oracle数据库使用总结_oracle数据库知识总结
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Oracle数据库遇到问题与使用心得总结
一、快速得到存储过程运行的结果。步骤方法:
1、在c://temp目录中得到存储过程调用的参数语句,然后复制。
2、在PL/SQL中打开Test Window窗口,粘贴复制的内容,然后在内容中如下图增加2个参数(r1和r2)。
3、在Test Window窗口的变量和类型中入下图那样设置增加的参数。
4、点Test Window窗口中的图标,等运行按钮亮起时,再点击运行按钮。
5、在Test Window窗口中值哪列点击就能查看运行存储过程的结果。
二、解决数据库弹出“本地计算机上的OracleOraDb11g_home1TNSListener服务启动后停止。某些服务在未由其他服务或程序使用时将自动停止”问题。
分析原因:是因为数据库监听配置文件添加这句话(如下图),然后重启监听服务OracleOraDb11g_home1TNSListener就报上面的错误。
报错现象:接着打开”开始-》所有程序-》oracle_home-》Net Manager “程序发现不能配置监听程序 ;启动监听服务提示“本地计算机上的OracleOraDb11g_home1TNSListener服务启动后停止。某些服务在未由其他服务或程序使用时将自动停止”信息
解决方法步骤:
1、删除这句话。
2、修改为
三、解决数据库提示“ora-12514 无监听程序处理”问题。
原因分析:数据库监听配置都好好,用sqlplus能正常连接数据库,但是用PL/SQL连接就报“ora-12514 无监听程序处理”错误。
1、找到数据库的安装目录文件下的listener.log文件(本人的监听文件放在D:orcladmindiagtnslsnrtzzlistenertrace目录),发现文件很大有几个G。
2、在cmd中输入如下命令
lsnrctl set log_status off;(暂停日志监控)
3、在cmd中通过输入“D:”进入D盘,然后通过 “cd orcl”进入D:orcl目录,一直到D:orcladmindiagtnslsnrtanzizilistenertrace为止
4、再输入命令:copy listener.log listener.log.20150114(复制文件)
5、输入命令:echo >listener.log(清空listener文件)
6、lsnrctl set log_status on;(启动日志监控)
四、oralce查询锁定进程和关闭window系统中的锁定进程
1、查询锁定进程语句: SELECT /*+ rule */ s.username, decode(l.type, 'TM', 'TABLE LOCK', 'TX', 'ROW LOCK', NULL)LOCK_LEVEL, o.owner, o.object_name, o.object_type, s.sid, s.serial#, s.terminal, s.machine, s.program, s.osuser FROM v$seion s, v$lock l, dba_objects o WHERE l.sid = s.sid AND l.id1 = o.object_id(+)AND s.username is NOT Null;
2、杀掉锁定的进程
alter system kill seion 'sid,serial#';找到锁定进程对应的spid select a.SID,a.USERNAME,a.status,a.proce,b.SPID from v$seion a,v$proce b where a.PADDR=b.ADDR and a.sid='sid';
4、在cmd中输入关闭锁定进程命令: orakill orcl spid;
五、oracle数据库中的jobs1、查询所有的jobs select * from user_jobs;
2、查看怎在运行的jobs select * from dba_jobs_running;
六、数据库表空间增加空间
1、允许已存在的数据文件自动增长
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 'D:orcladminoradataorclAPP03.DBF' AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 50M MAXSIZE 20480M;手工改变已存在数据文件的大小
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 'D:orcladminoradataorclAPP02.DBF' RESIZE 20480M;
七、数据库服务器端数据的导出与导入(必须在数据库服务器端使用),导出和导入使用服务器端命令好处是速度快,不会出现空表不导出现象。
1、cmd2、expdp kdcrm/1@orcl version=11.1.0.6.0 数据库名/数控密码@实例名 要导入数据库的版本号
(版本号一般是用在高版本数据库向低版本数据库导入数据。)
3、查看导出日志,根据日志找到导出文件
4、进入D:orcladminadminorcldpdump目录,把EXPDAT.DMP压缩下。
5、把压缩之后的文件从服务器拷入本地计算机。
6、找到本地计算机的安装目录下的D:orcladminadminorcldpdump文件夹,把压缩的文件解压到此地。
7、在本地计算机中输入cmd8、在本地计算机创建表空间,通过PL/SQL工具用oracle数据库的系统管理员进入数据库。CREATE TABLESPACE CMBC_PMS_TBS
LOGGING
DATAFILE 'D:orcladminoradataorclCMBC_PMS_TBS.ora'
SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND
ON NEXT 100M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
--Create the user create user CMBC_PMS identified by 1 default tablespace CMBC_PMS_TBS temporary tablespace TEMP profile DEFAULT paword expire;--Grant/Revoke role privileges grant connect to CMBC_PMS;grant dba to CMBC_PMS;grant resource to CMBC_PMS;--Grant/Revoke system privileges grant create any table to CMBC_PMS;grant create any view to CMBC_PMS;grant create database link to CMBC_PMS;grant create table to CMBC_PMS;grant debug connect seion to CMBC_PMS;grant drop any table to CMBC_PMS;grant select any table to CMBC_PMS;grant unlimited tablespace to CMBC_PMS;
CREATE TABLESPACE TS_CRM_01
LOGGING
DATAFILE 'D:orcladminoradataorclTS_CRM_01.dbf'
SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND
