新概念第二册第10课教案_新概念第二册第10课

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leon 10 Not for jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐

New words and expreions 生词和短语 ☆jazz n.爵士音乐 play jazz 演奏爵士乐

eg.They tried to play jazz on the piano.他们试图在钢琴上演奏爵士音乐。

claical music 古典音乐

folk music 民族音乐

country music 乡村音乐

pop(popular)music 流行音乐 rock and roll 摇滚乐

rap 拉普乐（说唱音乐）☆ musical adj.音乐的music n.音乐(不可数)

a piece of music 一首音乐 concert ['kɔnsət] [C] 音乐会

musical adj.音乐的musician n.音乐家

a music leon 一堂音乐课

a music teacher 音乐教师

a music lover 音乐爱好者

a piece of music 一首音乐 face the music 面对失败；面对不愿面对而又不得不面对之事（说法：1.新演员初上舞台非常紧张，但是音乐响起了，不得不上舞台，必须去面对音乐，面对自己不敢面对的事情；2.新兵入伍后参加军事检阅，军乐响起来了，不得不按照节拍去走，哪怕再紧张也没有用。）

a musical instrument 一件乐器

a misical performance 乐器演奏 a musical score [skɔ:] 乐谱

musical voice 美妙的声音 ☆instrument n.乐器

instrument = musical instrument-----What kind of musical instrument can you play?-----I can play the guitar.我会弹吉他。-----I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。-----I can play the violin.我会拉小提琴。

-----I can play the saxophone ['sæksə,fəʊn].我会吹萨克斯管。instrument中的----ment是名词后缀

movement 移动

government 政府 judgement 判断

argument 争论，证据 ☆clavichord n.古钢琴

☆recently adv.最近

recently=lately 常用在现在完成时以及过去时中

eg.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.最近它被一位客人弄坏了。eg.They have recently bought a new car.他们最近刚刚买了一辆新车。eg.Have you seen him recently.最近你见过他吗? recent adj.最近的，最新的more recent;most recent eg.In recent years there have been great changes.在最近几年有很大的变化。

eg.What is the most recent news? 什么是最新的消息? eg.The photograph seemed quite recent.这张照片看起来很新是最近照的。

☆ damage v.损坏

1damage n.[U] [C] ○1)损失 [U] a lot of damage 大量损失 damage to sth 对„„的损失 damage to the car 对车辆造成的损失 damage to crops 对庄稼造成的损失

damage to one's reputation 对某人名声造成的损失 2)damages 赔偿 [C] 2damage v.损坏 ○1)部分损坏

break 打断 cut 剪，砍，割 crush [krʌʃ] 压坏，捣坏 tear 撕 stain [stein] 弄脏 都包含在damage 范围之内 2)损害

eg.Smoking can damage your health.吸烟有害于你的健康。to damage relations between two countries 损害两国之间的关系 to damage one's career[kə'riə] 损坏某人的职业 damage one's good name 损害某人的好名声

damage;destroy;hurt;break;spoil 都是动词，有“破坏，伤害”的意思。区别：

damage„„损坏程度不大，可以修复（部分损坏）destroy„„严重破坏，无法修复

hurt„„（指人）受伤害（包括肉体和感情的伤害）

No one was seriously hurt in the traffic accident.在这次交通事故中没有人受重伤。

He carelely hurt her feelings.他不经意中伤了她的感情。

break——打破，打断，打碎,摔坏

The boy broke his leg yesterday.spoil-----把东西的质量变得不好；生活中不顺心的事;宠坏，溺爱

His parents spoiled the boy.☆key n.琴键 1.琴键

2.钥匙：key to the door 3.答案: Do you know the key to the question? 4.关键: key structure 5.【音】调： The song is written in the key of D.☆string n.1.（乐器的）弦

There are four strings on a violin.小提琴有四根弦。2.线;细绳;带子[U][C]（比 cord 细，比thread粗）a piece of string 一条绳子 a ball of string 一卷绳子

I need a piece of string to tie this parcel up.我需要一根细绳把这包裹扎起来。

☆shock v.使不悦或生气，震惊

shocking adj.令人震惊的shocked adj.感到震惊的 [复习]跟人的情绪有关的动词的宾语往往是“人”：It shocked me.凡是能够用“人”做宾语,又是表示人的情绪活动的动词,有两个形容词形式:1.令人„„；2.感到„„

如：boring/bored;

surprising/surprised;

exciting/excited;interesting/interested等等 It is shocking.I'm shocked.shock n.sb get a shock:某人很吃惊 shock/surprise的区别： 共同点：都是吃惊，没想到

