精读教案3_大学汉语精读3教案

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Unit 3 Career

Teaching Time: six periods Part I Pre-learning I.Teaching Aims

By the end of this leon, students should be able to: A.Know the special terms of occupations and career.B.Understand how to make invitations and accept or refuse them.C.Master the skills of describing one’s appearance.D.Grasp the words or phrases related to jobs.II.Teaching Important and Difficult Points Cultural Background A.Choosing your career(选择职业)Your career choice determines the course that your life will take–----It determines how succeful you are, how happy you are and whether you live a good, bad or indifferent life.You have to think though what you want to achieve with your life in

important areas such as your career, your family, artistic or sporting goals and public service.A crucial part of this is setting if the major focus of your life is to spend a lot of time with your family and contribute to voluntary organizations, then you must recognize that this with limit the time and effort you can dedicate to your career.If you want to focus exclusively on your career, then you must understand and manage the consequences.Bear in mind that your priorities will probably change over time –many people focus completely on their careers in their twenties as they make a place for themselves in the world.In their thirties, they may take more of a family focus, and other things may become important later on –this is a normal part of life.B.Planning your career(规划职业)In order to choose an appropriate career which suits your abilities, skills, ambitions and ideals, you have to plan your career very carefully.Here are the steps you can follow:

1)Develop a career plan.Think about what you want to do and find out more about the kind of training, education, and skills you will need to achieve your career goal.2)Ae your skills and interests.Think hard about what you enjoy, what you are good at, what kind of personality you are, and the values you hold.3)Research occupations.Find out more about the nature of the jobs that interest you, such as educational requirements, salary, working conditions, future outlook, and anything else that can help you narrow your focus.4)Compare your skills and interests with the occupations you’ve selected.The career that matches your skills, interest, and personality the closest may be the career for you.5)Choose your career goal.Once you’ve decided what occupation matches up best with you, then you can begin developing a plan to reach your career goal.C．Different types of people take related careers(不同的人适合不同类型的职业)The Realistic Personality Type: 1)Likes to work with animals, tools, or machines;2)Generally avoids social activities like teaching, counseling, nursing, and informing others;

3)Has good skills in working with tools, mechanical drawings, machines or animals;4)Values practical things you can see and touch –like plants and animals you can grow, or things you can build or make better;5)Sees self as practical, mechanical, and realistic;In the realistic group, for example, there are jobs like animal caretaker, farmer, firefighter, guard, police detective, architect, engineer, surveyor, inspector, cost estimator, aircraft pilot, upholsterer, plumber, carpenter, mason, mechanic, sailor, production manager, driver, operator, clerk, librarian, chef, jeweler, welder, computer programmer, optician, appliance repairer, landscape architect, electrician, etc The Investigation Personality Type: 1)Likes to study and solve math or science problems;2)Generally avoids leading, selling, or persuading people;3)Has good skills at understanding and solving science and math problems;4)Values science, and sees self as precise, scientific, and intellectual.In the investigation group, for example, there are jobs like scientist, astronomer, chemist, geologist, meteorologist, physicist, urban planner, sociologist, marketing researcher, historian, economist, dentist, surgeon, biomedical engineer, information system manager, computer software

