温家宝在印度世界事务委员会的演讲(全文)_全世界最著名的演讲稿
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温家宝在印度世界事务委员会的演讲（全文）
2010/12/17 2010年12月16日，国务院总理温家宝在印度世界事务委员会发表题为《共铸东方文明新辉煌》的重要演讲。演讲全文如下：
共铸东方文明新辉煌 ——在印度世界事务委员会的演讲 中华人民共和国国务院总理温家宝（2010年12月16日，新德里）
尊敬的克里希纳外长，女士们，先生们：
感谢世界事务委员会的热情接待和周到安排，使我有机会同大家见面。今天在座的有印度社会各界的精英，还有亿万印度民众在收看电视直播。此时此刻，在中国也有数亿观众在收看。站在这个讲台上，我深感荣幸和责任重大。首先，请允许我代表中国人民，向勤劳、智慧、伟大的印度人民致以亲切的问候！
中国和印度，是世界东方的两大文明古国，是山水相依的友好邻邦，两国人口的总和超过25亿。当我们两大民族进行心与心交流的时刻，我相信，全世界也会关注和倾听。我们有理由为此感到自豪！
2005年，我曾访问贵国，当时印度的快速发展给我留下了深刻的印象。5年来，印度经济增长势头强劲，科学技术突飞猛进，特别是在应对这场罕见的国际金融危机中表现出众。印度的崛起，牢牢吸引了全世界的目光，也给包括中国在内的广大发展中国家增添了信心和力量。在这里，我向你们表示诚挚的祝贺！
《奥义书》中说：“真理至高无上，是认识的共同基础。”我同辛格总理是老朋友，已经见面深谈了10多次，建立了真挚的友谊。我们都认为，独立、自主、自强是一个民族的灵魂。只有开放兼容，国家才能富强。世界有足够的空间供中印共同发展，也有足够的领域供中印开展合作。这些重要的共识，深深植根于中印古老的文化传统和悠久的交往历史，也是同我们对世界大势的正确把握和对国家利益的深刻认识分不开的。
数千年来，众多纽带把中印紧密联系在一起。著名的丝绸之路留下无数动人的故事，印度佛教丰富了中国文化，中华传统文化也在印度留下了痕迹，印度诗圣泰戈尔同中国许多著名学者结下深厚友情，中国梵学大师季羡林先生倾毕生精力研究传承印度古文化。中印两国交往历史之久远、影响之深刻，在世界文明史上实属罕见。
在反抗殖民统治、争取国家独立和民族解放的正义事业中，中印两国人民相互同情，相互支持。印度社会各界对中国反法西斯战争的援助载入了史册，柯棣华大夫的英雄事迹将永远为我们所铭记。印度是最早与新中国建交的国家之一，曾积极呼吁恢复中华人民共和国在联合国的合法席位。中印共同在著名的万隆会议上发挥了重要作用，积极倡导和平共处五项原则，为维护亚非国家的独立和团结、促进世界和平作出了卓越贡献。
中印作为两个相邻的大国，历史、文化背景和社会制度不同，相互之间出现一些矛盾和分歧在所难免。中印关系也曾出现过大的波折，但这只是2000年两国友好交往长卷中的短暂一页。我们能够从各自丰厚的文化积淀中汲取智慧和勇气，正视历史，面向未来，携手前行。任何力量都不可能动摇我们发展睦邻友好关系的坚定信念。
进入二十一世纪，中印两国都步入发展的快车道，双边关系取得长足进展，两国建立起面向和平与繁荣的战略合作伙伴关系，并确定了“十项战略”。双边贸易额在10年内增长了近20倍，中国成为印度第一大贸易伙伴，印度是中国在南亚最大的贸易伙伴。两国交流更加密切，共同举办了一系列大型活动，双方相互了解、学习借鉴的愿望更加热切。中印在应对气候变化等全球性挑战、推动国际金融经济体系改革、促进区域合作等方面协调配合，在“金砖国家”、二十国集团等机制下加强合作，有效地维护了共同利益，受到全世界的瞩目。
饮水当思源。当前，中印睦邻友好关系的良好局面来之不易。我们永远铭记中印两国老一辈政治家为此倾注的心血。在此，我要向长期致力于中印友好合作的社会各界人士，表示衷心感谢和崇高敬意！
女士们，先生们：
当今世界正在经历大发展、大调整、大变革，和平、发展、合作仍然是时代的主题。发展中国家整体实力正在快速上升，世界多极化深入发展，但世界仍然存在一些不安宁、不稳定、不确定因素。这给包括中国和印度在内的广大发展中国家带来重大机遇，也使我们面临新的严峻挑战。中国和印度都正处在发展的关键时期。我们应当审时度势，不失时机地扩大和深化利益汇合点，积极推进战略合作和务实合作。只有这样，才能抓住机遇、加快发展，共同应对挑战，共享发展成果，共创美好未来。我相信，中印两国有责任、也有能力担负起这一历史使命。
——加快经济发展，改善民生，是两国人民最迫切的愿望。虽然中印都取得了举世瞩目的成就，但仍面临人口、资源、环境等方面的巨大压力，实现现代化任重而道远。相似的遭遇、相近的国情、共同的挑战，使我们加深了彼此理解，也注定我们必须相互支持。
——中印都在民族振兴道路上进行卓有成效的艰苦探索，在经济、科技、社会等领域形成了各自特色和优势。两国密切的人文联系、毗邻的地理位置、巨大的市场潜力，为我们加强交流互鉴、扩大互利合作提供了诸多有利条件。历史上我们两个伟大的文明曾经并肩发展，未来也完全可以实现共同进步和繁荣。
——中印在重大国际事务中拥有广泛的共识和共同利益。两国都坚持独立自主的外交政策，奉行互利共赢的开放战略，主张世界多极化和文明多样性，是许多重要国际和地区机构、机制中有影响力的成员，完全可以通过密切协调，更好地维护和发展共同利益。
——中印关系超越了双边范畴，日益具有全球和战略意义。中印人口占世界五分之二，让两国人民过上富裕、安康的生活，是人类历史上前所未有的伟大事业，也是中印对世界最大的贡献。中印共同发展，将有力地促进亚洲的振兴。中印加强协作，将极大地增强发展中国家的力量和信心，推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。
女士们，先生们：
今年是中印建交60周年，两国关系站在了新的起点上。这次我对贵国的访问是成功的。我同辛格总理进行了坦诚深入的会谈，就进一步深化中印战略合作达成了广泛共识，取得了丰硕成果。当务之急是，狠抓落实，务求实效。
双方决定建立国家元首、政府首脑定期互访机制，为两国关系发展提供更有力的政治指导。中方愿与印方加强在政党、军事等领域的交流和各级别磋商，增进政治互信与战略互信。中国始终以积极眼光看待印度的发展强大，把印度视为重要伙伴和朋友。中印要永远做伙伴和朋友，绝不做对手。我们应该把这一点告诉每一个人，并让它成为我们共同的信念。中印边界问题是历史遗留下来的。彻底解决这一问题不是一件容易的事，需要足够的耐心和较长的时间。只有真诚互信，锲而不舍，才能最终找出公平、合理、为双方所接受的方案。近年来，双方建立了边界问题特别代表会晤机制，制定了政治指导原则，进行了良好的对话与沟通，表示了共同解决边界问题的真诚意愿。面对困难，最重要的是沿着正确的轨道继续前进，逐步缩小分歧，积累共识，增强信心。加强边境事务磋商和协调，保持边境地区的和平与安宁。
我们要共同努力，实现2015年双边贸易额达到1000亿美元的目标。访问期间，两国工商界签署了40多项经贸合作协议，总金额超过160亿美元。此前，中国上海电气集团等三家公司与印度企业签署了59台火力发电机组合同，金额高达83亿美元。这些火力发电机组，是高效清洁能源装备。这次中方落实了40多亿美元的买方信贷，以支持该项目的实施。印度的一批著名企业，也从这次中国采购团中拿到了大量的订单。由此可见，两国经贸合作有着巨大的潜力和广阔的前景。中方理解印方对双边贸易不平衡的关切，愿意为印方信息技术产品、药品和农产品进入中国市场提供更多便利。同时，我们双方应当妥善处理贸易摩擦，反对各种形式的保护主义，共同为启动区域贸易安排谈判创造条件。
跨境河流是养育沿岸人民的生命之源。保护好、利用好、管理好跨境河流，是我们共同的责任。长期以来，为帮助下游地区防灾减灾，中方技术人员在上游地区极为恶劣的自然条件下，克服巨大困难，甚至冒着生命危险，向印方提供汛期水文资料，处理紧急事件。中方重视印方在跨境河流问题上的关切，愿意进一步完善双方联合工作机制，凡是中方能做的，我们都会去做，而且会做得更好。我请印度朋友们放心：中国在上游的任何开发利用，都会经过科学规划和论证，兼顾上下游的利益。
我和辛格总理宣布明年为“中印交流年”。双方要以此为契机，增进相互了解和友谊。我们要重点做好明年两国500名青年互访活动；认真落实在文化、教育等领域达成的协议，中方捐资100万美元支持那烂陀大学重建；鼓励两国地方政府加强交往，发挥民间友好组织的积极作用；推动两国新闻媒体加强交流，努力增进两国人民的理解和友谊。
中印在联合国安理会改革问题上存在共同利益和共识，都主张优先增加发展中国家的代表性。两国加强在安理会改革中的合作，有利于维护发展中国家的利益，有利于国际关系民主化。中方理解并支持印度在联合国包括安理会中发挥更大作用的愿望。作为一个拥有十几亿人口、正在快速发展的大国，印度在国际事务中应该也能够发挥越来越重要的作用。两国还要加强在其他重大国际和地区问题上的协调配合，共同推动亚洲区域、次区域合作进程，致力于促进世界和平与发展。
