福克纳诺贝尔奖致辞_致辞福克纳诺贝尔

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福克纳诺贝尔奖致辞(William Faulkner: Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech)I feel that this award was not made to me as a man, but to my work--life's work in the agony and sweat of the human spirit, not for glory and least of all for profit, but to create out of the materials of the human spirit something which did not exist before.So this award is only mine in trust.It will not be difficult to find a dedication for the money part of it commensurate with the purpose and significance of its origin.But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too, by using this moment as a pinnacle from which I might be listened to by the young men and women already dedicated to the same anguish and travail, among whom is already that one who will some day stand where I am standing.Our tragedy today is a general and universal physical fear so long sustained by now that we can even bear it.There are no longer problems of the spirit.There is only the question: When will I be blown up? Because of this, the young man or woman writing today has forgotten the problems of the human heart in conflict with itself which alone can make good writing because only that is worth writing about, worth the agony and the sweat.He must learn them again.He must teach himself that the basest of all things is to be afraid;and, teaching himself that, forget it forever, leaving no room in his workshop for anything but the old verities and truths of the heart, the universal truths lacking which any story is ephemeral and doomed--love and honor and pity and pride and compaion and sacrifice.Until he does so, he labors under a curse.He writes not of love but of lust, of defeats in which nobody loses anything of value, of victories without hope and, worst of all, without pity or compaion.His griefs grieve on no universal bones, leaving no scars.He writes not of the heart but of the glands.Until he learns these things, he will write as though he stood among and watched the end of man.I decline to accept the end of man.It is easy enough to say that man is immortal simply because he will endure: that when the last ding-dong of doom has clanged and faded from the last worthle rock hanging tidele in the last red and dying evening, that even then there will still be one more sound: that of his puny inexhaustible voice, still talking.I refuse to accept this.I believe that man will not merely endure: he will prevail.He is immortal, not because he alone among creatures has an inexhaustible voice, but because he has a soul, a spirit capable of compaion and sacrifice and endurance.The poet’s, the writer's, duty is to write about these things.It is his privilege to help man endure by lifting his heart, by reminding him of the courage and honor and hope and pride and compaion and pity and sacrifice which have been the glory of his past.The poet's voice need not merely be the record of man, it can be one of the props, the pillars to help him endure and prevail.我觉得，诺贝尔文学奖并不是授给我个人的，而是授给我的创作——我的既不为虚名，也不为厚利，而是以人类精神为素材，为了创造出未曾有过的事物，经历了心灵的煎熬和劳苦的创作。所以，这个奖只是一时托我保管罢了。至于这笔奖金，要把它运用得与本奖设置的原旨和意义相符合，并不是难事。我也想把这份荣誉以同样方式加以使用。我要利用这个演说的机会，向一切已经献身于同样心灵的煎熬与劳苦，而且有朝一日必有可能会站在我现在站着的地方的青年男女，说几句话。

我认为，今天人类的悲剧，在环宇四处的究竟已布满了肉体的恐惧，而这种恐惧持续已久，以致使我们麻木不仁，习以为常。今天，我们所谓的心灵上的问题已不复存在，剩下只有一个疑问：我们何时会被战争毁灭？因此，当今从事文学的男女青年已把人类内心冲突的问题遗忘了。然而，惟有这颗自我挣扎和内心冲突的心，才能产生杰出的作品，因为只有这种冲突才值得我们去写，才值得为之痛苦和触动。

一个有志于文学创作的青年，应当从头学习去认识和描写人类心灵的挣扎与劳苦，他应当这样告诫自己：永远忘却恐惧。充实地致力于创作的心灵的只应是人类亘古至今一直存在的真实感情、真理、自豪、爱情和牺牲精神。没有这古老而永恒的东西，任何作品都将是昙花一现，瞬息即逝。一个文学青年，在懂得这些之前的所有创作，都将是徒劳的，他所描写的不是爱情而是肉欲，他所记述的失败里不会有人失去任何有价值的东西，他所描绘的胜利中也没有希望，更没有同情和怜悯。他的悲哀，缺乏普遍的基础，留不下丝毫伤痕。他所描述的不是人类的心灵，而是人类的内分泌物。

上述种种，除非他铭记心中，否则，一个文学青年就仿佛置身于末日之中，为等候末日来临而写作。我拒绝接受人类末日的说法，因为人是不朽的，他的延续是永远不断的——即使当那末日的丧钟敲响，并从那最后的夕阳将坠的岩石上逐渐消失之时，世界上还会留下一种声音，即人类那种微弱的却永不衰竭的声音，在绵绵不绝。我不同意这种说法，我深信人类不但会苟且地生存下去，他们还能蓬勃发展。人的不朽，不只是因为他在万物中是惟一具有永不衰竭的声音，而因为是他有灵魂——有使人类能够同情、能够牺牲、能够忍耐的灵魂。诗人和作家的责任，就在于写出这能同情、牺牲、忍耐的灵魂。诗人和作家的荣耀，就在于振奋人心，鼓舞人的勇气、荣誉、希望、尊严、同情、怜悯和牺牲精神，这正是人类往昔的荣耀，也是使人类永垂不朽的根源。诗人的声音不应仅仅是人为的记录，而应该成为帮助人类永垂不朽的支柱和栋梁。