六年级英语单词拼读规则教案_英语单词拼读规则汇编
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五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u), 每个发两种音:长音(其字母音)和短音 y不在单词开头时,一般被看做元音
2.单元音单词拼读(Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Combinations)如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音, 且元音不在末尾,这个元音一般发短音.如: Sam, cat, mat, 等等.Beginning Consonants Ending Consonants One Vowel Word, Short Vowel Sounds 3.双元音单词拼读(Two Vowel Words): 一个单词或音节里有两个元音时,一般来说,前边一个元音发长音(其字母音),后边一个元音不发音.6.特殊读法(2)如果一个单词或音节里只有一个元音,而且元音在末尾,这个元音一般发长音(其字母音)(Vowel at the end).如:me, hi, go, baby, table, humor,hibernate 等等。Y在末尾(作为元音处理)(y at the end):
单音节词, 没有其他元音,y发“I”(one syllable word, y at the end(pronounced as “I”)): my, why, fly, sky “c” 和 “k” 在一起时,发一个音: quick, black等.“q” 总是和“u”在一起:quite, quick, quit, quilt等.“p”和 “h”在一起, 发/f/的音: phone, photo.复数s及末尾s的读音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s)c和g 的两种读音: 如果i(或y)或者 e 跟在c或者g的后边, c发/s/, g发/j/的音: center, cigar, nice, mice, gem, giant, gym, page.其他情况下, c发/k/, g发/g/: can, clap, cup, great, glad, got, goat, log.特殊情况: get, give
六年级英语单词拼读规则教案
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母
读 音 例 词
在开音节中
[ei] name plane Jane baby cake a 在闭音节中 [æ]
bag dad hat map black back
在开音节中
[i:] he these me Chinese e 在闭音节中 [e]
bed let pen desk yes egg
在开音节中
[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite i 在闭音节中 [i]
fish big drink sit milk swim
在开音节中
[ou] those close go hoe home no o 在闭音节中 [ ]
clock not box shop sock
在开音节中
[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
u 在闭音节中
[ ]
bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母在辅音字母后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler superj l r su
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音
例 词
[ ]
China another woman breakfast a [i] orange comrade village cabbage [ ]
hundred student open weekend e [i]
chicken pocket begin children i [ ]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal [ai] [ ] o [ u] [ ] u [ju:]
exercise satellite
second tonight somebody welcome also zero photo autumn diffcult
popular congratulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February iuej l r s 在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母即可以读作[ ]音,也可以读作[i]音。a e i
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母 a在[w]音后面
读 音 例 词 [ ]
want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp st after plant graph ask grasp gla
[α:] th前 fast father i在-nd-ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st-ld前 o在m n v th前
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 ar
[ou] most postcard old cold [ ]
come monkey love mother
读 音 例 词
[α:] car farm dark sharpenerar在[w]音后面 [ :] warm quarter towards or
[ :] forty morning short or在[w]音后面 [ :] word worker worse er ir ur
[ :] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[ ]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词
are [ε ] care dare hare ere [i ] here mere ire [ai ] fire hire wire ore [ :] more score before ure [ju ]
pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 ai/ay air al al在f m前
au/aw ea ear ee eer ei/ey eu/ew在 j l r s后 ie/ei[s]音之后 oa
读 音 例 词
[ei] afraid rain wait day play [ε ] air hair chair pair repair [ ]
small ball talk wall all
[ :l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
[ :] autumn daughter draw [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e]
heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
[i ] hear dear near clear year
[ε ] bear pear wear swear [ :] earth learn early
[i:] jeep week green three [i ] pioneer deer beer [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
[ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew jewelry [i:] piece field receive [ou] coat Joan boat goaloar/oor [ :] roar board door floor oi/oy [ i] noise point boy toilet [u:] broom food tooth school oo
[u]
book look cook foot good
[au] flower house count down [ou] know row throw though ou/ow
[ ]
young country enough
[u:] group you soup [ :] course your four our
[au ] our hour ours [ :] journey ui
[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition 在j l r s后
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词 ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey ow
[ou]
yellow sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读[ ]音或[i]。
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee-sion-tion [ n] impreion nation-sion在元音字母后 [ n] vision decision occasion-tion在s后 [ n] question suggestion-sten
[sn]
listen-stle [sl] whistle-sure [ ] pleasure measure-ture
[ ]
picture culture
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如:
everyday[ei]
handbag[æ]
blackboard[ :]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如:
sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天
holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日
break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 > breakfast[ ] 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板[ :] > cupboard[ ] 碗柜
九、辅字组的读音
读
辅字组
例 词 音
b [b] bike bus bag [/] bomb tomb
c
cake picture coat [k] c在e前或在i/ymusic 前 [s] face decide cinema
much chick rich [ ]
teacher ch
school headache [k]
chemistry [ ] machine Chicago
cock pocket black-ck [k]
knock
doctor bread hand d [d]
day-dge [ ] bridge fridge children driver dr-[dr]
drink f [f] five four breakfast g [ ] bag gardon go g在e i/y前 [ ] orange large German [f] cough enough gh [/] light daughter high gu--gue
gue league [ ] gu在非重读音节
dialogue 中 [ w] language anguish [h] hot head house hand h [/] hour honest
jeep jar joke join j [ ]
July
kind bike skate make k [k]
week kn-[n] knife know knock
life milk school l [l]
tall m [m] monkey come autumn-mn [m] autumn column solemn n [n] not shine ten note n在[k] [g]音前 [ ] uncle thank hungry-ng [ ] morning young wrong
paper plane pig ship p [p]
pen
elephant photo ph [f]
telephone q [k] Iraq qu-[kw] quality quite r [r] red rubber ruler s在词首或清辅[s] sit sleep desk 音前
元音字母间或浊[z] music husband 辅音前
[sk] scarlet sc-[s] muscle science sh [ ] she fish shirt wash t在通常情况下 [t] ten letter meet 在弱读字母ia ie [ ] patient nation io前 tch [ ] watch th在通常情况下 [θ] thin thirty method 在冠词 代词 介[ ] the these with than 词 连词中
clothe father 在词尾-the [ ]
weather-ther中 tree train country tr-[tr]
truck
very voice love v [v]
leave
week win wake sweet [w] w
wait [/] answer two wh-[w] what when white why wh-在字母o前 [h] who whose whole x [ks] box text exercise 在重读元音前 [gz] examle exist exact wr-[r] write
yes yard yellow y-[j]
young z [z] puzzle zero zoo
十、英语语音名词解释
1.音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节([m] [n] [ ] [l]例外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。2.音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。例如:let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter ②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于前面一个音节。
例如:长音
短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther 3.重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。
4.开音节 ①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home ex-cuse.5.闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如:bag egg fish not cup 6.双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如:´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed 含有a-be-de-re-in-ex-等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如:
a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor 7.多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如:´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion 词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion 的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scien´tific im´preion ´nation