女士们，先生们：
今天早晨，我怀着崇敬的心情，向圣雄甘地的陵墓献上花圈。我绕陵墓一周，将花瓣撒在每一个地方，仿佛看到了圣雄不屈的身躯和清澈的眼神。为了和平与正义，这位老者不知疲倦，迈着坚毅的步伐，从一个村庄走向另一个村庄。他勇往直前，任何力量、任何人也不能使他停顿下来。这位领导了印度独立运动的著名领袖，生前对中国人民的民族解放事业给予了宝贵支持。这位心洁如镜、充满仁爱之心的老人，一直活在我心中！
中华文明和印度文明曾经交相辉映，深刻影响了人类文明的进程。我坚信，在全球化深入发展的今天，中印两个饱经磨难、自强不息的伟大民族，一定能够焕发勃勃生机，肩负起历史的重托，携手铸就东方文明新的辉煌！
谢谢。
Working Together for New Glories of the Oriental Civilization
2010/12/17 Working Together for New Glories of the Oriental Civilization Addre by H.E.Wen Jiabao Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
At the Indian Council of World Affairs
New Delhi, 16 December 2010 Your Excellency S.M.Krishna, Minister of External Affairs, Ladies and Gentlemen, I want to thank the Indian Council of World Affairs for its warm reception and thoughtful arrangements.It is a great pleasure for me to meet you, distinguished representatives of people from various sectors of India.I know that hundreds of millions of Indians are watching the live coverage of my speech, as are hundreds of millions of Chinese.Standing on this podium, I feel deeply honored and a strong sense of responsibility.First of all, please allow me to extend, on behalf of the Chinese people, warm greetings to the hard-working, talented and great people of India.China and India are two ancient civilizations in the East.We are friendly neighbors sharing common mountains and rivers and our combined population exceeds 2.5 billion.I believe, when our two nations have heart-to-heart communication, the whole world will pay attention and listen to what we say.We have reason to be proud of it.My last visit to India was in 2005 and India's fast development left a deep impreion on me.Over the past five years, India has maintained robust economic growth and made major headway in science and technology.In particular, you have done an exceptional job in tackling the severe international financial crisis.The rise of India has caught the eye of the whole world and added to the confidence and strength of all developing countries, China included.I want to take this opportunity to offer you my sincere congratulations.The Upanishad says, “The truth is above all and is the common foundation of conception.” Prime Minister Singh and I are old friends.We have had long discuions on a dozen occasions and forged a sincere friendship.We both believe that independence, self-ownership and self-improvement are the soul of a nation, and only by staying open and inclusive can a country be strong and prosperous.And we agree that there is enough space in the world for the development of both China and India and enough areas for our two countries to cooperate.Such important consensus is deeply rooted in the time-honored cultural traditions of the two countries and our long history of exchanges.It comes from our correct reading of the international situation and keen understanding of our national interests.For thousands of years, numerous ties have linked China and India closely together.The famous Silk Road witneed many touching stories.Buddhism from India enriched the Chinese culture, while the traditional Chinese culture left its imprint in India.India's sage poet Rabindranath Tagore forged a deep friendship with many famous Chinese scholars.Chinese Sanskrit master Ji Xianlin devoted his whole life to the study and teaching of ancient Indian culture.The long history and profound impact of the exchanges between our two countries are truly rarely seen in the history of world civilization.In pursuing the just cause of fighting colonial rule for national independence and liberation, the Chinese and Indian people sympathized with and supported each other.India's aistance to China's anti-Fascist war has been written into the annals of history, and the heroic deeds of Dr.Dwarkanath