状语从句教案_状语从句教案正式
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状语从句
定义:在复合句中作状语的从句
(2)as “一边一边”“随着”引导持续性动作,侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生 I saw your sister as she was getting on the bus yesterday.He sang as he walked.(3)While:指的是“在某一时间里”,“在…期间”,从句里的动作必须是持续性的,它也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生,往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比.He is tall while his brother is short 注意:如果同时出现,用when 位置:状语的位置比较灵活,可以位于句首、句末或句中。
分类:按意义可分为时间、条件、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步.方式、比较等状语从句。一 时间状语从句(主将从现)before用法(1)在…之前(2)“就”、“才”
1.基本类:before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as
it is/will be +一段时间+before+句子“还要多久才,多久之后才/就”
2.名词类(由名词词组充当引导词):the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,till和until用法
(一…就…);every time, each time, the last time, the first time, by the time,(1)都可以用于肯定句,译为“直到。才”
3.副词类(由副词充当引导词):immediately, directly, instantly,(一...就...)soon after, shortly after
4.句型类no sooner…than…, hardly… when…, scarcely…when/before.(一…就…)
用法:(1)中间用过去完成时,后面用一般过去式。
(2.)no sooner/hardly/scarcely放在句首时,过去完成时句子部分倒装,后面不倒装。No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.(必背)
1、连接词when、while、as ⑴when①“正当…时候”,即可引导持续性动作,又可引导短暂性动作。
可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。如: When I was a boy, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.(同时)When the leon was over, we began our writing.(从句动作在前)When 的四个短语 be about to do sth when … 正要做。。这时
be doing sth when …正在做。。这时
be on the point of doing sth when …正要做。。这时
just …when …正。。这时
(2)否定句不用till,用until,短语“not …until..”直到。才。(3)放在句首表示强调时一般用until不用till
eg Until he returns,nothing can be done
(4)倒装句:not until 放句首,后面第二个句子部分倒装。
(5)强调句:结构 it is not until +被强调部分+that + 其他since 用法
since结构 现在完成时+since+过去时 since强调句 it is +一段时间+since +过去时
二 条件状语从句(主将从现)
引导词: if(如果), unle=if…not(除非,如果不), as long as =so long as(只要), in case(that)(以防,万一), on condition that(只要,条件是), if only(要是...多好), only if(只要), supposing/ suppose(假设,如果)provided that /providing(如果),auming that(假设)seeing that(考虑到,鉴于),considering that(考虑到), given that(假设)
三 地点状语从句
常用引导词:where,wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.eg It is such an interesting book that she has read it twice.注意:1不可数名词一定与such连用 2可数名词复数一定与such连用 3 little译为“少的”与so 连用,译为“小的”通常与such 连用。
七 让步状语从句(主将从现)
引导词:though, although, as(尽管,虽然), even if, even though(即使), while(然
四 原因状语从句
而,尽管,一般用在句首)wh-ever, no matter wh-, whether…or…(不管。还是。。)常用引导词:because(因为), since(既然), as(由于), now that(既然),注意:1.although,though.不与but连用,可与still,yet连用
in that(因为),.2.as/though引导让步状语从句时从句部分语序要部分倒装。
because, since,as的区别:
结构:n.(无冠词)/adj./adv./v +as/though +主语+谓语(时态)
eg:Young as he is, he can read and write in several foreign languages.五 目的状语从句
Child as he was, he had to support the family.(表语名词提前并常省去冠词)
引导词:so that(以便于), in order that(以便于,为了),lest(以防), in case3、no matter wh-…只用于让步状语从句,wh+ever用于让步状语从句和名词性从句,同(以防,万一), for fear that(以防,担心,害怕),in the hope that(希望能), for the
时出现用wh+ever
purpose that(为了), to the end that(为了)
八 比较状语从句
六 结果状语从句
常用引导词:as(同级比较):as…as..(和…一样)not as/so as(不如…)
引导连词有so that(以便于), so….that, such….that…(如此。。以至于…)
than(不同程度的比较)1.so…that… 与such…that… 的区别 so +adj./adv.+that so +adj.+a/an +可数名词单数+ that so +many/much/few/little+名词+that eg :It is so interesting a book that she has read it twice such +a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that such +adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that such +a lot of/lots of +可数名词复数/不可数名词+that
特殊引导词:the 比较级。。,the +比较级…;(越…,越…)
越来越…(比较级and 比较级,more and more +多音节adj/adv)
just as …(正如),A is to B what /as C is to D(A对于B就像C对于D);
no … more than(不如。。)
九 方式状语从句
引导词: as(象….一样,正如),as if/as though(好像,似乎)
how/however +adj/adv +主语+谓语(体现时态),the way(像。。的方式)