不同点：任何一件事没想到都是surprise,好事坏事都可。而shock一定是让人不高兴的。

be surprised 对„„感到惊讶（中性）be shocked 震惊（贬）be astonished 目瞪口呆，傻了 be surprised at/by sth 对„..感到吃惊 be shocked at/by sth 对„„感到震怒/震惊 be astonished at/by sth 对„..感到目瞪口呆 ☆allow v.允许，让（常常用于被动语态）1)allow doing„..允许做

eg.We don't allow smoking.我们不允许吸烟。Smoking is allowed here.2)allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事

eg.My mean bo doesn't allow me to use the telephone.我那个吝啬的老板不允许我使用电话。You are allowed to smoke here.Now we are not allowed to touch it.3)授与人„eg.He allows his son too much money.allowance [ə'lauəns] n.津贴；补助；零用钱(Am.)eg.make an allowance of 5% for cash payment 付现金打9.5折 make allowances for 考虑到 ☆touch v.触摸

1.触摸: She lightly touched his forehead.她轻轻地摸了摸他的前额。

2.感动: I was touched beyond words.我感动得无法言表。

touched/moved/excited 感动的（主语多是人）touching/moving/exciting 令人感动的（主语多是物）３.vi.摸起来（可以跟形容词）半系动词

类似的词有：sound 听起来 taste 尝起来 look 看起来 The desk touches smooth.这桌子摸起来很光滑。The fish smells good.这鱼闻起来很好。

The story sounds interesting.这故事听起来令人感兴趣。★Text We have an old musical instrument.It is called a clavichord.It was made in Germany in 1681.Our clavichord is kept in the living room.It has belonged to our family for a long time.The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.She tried to play jazz on it!She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.My father was shocked.Now we are not allowed to touch it.It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.参考译文

我家有件古乐器，被称作古钢琴，是1681年德国造的。我们的这架古钢琴存放在 起居室里。我们家有这件乐器已经很久了，是我祖父在很多年以前买的。可它最近被一个客人弄坏了，因为她用它来弹奏爵士乐。她在击琴键时用力过猛，损坏了两根琴弦。我父亲大为吃惊，不许我们再动 它。父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器。１.We have an old musical instrument.☆have 有，拥有

eg.I have many friends.当“有，拥有”讲时，无被动态和进行时态 have 是一个很活泼的词，有很多的意思

have breakfast

have a good time 玩得开心 have a swollen['swəʊlən] face 脸浮肿

have a headache 头疼

have a fever 发烧

have a running nose 流鼻涕

have sth done 由别人做某事

have something to do with 与„„有关系 have nothing to do with 与„„没有关系 have anything to do with 与„„有任何关系 have to do sth 不得不做某事 ２.It is called a clavichord.☆变为主动语态为：We call it a clavichord.３．It was made in Germany in 1681.☆be made be made in+地点 表示产地

be made in + 时间 表示制作于某时 be made of/be made from+材料：由„„制造 be made of:能看出原料

eg: The ring is made of gold.be made from:看不出原料/多种原料

eg: It is made from plastic.be made into+成品：被制成eg:The gold is made into a ring.be made by sb 被„..制造

eg.This cake was made by my sister.这只蛋糕是我姐姐制作的。be made for 为„..做的eg.This cake was made for you.这只蛋糕是为你制作的。４.Our clavichord is kept in the living room.☆变为主动语态为：We keep our clavichord in the living room.５.It has belonged to our family for a long time.☆belong to 属于（无被动）

belong为不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。另外，它是一个表示状态的动词，不是行为动词，所以也不能用于进行时。它最常用的时态是一般现在时和一般过去时：

类似的词还有: happen 发生 take place 发生 have 有 ６.The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.☆变为主动语态为：My grandfather bought it many years ago.７.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.☆变为主动语态为：Recently a visitor damaged it.８.She tried to play jazz on it!☆play 1.跟球类连用，直接+球类：play football 2.跟乐器连用，+the+乐器：play the piano 在乐器上：play music on+乐器

９.She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.☆too 太，过多（贬）

eg.You think too much.你想得太多了。eg.You work too hard.你工作太勤奋了。☆break-broke-broken break vt.eg.She broke two strings.她弄断两根琴弦。

eg.She fell and nearly broke her neck.她摔倒，差点摔断脖子。broken adj.断了的，破了的 eg.The gla is broken.玻璃碎了。Eg.The book is broken.这书太破了。eg.The strings were broken.琴弦断了。

☆并列连词and在这里的意义相当于so，表示后一句是前一句的结果。如：He fell heavily and broke his arm.他摔得很重，手臂都摔断了。１０.Now we are not allowed to touch it.☆to touch it是主语补足语

主动态为：Now my my father does not allow us to touch it.to touch it是宾语补足语

１１.It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.☆变为主动语态为：Ａ friend of my father's is repairing it.☆双重所有格/双重属格：

名词+of+名词所有格/名词性的物主代词 只有一张照片：my photo 很多照片中的一张：a photo of mine/one of my photos 强调很多个当中的一个或几个，选用双重属格结构。

☆☆☆ 被动语态

时

态 构

成（例句）一般现在主语+Is/am/are called.一般过去

主语+was/were+called.一般将来

主语+will+be+called.现在进行

主语+is/am/are+being+called.过去进行

主语+was/were+being+called.现在完成主语+have/has+been+called.过去完成主语+had+been+called.过去将来

主语+would+be+called.