Kotnis will be forever engraved on our mind.India was one of the first countries to establish diplomatic relations with the New China, and an ardent advocate for restoring the lawful seat of the People's Republic of China at the United Nations.Together, our two countries initiated the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence and played an important role at the famous Bandung Conference, making outstanding contributions to upholding the independence and solidarity of Asian and African countries and promoting world peace.China and India are two big neighboring countries with different historical and cultural background and social systems.It is hardly avoidable that we may have some disagreements and differences.China-India relations experienced major twists and turns.But they were only a short episode in our 2,000-year history of friendly exchanges.From our rich cultural heritage, we can draw wisdom and courage to face history squarely and work together for the future.Nothing can shake our firm conviction to pursue good-neighborly relations and friendship.Entering the 21st century, both China and India have moved onto the fast track of development, and our bilateral relations have made important headway.We have established the strategic and cooperative partnership for peace and prosperity and set out the “Ten-Pronged Strategy”.Bilateral trade has grown by nearly 20 times within ten years.China has become India's largest trading partner and India is China's largest trading partner in South Asia.We have intensified exchanges, and jointly held a series of major activities.We now have a stronger desire to know more about and learn from each other.China and India have worked in concert to meet global challenges such as climate change, advance the reform of the international financial and economic systems and promote regional cooperation.We have strengthened cooperation within the BRIC and G20 mechanisms, and effectively safeguarded our common interests.Our endeavors have attracted the attention of the entire world.As a Chinese saying goes, “When drinking water, one should think of its source.” The current sound momentum of China-India good-neighborly relations has not come easily.We will always remember the dedicated efforts of the older generations of Chinese and Indian leaders.I wish to take this opportunity to expre heartfelt thanks and pay high tribute to people from all sectors who have long been committed to China-India friendship and cooperation.Ladies and Gentlemen，The world today is undergoing major development, major adjustments and major changes.Peace, development and cooperation remain the theme of our time.The overall strength of developing countries is rapidly rising, and the trend towards a multi-polar world is gaining momentum.On the other hand, factors of insecurity, instability and uncertainty still exist.The prevailing situation has brought both major opportunities and severe challenges to developing countries, China and India included.Our two countries are at a crucial stage of development.We should seize the opportunities and lose no time in expanding and deepening our converging interests and actively advance strategic cooperation and practical cooperation.Only in this way can we speed up development, meet challenges together, share development achievements and usher in a bright future.I believe that China and India have the responsibility and the ability to fulfill this historic miion.China and India share broad consensus and common interests on major international affairs.We both follow an independent foreign policy and a win-win strategy of opening-up.We both stand for a multi-polar world and diversity of civilizations.We both are influential members of many important regional and international institutions and mechanisms.Through closer coordination, we will be able to better uphold and advance our common interests.