女王圣诞演讲文体分析 英文_英国女王圣诞演讲翻译

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A Brief Stylistic Analysis of the Christmas Broadcast 2012 As a tradition, the Queen of the Great Britain delivered a speech on Dec.25, 2012.She reviewed important things happened the whole year and wished everyone a happy Christmas.Actually we can find a lot of stylistic features.The exploration will be carried out in five perspectives, phonological, graphological, lexical, syntactical and semantic analyses.At the phonological level To speak in appropriate terms, the queen speaks in moderate tempo, not too slowly nor too fast.She speaks so smoothly that almost the whole speech shares the same speed.These features are related to her status.As a queen, she should behave decently and elegantly.So, it is no wonder that we cannot find overexcitement in the speech which is even delivered on Christmas day.Secondly, the speech was characterized by many silent pauses.Each pause signals the end of a thought unit.For example, after talking about the Diamond Jubilee, she pauses.It gives the audience time to remind what she has said and to concentrate on what she will say.At the graghological level Before the speech, we see symphony orchestra play.It creates a dignified atmosphere of the speech.The shots switch from the queen and the occasion she mentions during the speech.It can remind the audience of the scene of the event.Also it plays the carol to fit the speech before and after the queen quotes the carol.The speech is divided into many short paragraphs in one conspicuous praphological marker.There are 14 paragraphs, and many of them just contain one or two sentences.The function is that the queen can say a lot of things briefly.For example, she uses three short paragraphs to talk about the Olympic Games.She mentions the Olympic flame, the athletes and the army of volunteers, which is so comprehensive.At the lexical level The words she uses are quite formal and standard, but almost all of them are not difficult to understand.For example, tribute, enormous, tremendous, triumph, etc.Also, we can find lots of phrases including none phrases, verb phrases and prepositional phrases, such as take the trouble to, take tribute to, in evidence from, on their own, etc.All of them make the speech formal and decent.Besides, the queen uses a lot of favorable words.We can find enthusiasm, wonderful, tremendous, triumph, cheer, nominated, best interests, excitement, love, service, etc.these words can reflect the noble status of the queen.At the syntactic level Totally, there are 31 sentences.15 of them are complex sentences and 1 is compound sentence.The rest are simple sentences.The average sentence length is 19.45 words, which is large than the average number, 17.8 per sentence.The reason to use relatively long sentence lies in the fact that it can provide more information and make the speech more accurate and formal.Meanwhile, the speech usually alternates between the use of long and short, complex and simple sentences to make the audience easier to understand and give variety to the rhythm.That same spirit was also in evidence from the moment the Olympic flame arrived on these shores.(short and simple sentence)The flame itself drew hundreds and thousands of people on its journey around the British Isles, and was carried by every kind of deserving individual, many nominated for their own extraordinary service.(long and compound sentence)There are two main tenses in the speech-----the simple past tense and the simple present tense.From the beginning to the seventh paragraph, simple past tense is the prevailing one.She talks about the Diamond Jubilee and the Olympic Games happened last year.And using simple past tense to provide the facts makes them more convincing.Then, from the eighth paragraph to the end, she uses simple present tense mainly.Since she changes the topic and eulogizes togetherne, love and service.Also, she exprees her best wishes to everyone.Obviously, the simple present tense is the best choice there.At the semantic level We can see that the queen uses a lot of rhetorical devices to enhance her expreivene.The first one is parallelism, which makes the speech more rhythmical.…in our armed forces, in our emergency services and in our hospitals…(“in our…”structure)

If I were a shepherd, I would bring a lamb;if I were a wise man, I would do my part(“If I were…I would…” structure)

We can also find contrast in the speech.It can stre what the speaker wants to say.For many, Christmas is also a time for coming together.But for others, service will come first.Here, the queen wants to praise “others”----who still work on Christmas day for their spirit of service.Contrast can strengthen the praise.In many occasions, we can also find euphemism.As a queen, she should take all kinds of people into account, including “those who have lost loved ones”.And those who have lost loved ones may find this day especially full of memories.That's why it's important at this time of year to reach out beyond our familiar relationships to think of those who are on their own.Alliteration and consonance are used in the speech to make it more colorful and beautiful.“On the barges and the bridges and the banks…” “…hundreds and thousands…” “…safe, supported and comforted”

Here, barge, bridge and bank share the same initial sound “b”;safe, supported share the same initial sound “s”.They are alliteration.Barges and bridges share the same consonants “ges”;hundreds and thousands share the same sound “ds”;supported and comforted share the same sound “orted”.They are consonance.In the end of the speech, the queen quotes the carol to stre the spirit of love and service and make the speech more meaningful.The carol, In the Bleak Midwinter, ends by asking a question of all of us who know the Christmas story, of how God gave himself to us in humble service: 'What can I give him, poor as I am? If I were a shepherd, I would bring a lamb;if I were a wise man, I would do my part'.The carol gives the answer 'Yet what I can I give himgive my heart'.I wish you all a very happy Christmas.