engineer, network administrator, statistician, computer support specialist, curator, actuary, lab technician, etc.The Artistic Personality Type: 1)Likes to do creative activities like art, drama, crafts, dance, music, or creative writing;2)Generally avoids highly ordered or repetitive activities;3)Has good artistic abilities –in creative writing, drama, crafts, music, or art;4)Values the creative arts-like drama, music, art, or the works of creative writers;5)Sees self as expreive, original, and independent.In the Artistic group, for example, there are jobs like biographer, editor,writer,poet,architect,cartoonist，commercial/graphic/industrial/interior designer, painter, sculptor, photographer, actor /actre, dancer, director, disk jockey, producer, radio and TV announcer, composer, musician, orchestra conductor, singer, etc.The Social Personality Type: 1)Likes to do things to help people –like teaching, counseling, nursing, or giving information;2)Generally avoids using machines, tools, or animals to achieve a goal;3)Has good skills at teaching, counseling, nursing, or giving information;4)Values helping people and solving social problems;5)Sees self as helpful, friendly, and trustworthy.In the Social group, for example, there are jobs like coach, umpire, recreation and fitne worker, schoolteacher, special education teacher, instructional coordinator, librarian, childcare worker, personal and homecare aid, dietitian, clergy or religious worker, employment counselor, probation officer, social worker, registered nurse, etc.The Enterprising Personality Type: 1)Likes to lead and persuade people, and to sell things and ideas;2)Generally avoids activities that require careful observation and scientific, analytical thinking;3)Is good at leading people and selling things or ideas;4)Values succe in politics, leadership, or busine;5)Sees self as energetic, ambitious, and sociable.In the Enterprising group, for example, there are jobs like counter/rental clerk, sales agent, sales representative, travel agent, hair stylist, bartender, flight attendant, reservation or ticket agent, waiter/waitre, lawyer, judge, busine manager, management consultant, top executive, school superintendent, public relations specialist, reporter, news analyst, desktop publisher, customs inspector, occupational safety and health specialist, etc.The Conventional Personality Type: 1)Likes to work with numbers, records, or machines in a set，orderly way;2)Generally avoids ambiguous, unstructured activities;3)Is good at working with written records and numbers in a systematic, orderly way;4)Values succe in busine;5)Sees self as orderly, and good at following a set plan.In the Conventional group, for example, there are jobs like computer operator, data entry keeper, file clerk, mail carrier, office clerk, measurer/checker, typist, bank teller, cashier, dispatcher, receptionist, switchboard operator, loan officer, secretary, administrative aistant, accounting clerk, billing clerk, book-keeper, stock clerk & order filler, claim examiner, hotel /motel desk clerk, etc.Part II Teaching Procedure Reading I I.Key Language Points 1.nanny: n.a woman whose job is to take care of the children in a

family, usually in the family’s own home 保姆，奶妈

Inflected Form(s): plural nannies

【例句】She found a job as a nanny with wealthy Italian family.她找到一份工作，做一个富有的意大利家庭的保姆。

2.辨析career & profeion Career:

1）n.a profeion for which one trains and which is undertaken as a

permanent calling 需要特别训练的并终身或长期从事的职业；一生的事业

【例句】He realized that his acting career was over.他意识到他的演艺生涯结束了。

【相关搭配】choice of career 职业选择

a career in banking 在银行业的一份职业

a change of career 职业改变

2）adj.career can also be an adjective, which means

profeional 职业的【相关搭配】career soldier 职业军人

career diplomat 职业外交家

career woman /girl职业女性

Profeion：n.1）Profeion is a form of employment, esp.one that is poible

only for an educated person and after training(such as law, medicine, or

teaching)and that is respected in society as honorable

尤指受过教育和专门训练的法律、医学、教育等脑力劳动方面的专业、职业

【例句】He is a lawyer by profeion.他是一位职业律师。

The teaching profeion claim(s)to be badly paid.教师职业宣称待遇非常差。

He was well respected in the medical profeion.他在医药界备受推崇。

【相关搭配】profeional standard 专业标准

a profeional photographer 职业摄影师

profeional foul（体育运动中的）故意犯规

【例句】He is a footballer who turned profeional.他刚转为职业足球运动员。

2）Profeional can also be a noun, which refers to a person who has great

experience and high profeional standards 专业人士；专家；内行

【例句】She’s a real profeional.她是一个专业人士。

3.辨析part-time & full-time

part-time：adj.& adv.working for only part of each day or week 兼职的/地

【相关搭配】a part-time job 兼职

full-time: adj.& adv.just the opposite to part-time, meaning ―working

for all the hours of a week 全职的/地

【相关搭配】a part-time student 非全日制学生

a full-time job 全职工作

a full-time student 全日制学生

4.delicious: adj.highly pleasing or agreeable to the senses, especially

of taste or smell 美味的【相关搭配】a delicious meal 一顿可口的大餐

【例句】After school she made us delicious teas and read us stories in bed.放学后她为我们做了一顿美味的下午茶点，还在床上为我们讲故事。

