六年级英语可数名词与不可数名词教案_小学英语不可数名词
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小学六年级英语可数名词与不可数名词教案
可数名词与不可数名词“分家”
一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别
普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体,如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物,如people, family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质,如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念,如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。
二、可数名词的家务事
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下:
1.一般的名词词尾直接加-s。如:
book → books room → rooms
house → houses day → days
2.以s, , ch, sh, x 结尾的名词,在词尾加-es。如:
bus → buses gla → glaes
watch → watches
dish → dishes box → boxes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加-es。如:
city → cities body → bodies
factory → factories等等。
4.以f 或fe 结尾的名词,要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如:
half → halves leaf → leaves
knife → knives wife → wives
5.特例 [悄悄话:特例常常考,要记住。]
① child → children
② man → men woman → women
policeman → policemen
(规律:man → men)
③ tomato → tomatoes
potato → potatoes
[悄悄话: 初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es,其余的当然加-s喽!如:photo → photos ]
④ foot → feet tooth → teeth
[悄悄话: oo变成ee。]
⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形 [悄悄话: 变复数时词形不变。]
⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义,要求谓语动词用复数; people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。
三、不可数名词的家务事
1.不可数名词没有复数,当它作句子的主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。如:
The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。
2.有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词,有复数形式,但他们的意义往往发生变化。如:
water(水)→ waters(水域)
orange(橘汁)→ oranges(橘子)
3.很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数,表示种类时就可数,但意义大多不发生变化。如:
fruit → fruits food → foods
fish → fishes hair → hairs
用所给名词的适当形式填空。
1.How many________(sheep)are there on the hill?
2.There is some________(food)in the basket.3.The baby has only two________(tooth)now.4.There is a lot of________(water)in the bottle.5.There are five________(people)in his family.6.Let's take________(photo), OK?
7.I have lots of________(tomato)here.8.The________(leaf)on the tree turn-yellow.9.The________(child)are playing games
on the playground now.10.Their________(dictionary)look new.11.I see you have a few white________(hair).12.They are________(woman)doctors.13.Can you give me some bottles of ____(orange), please?
14.There are many________(fox)in the picture.15.I would like some apple________(juice).I am very thirsty.参考答案:
1.sheep 2.food 3.teeth 4.water 5.people 6.photos 7.tomatoes 8.leaves 9.children 10.dictionaries 11.hair, hairs 12.women 13.orange 14.foxes 15.juice