-China-India relations have gone beyond the bilateral scope and aumed increasing global and strategic significance.The combined population of our two countries accounts for two fifths of the world's total.To enable our two peoples to lead a peaceful and prosperous life is a great undertaking unprecedented in human history.It is also the biggest contribution that China and India can make to the world.The common development of China and India will give a strong boost to Asia's revitalization.And better coordination between China and India will greatly enhance the strength and confidence of developing countries and contribute to a more just and equitable international order.Ladies and Gentlemen, This year marks the 60th anniversary of China-India diplomatic ties.It is a new starting point for our relations.My visit to your country has been succeful and fruitful.I had candid and in-depth discuions with Prime Minister Singh.We reached broad consensus on furthering China-India strategic cooperation.The preing task now is to turn consensus into reality.We have decided to launch the mechanism of regular mutual visits by heads of state and government to provide stronger political guidance to the development of our relations.China stands ready to work with India to intensify exchanges and multi-level consultations between political parties and in the military field to enhance political and strategic mutual trust.China always views India's development and growing strength in a positive light and regards India as an important partner and friend.China and India should always be partners and friends.We should never be rivals.We should tell this to everyone.Let this be our shared conviction.The China-India boundary question is a historical legacy.It will not be easy to completely resolve this question.It requires patience and will take a fairly long period of time.Only with sincerity, mutual trust and perseverance can we eventually find a fair, reasonable and mutually acceptable solution.In recent years, we have put in place the special representatives' meeting mechanism and formulated the political parameters and guiding principles.We have had good dialogue and communication, and expreed the sincere desire to work together to resolve the boundary question.In the face of difficulty, the most important thing to do is to pre ahead along the right track, narrow differences step by step, build consensus and increase confidence.We should step up consultation and coordination on border affairs and maintain peace and tranquility in the border areas.We should work together to hit the target of US$100 billion in two-way trade by 2015.During my visit, the busine communities of the two countries have signed over 40 economic and trade cooperation agreements with a total value of over US$16 billion.Before that, the Shanghai Electric Group of China and other two Chinese companies signed with their Indian counterparts contract of 59 coal-fired power generating units worth up to US$8.3 billion.These units are installations of efficient and clean energy.During this visit, China has agreed to provide over US$4 billion in buyer's credit for the implementation of this project.A number of well-known Indian businees have obtained considerable orders from the Chinese procurement miion.All this shows that our busine cooperation enjoys huge potential and broad prospects.China understands India's concern over the bilateral trade imbalance.We are ready to take measures to facilitate acce of Indian IT products, pharmaceuticals and farm produce to the Chinese market.Meanwhile, our two sides should handle appropriately