ON NEXT 100M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE ts_tmp_01
TEMPFILE 'D:orcladminoradataorclts_tmp_01.dbf'
SIZE 100M
AUTOEXTEND ON
NEXT 100M maxsize 2000M;
CREATE TABLESPACE TS_CC_01
LOGGING
DATAFILE 'D:orcladminoradataorclTS_CC_01.dbf'
SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND
ON NEXT 100M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE TS_TA_01
LOGGING
DATAFILE 'D:orcladminoradataorclTS_TA_01.dbf'
SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND
ON NEXT 100M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
--系统管理员
select * from dba_directories;CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY dir_crm_db AS 'D:orcldb_bak';--drop directory dir_crm_db;CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY dir_dp AS 'D:orcldp_bak';--drop directory dir_dp;CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY expdp_dir AS 'D:orcldir_bak';--drop directory expdp_dir;
9、在本地计算机创建用户,通过PL/SQL工具用oracle数据库的系统管理员进入数据库。--Create the user
create user KDCRM identified by 1
default tablespace TS_CRM_01
temporary tablespace TS_TMP_01
profile DEFAULT
paword expire;--Grant/Revoke object privileges
grant select, insert, update, delete grant select, insert, update, delete KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete M;grant select, insert, update, delete CRM;grant select, insert, update, delete KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete REHOLD to KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete RM;grant select, insert, update, delete grant select, insert, update, delete NFO to KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete ACT to KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete;grant select, insert, update, delete grant select, insert, update, delete CRM;grant select, insert, update, delete M;
on CMBC_PMS.BENEFIT to KDCRM;on CMBC_PMS.COLLATERAL_CONTRACT toon CMBC_PMS.ENTRUST_AGENCY to KDCRon CMBC_PMS.FINANCE_CONTRACT to KDon CMBC_PMS.FINANCE_COUNTERPARTY toon CMBC_PMS.FINANCE_COUNTERPARTY_SHAon CMBC_PMS.FINANCE_PROJECT to KDCon CMBC_PMS.FUND_RAISE to KDCRM;on CMBC_PMS.GENERAL_FINANCE_PROJECTIon CMBC_PMS.GUARANTEE_CONTRACT to on CMBC_PMS.INVESTMENT_ADVISER to on CMBC_PMS.INVESTMENT_ADVISER_CONTRon CMBC_PMS.KD_RIGHT_ROLE to KDCRMon CMBC_PMS.PMS_PROJECT to KDCRM;on CMBC_PMS.PMS_PROJECT_USER to KDon CMBC_PMS.SYS_BUSINESSNO to KDCRgrant select, insert, update, delete on CMBC_PMS.SYS_REPORTFIELD to KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete on CMBC_PMS.WF_BUSINESSDATA to KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete on CMBC_PMS.WF_ROLE_FLOW_AUTH to KDCRM;grant select, insert, update, delete on CMBC_PMS.WF_ROUGH_DRAFT to KDCRM;grant read, write on directory SYS.DIR_CRM_DB to KDCRM;grant execute, read, write on directory SYS.DIR_DP to KDCRM with t option;grant read, write on directory SYS.EXPDP_DIR to KDCRM;--Grant/Revoke role privileges grant connect to KDCRM;grant dba to KDCRM;grant resource to KDCRM;--Grant/Revoke system privileges grant create any table to KDCRM;grant create any view to KDCRM;grant create database link to KDCRM;grant create table to KDCRM;grant debug connect seion to KDCRM;grant drop any table to KDCRM;grant select any table to KDCRM;grant unlimited tablespace to KDCRM;
8、impdp kdcrm/1@orcl remap_schema=kdcrm:kdcrm dumpfile=EXPDAT.DMP 数据库名/密码@实例名 导出的数据库名:导入的数据库名 数据库备份文件名
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