The Silk Road丝绸之路演讲稿_关于丝绸之路的演讲稿

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The Silk Road

Ancient trade route that linked China with Europe.Originally a caravan route and used from с 100 BC, the 4,000-mi(6,400-km)road started in Xi'an, China, followed the Great Wall to the northwest, climbed the Pamir Mtns., croed Afghanistan, and went on to the eastern Mediterranean Sea, where goods were taken by boat to Rome.Silk was carried westward, while wool, gold, and silver were carried eastward.With the fall of Rome, the route became unsafe;it was revived under the Mongols, and Marco Polo used it in the 13th century.The Silk Road

Maybe you have heard about the Silk Road or read it yourself long before so that you have already understood the constantly changing and endle barren desert as well as its quietne.Maybe you have met it in the numerous words before.Haven’t you understood its brilliance hidden in the relics on the ancient route left to us by our ancestors that has gone through the test of over 2000 years of trials and hardships? And then do you still want to listen to the bells on the camels that have been pleasant to your ears for years in and out along this historical route that goes through Asia and Europe and maintains the civilization of east and west and appreciate the flourishment and continuous flow on the broad ancient route? Well, let’s read the Silk Road in the virtual world built by the net technology!

A 10,000-li silver ribbon, starting at Chang’an(Xi’an today), the ancient capital of China, and ending at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, links up fields, deserts, gralands, and mountains.This is the Silk Road famed in world history, the first thoroughfare that links up China with the West.2000 ago, our ancestors opened up a great road--the Silk Road.China was the first country in the world to breed silkworms and produce silk.The Silk Road was first conceived during the Zhou and Qin dynasties.From 138--139B.C., Zhang Qian, outstanding Western Han diplomat and traveler, first “blazed a trail” in the West, and the Silk Road was formally inaugurated as China’s “national road” linking up the east and west.Holding a taeled staff and “driving enormous herds of sheep and cattle and bringing quantities of golden coins and rolls of silk,” Zhang Qian set out with a retune of 100 and 300 in two trips from Chang’an and reached Loulan(around Roujiang today), Yuli, Quick(Kula today), Shula(Kashi today), Yutan(Hotan today)and Wunsun(the Ill River valley today), as well as Dayuan, Kanju, kand Dayuezhi, now in Xinjiang and the Amu-Darya River valley in Central Asia.His aistant even went as far as Ansi(Iran)and Xindu(India)for friendly visits.In return, envoys from these countries also visited China, and merchants were continually on the way.In 73 AD, Ban Zhao embarked on a miion to the western region with a 36-man retinue, ensuring the smooth operation of the Silk Road which had once been blocked by war.His deputy Gan Ying reached Daqin(ancient Rome)and toured the Persian Gulf(Arabic Gulf), extending the Silk Road.The ancient Silk Road linked Chinese culture with that of India, Greece, Rome and Persian from one century to the other, carried the great Chinese inventions of silk, gunpowder, papermaking and printing to the West and brought Buddhism, Nestorianism, and Islam and their related arts and cultures into China.From time immemorial, the Silk Road has been a route of friendly intercourse between the Chinese and foreign people.Chinese silk, ironware, gold and platinum, bronze mirrors, lacquer and bamboo wares, drugs and

farming and smelting technology paed through the western region to India and Europe.Alfalfa, grapes, sesame, pomegranates, walnuts, cucumbers, carrots, safflowers, as well as lions, peacocks, elephants, camels and horses from the western region also found their way into the Chinese interior.A paage from the West Region: History of the Han Dynasty, documents the trade between China and foreign countries: “The emperor’s household was filled with pearls, rhinoceros horns and peacock feathers.Palace officials’ stables were crowded with thoroughbred horses: elephants, lions, mastiffs and peacocks roam the menagerie.Exotic articles poured in from every quarter.”