trade frictions, oppose all forms of protectionism, and jointly create conditions for the launch of regional trade arrangement negotiations.Trans-border rivers are a source of livelihood for the people living along the rivers.To properly preserve, utilize and manage the trans-border rivers is our shared responsibility.Over the years, in order to help the downstream areas with disaster prevention and mitigation, the Chinese technical personnel have defied the hostile natural conditions in the upper reaches, overcome tremendous difficulties and even risked their lives to handle emergencies and to collect flood season hydrological data that are shared with India.China takes seriously India's concern about the trans-border rivers, and we are ready to further improve the joint working mechanism.We will do whatever we can and do it even better.I would like to aure our Indian friends that all the upstream development activities by China will be based on scientific planning and study and will take into consideration of both upstream and downstream interests.Prime Minister Singh and I have announced that next year will be the Year of China-India Exchange.The two sides should take this opportunity to enhance mutual understanding and friendship.We should focus our efforts on youth mutual visits by 500 young people from both countries next year.We should earnestly implement the agreements in culture and education.In this regard, China will provide US$1 million for the reconstruction of the Nalanda University.We should encourage greater exchanges between local governments and give full play to the role of people's friendship organizations.And we should promote more interactions between the media with a view to enhancing the understanding and friendship between our two peoples.China and India have shared interests and common views on the iue of the UN Security Council reform.We both maintain that priority should be given to increasing the representation of developing countries.Closer cooperation between our two countries on Security Council reform will help uphold the interests of developing countries and promote democracy in international relations.China understands and supports India's desire to play a bigger role in the United Nations, including its Security Council.As a fast-growing big country with over one billion people, India should and can play an increasingly important role in international affairs.Our two countries should also step up coordination and collaboration on other major international and regional iues, work together to advance regional and sub-regional cooperation in Asia, and devote our efforts to promoting world peace and development.Ladies and Gentlemen, This morning, I went to the Raj Ghat and laid a wreath in great reverence.I walked around the tomb, spreading petals to every corner of it.I felt as if I could see Mahatma Gandhi's unyielding image and clear eyes.For peace and justice, Mahatma Gandhi travelled from one village to another with firm steps, knowing no fatigue.He was intrepid, and so much so that no force or individual could make him stop.This celebrated leader of India's independence movement gave valuable support to the national liberation endeavor of the Chinese people.This great man, a man of love and integrity, has always lived in my heart.In history, the Chinese and the Indian civilizations added radiance to each other, and had a profound impact on the course of human civilization.I am convinced that in today's increasingly globalized world, China and India, two great nations that have gone through so many trials and tribulations, will, as always, remain vibrant, live up to the important miion bestowed by history, and work together for new glories of the Oriental civilization.Thank you.