5.wear:（wore, worn）v.to have something such as clothes, shoes, or

jewelers on your body 穿、戴（衣服，鞋子，珠宝等）

【例句】Susan was wearing a black silk dre.苏珊穿着一套黑色丝织的服装。

He wore glaes for reading.他戴着眼睛看书。

6.uniform: n.a particular type of clothing worn by all the members of a

group or organization such as the police, the army, etc.制服

【例句】He was still wearing his school uniform.他依然穿着校服。

【相关搭配】school /army /police uniform 校服/军装/警服

7.get on with: to form or have a friendly relation 与„„友好相处

【例句】Do you get on well with your bo ? 你和你的老板相处融洽吗？

8.at the time: at the moment when something happened 当时，那时候

【例句】I was living at Beijing at the time.我当时就住在北京。

9.phase: n.one of the stages of a proce of development or change 阶段

【例句】It’s just a phase he’s going through.这只是他

必须要经历的一个人生阶段。

【相关搭配】in/out of phase 同步/不同步；协调/不协调

10.go through: to suffer or experience;endure 遭受

【例句】The country has gone through too many wars.这个国家已经遭受了太多的战争。

【相关搭配】go through fire and flood 赴汤蹈火

11.make it up with: to become friends, again(after a quarrel)和解，言归于好

【例句】It’s time you made it up with your sister.是时候你该和你的姐姐和解了。

They made up after an argument.他们在争论后重归于好了。

12.turn out: to happen in a particular way, or to have a

particular result, especially one that you did not expect 证明是„„，结果是„„，发展为„„

【例句】To my surprise, it turned out that I was wrong.令我惊讶的是，结果出来证明我是错的。

The job turned out to be harder than I thought.这工作结果比我想的更难。

13.apply for: to make a formal request, usually written, for something

such as a job, a place in a university, or permiion to do something

(正式以书面)提出请求或申请，以获得一个大学的一份工作，或获得做某事的许可

【例句】I’ll apply for the job today.今天我要申请这份工作。

【相关搭配】apply sth.to sth.贴，敷，涂

【例句】apply the glue to both surfaces 两面都涂上胶水。

14.a wee bit: rather 有些，有点

【例句】He’ s a wee bit drunk.他有点醉了。

15.take after: to look or behave like(an older relative)

长相或者举止像（某个长辈）（不用于进行式）

【例句】The child took after his father only when seen at a

distance.那个孩子只有在远处看才像他爸爸。

Mary really takes after her mother;she has the same eyes, nose, and hair.玛丽和她妈妈长得很像，她们有一样的眼睛，鼻子和头发。

16.make a decision: to decide after thinking carefully about something，especially about something that is very important下决心，作出决定

【例句】After weeks of sleeple nights, I finally made a decision.经历了几周的不眠夜，我终于做了决定。

【相关搭配】arrive at /come to /reach a decision: to officially decide about

something important after discuing and carefully considering it

经过慎重的讨论和考虑后最终作出决定

【例句】Before reaching a decision the chairman usually talks to senior

managers.在做出决定前，主席通常会找各高级经理谈话。

17.bring up: to educate and care for a child until drown-up 教育，教养（孩子）

【例句】She was brought up to believe that money is not the most important

thing in the world.她自小就被教导金钱并非是世上最重要的东西。

Jack and Tom were born and brought up in the America.杰克和汤姆都出生于美国，并在那里被抚养长大。

18.think of: to take into consideration=think about 考虑；想到

【例句】We are thinking of going to France.我们正在考虑去法国。

I had never thought of becoming a busineman.我从未想过会成为一个生意人。

19.follow in sb.’s footsteps: to follow an example set by someone in the past

继承某人的事业；步某人的后尘

【例句】The girl’s following in her father’s footsteps and studying to be a doctor.这女孩继承她父亲的事业，学习成为一名医生。