Fa Xian and Xuan Zang, eminent monks of the Jin and Tang Dynasties, journeyed to more than 30 countries including Kashmir, Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka along the Silk Road in 366 and 627(or 629).The Lands of Buddhism by Fa Xian and the West Region by Xuan Zang were important references in research on the histories of the West Region and India, and the Silk Road.1222-1223, Yelu Chucai, a Yuan dynasty poet, and Qiu Chuji, leader of Taoism, traveled west and made lively notes on the scenes along northern Xinjiang and the central Asian region.The ancient Silk Road linked Chinese culture with that of India, Greece, Rome and Persian from one century to the other, carried the great Chinese inventions of silk, gunpowder, papermaking and printing to the West and brought Buddhism, Nestorianism, and Islam and their related arts and cultures into China.From time immemorial, the Silk Road has been a route of friendly intercourse between the Chinese and foreign people.The ancient Silk Road yields a wealth of world famous treasures.A series of paes, castles, grotto temples, courier stations, burial sites and beacon towers shine with brilliance.The greater part of the Silk Road threads its way through Xinjiang.Ancient travelers left behind many historical records and invaluable relics.And all this reminds people from time to time that the Chinese nation had spread its splendid but unique ancient civilization to the west and even to the whole world through this main route so that the people all over the world could understand its great oriental civilization.It used to be the main artery of communication and cultural exchange between China and the western countries.Different Routes of the Silk Road

There is more than one route of the Silk Road.The routes vary due to their different destinations in the west in the different dynasties.But there are three main routes.The route along the north side of Tianshan Mountain is the North

Tianshan Route;that along the south side of Tianshan Mountain, the South Tianshan Route and that along Kunlun Mountain the South Western Region Route.These three routes are called, respectively from north to south, the north route, the middle route, and the south route.The above three routes are actually one route before they reach Loulan, Xingjiang, that is from Xi’an---Lanzhou---the Hexi

Corridor---Wuwei---Zhangye---Jiuquan---Dunhuang---Yumen Guan(Yang Guan)---Loulan.The north route runs from

Loulan---Turfan---Hami---Urumqi---Yining---Yili--west to coast of the Caspian Sea.The middle route runs from Loulan---Kuche---Aksu---Kashi---west to Iran and to Rome along the coast of Mediterranean Sea.The south route runs from Loulan---Qiemo---Yutian---Shache---south to India and Southeast to the direction of Afghan.敦煌的鸣沙山、月牙泉以其自然地理奇观之美名已享誉海内外，而可与其相媲美的玉门关雅丹魔鬼城却鲜为人知。据“辞海”解释，“雅丹——维吾尔语，原义为具有陡壁的土丘，是干燥地区的一种风蚀地貌”。在距玉门关西85公里处，有一处典型的雅丹地貌群落，东西长约25公里，南北宽约1—2公里，敦煌人俗称魔鬼城，因此暂且定名为“玉门关雅丹魔鬼城”。这片雅丹地貌群落远远超出了辞书中所定义的规模和形态，其个体和整体规模之大，形态之奇异实属举世罕见。其高度，低的四五米，高的有二十多米，长宽由十几米到几百米不等，其整体，像一座中世纪的古城。这座特殊的“城堡”，有城墙、有街道、有大楼、有广场、有教堂、有雕塑；其形象生动，维妙维肖，令世人瞠目。世界许多著名建筑都可以在这里找到它的缩影，北京的天坛、西藏的布达拉宫、埃及的金字塔、狮身人面像、草原的蒙古包、阿拉伯式的清真寺应有尽有，雕塑有大漠雄狮，有丝路驼队，有群龟出海，有中流砥柱„„不可胜述。置身其中，宛苦进入了世界建筑艺术博物馆，让人目不暇接，惊叹不已。这些大自然的杰作，堪称鬼斧神工，奇妙无穷，让人佩服得五体投地，令游人流连忘返，更引起无限遐思。从钢筋水泥的城市切换到丝路敦煌，面对这瑰丽多彩的名胜古迹、绮丽迷人的塞外风光，阳关及玉门关虽只余下断壁残垣，置身其间，却仍能隐隐感受到边关的铁马金戈之气，使人不得不慨叹历史的沉重和苍凉。