，seem 等。表转变变化的动词，become，get，grow，turn，go，等。表延续的动词 remain，keep，seem，hold，stay，rest等。表瞬时的动词 come，fall，set，cut，occur等。
其他动词 eat，lie，prove，ring，run，shine，sit，stand，continue，hang等
She has been ill for over a month.I felt a bit dizzy.The food tastes delicious.He grew/became thinner and thinner.Soon it got dark.The child soon fell asleep.He turned pale at the thought.The cake looks tempting.The tea smells inviting.He looked annoyed.Please remain seated.+ 系动词LV（谓语）+ 表语（也称补语）+ V（LV）+ P
He is a boy.1）S + Lv + N/Pron（名词/代词）She is beautiful.2）S + Lv + Adj（形容词）Cla is over.3）S + Lv + Adv（副词）He is in good health.4）S + Lv + Prep Phrase The film is interesting.5）S + Lv + Participle（分词）It appears a true story.It proved a great succe.He sounded a modest man.She seemed an unusually smart girl.My aim is to help everyone enter an ideal university.His advice to them is to speak the truth.Homework is to be taken seriously.Surely she wants to be trusted.Seeing is believing.Her hobby is collecting stamps.My hope is that everyobe will succeed in three years.What surprised me was that you could speak English so well.What matters is who can be put in charge of the work.The point is whether we should recommend him.She is found of English.They were delightd/pleased/ happy with the result.He was eager to succeed.I am inclined to agree with you.4.主 语 + 双宾动词（谓语）+ 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
S + VT + O(In)+ O（D）
I bought Mary a book.1）S + VT + N/Pron + N He sent a book to me.2）S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phrase He bought a coat for me. She convinced me that Howard was innocent.间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow，bring，deny，do（带来），give，grant，hand，leave，lend，offer，owe，pa，pay，permit，promise，read，refuse，render，restore，sell，send，show，teach，tell wish，write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring，buy，cash，choose，fetch，get，leave，make，order，paint，play（演奏），save，sing，spare等。
She
gave
me
a book.He
left
us
some money.He
ordered
us
a room.She
kied
her mother
goodbye.I’ve come to keep
you
company
5.主语 + 及物动词（谓语）+ 宾语 + 宾补
S + VT + O + O C
We named our baby Tom.1）S + VT + N/Pron + N 常用于这句型的动词有call，choose，elect，find，make，name，nominate（命名）。
They elected him president.He appointed her the secretary of the GM.I thought it good advice.We must keepthe matter a secret. He painted the wall white.2）S + VT + N/Pron + Adj 常用于这句型的动词有：beat，boil，cut，drive，find，get，hold，keep，leave，like，make，paint，see，set，turn，want，wash，wipe，wish等。
Most people considered him guilty/innocent.The police decided to set him free.What made you so angry? The students find it important to take notes in cla.I have to make it clear that the students need to make corrections. She keeps everything in good order.3）S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase We found her in tears.This will bring us all into harmony.They soon got the fire under control.He always considers himself in the right. I wish you to stay.4）S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive I made him work.常用于这句型的动词有：a）不定式带to的词：advice，allow，ask，beg，cause，choose，command，decide，encourage，expect，force，get，hate，invite，know，leave，like，love，order，permit，persuade，prefer，remain，request，teach，tell，want，warn，wish等。b）不定式不带to的词：feel，have，hear，know，let，listen to，look at，make，notice，see，watch等。
We encouraged her to try exercising.I strongly recommend you to take a holiday.What made you think so? We won’t have them cheat us.I saw her face go pale. I heard my name called.5）S + VT + N/Pron + Participle（分词） I feel something moving.常用于这句型的动词有：catch，feel，find，get，have，hear，imagine，keep，leave，listen to，look at，notice，observe，perceive，see，set，smell，start，watch等。
She watched us eating.He noticed the teacher coming in.I found him working in the garden. He told me that the film was great.6）S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause 常用于这句型的动词：aure，inform，promise，remind，teach，tell，warm等。
He shows me how to do it.7）S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive 常用于这句型的动词有：advise，ask，inform，show，teach，tell等。
He asked me what he should do.8）S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-Clause
常用于这句型的动词有：Advise，ask，inform，show，teach，tell
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