20.辨析childish & childlike Childish: adj.1)characteristic of a child 孩子特有的。

【相关搭配】Childish laughter 孩子的笑声

2）(derog 贬）(of an adult)(behaving)like a child;immature;silly

(指成人)（举止）像孩子气的，幼稚的，傻里傻气的【例句】Don’t be so childish.别这么幼稚了。

Childlike: adj.(esp.approv 尤作褒义)like or characteristic of a child;

innocent;not devious 孩子般的，孩子气的，天真无邪的【相关搭配】childlike enjoyment, trust, honesty 孩子般的快乐、信任、诚实

21.make up with / to end a quarrel or dispute with sb.言归于好

【例句】Why don’t you two ki and make up? 你们两个为什么不接个吻，言归于好呢？

II．Difficult Sentences 1）I know that she and Daddy thought it was just a childish phase I was

going through, but it wasn’t.要点：„„phase I was going through„„.是一个后置的定语从句，先行词是phase，关联词此处省略。

译文：我知道，她和我爸爸都以为那只是我正在经历的孩子气阶段，但事实上不是的。

2）Everything has turned out for the best.要点：It proves that everything is going on well.译文：一切都在慢慢转好。

3)I had a nanny when I was a child but I never thought of being one

myself, but times have changed and ―nannying‖ has been socially acceptable

for a long time.要点：Taking a job as a child’s nurse is accepted in the society.It implies

that the occupation is not despised by the society.译文：在我孩提时代我家里有个保姆但我从未想过我有一天自己会去从事这个行业，但随着时代的改变，这个行业已经被社会广为接受好久了。

III． Structure of Reading I Part I(Paragraph 1)Introduction: What is the background of Amanda Peniston-Bird?

Amanda is a daughter of a judge and specializes in being nanny for two

years.Part II(Paragraph 2-3)

To Amanda, what’s the impreion about the two nannies they got? 1)As to the first one, she was young, wonderful and responsible though

she was just a part-time student worker.2)To the latter one, she was traditional and profeional, Amanda enjoyed

the whole course of being taking care of.What happens to Amanda’s family after her choice-making to be a nanny? At first, there were a terrible row with her families and her parents were

very angry about her decision.They made it up before she went to college，finally her parents changed their opinions and had encouraged her ever

since.Part III(Paragraph 4)

What’s Amanda’s mother’s opinion about their daughter’s career decision? She and her husband gradually accepted the fact and respected her

daughter’s choice.She felt proud about her daughter’s independent

thinking and realized the wide acceptance of this career.Reading II I.Notes 1.gardener: n.someone whose job is to grow flowers and plants and work

gardens 园林工人；园艺家

[相关词]

gardening: n.the activity of working in a garden, growing plants, cutting

a lawn etc.园艺学

2.surgeon: n.a doctor whose job is to perform medical operations.The

performing of medical operations is called surgery.外科手术

[相关词] a trees surgeon: it refers to an expert who is specially trained to treat

diseased trees.In other words, a tree surgeon is a tree doctor.外科医师

3.Oxford University: a famous university at Oxford, England, founded in

the 1200’s 牛津大学

4.archaeology: n.the scientific study of historic or prehistoric people

and their cultures by examining the remains of their houses，pots, tools，tombs and other objects 考古学

5.drop out:

1)If someone drops out, it means he leaves school, college or university

before his course of study has finished and he has no intention of

returning.退学

【例句】One third of the city’s students drop out before graduation.这个城市有三分之一的学生在毕业前退学。

2）“Do drop out “can also mean to move away from or refuse to join ordinary

society because of not agreeing with accepted practice, standards, and

ways of living.由于不能接受或同意生活的标准或方式而远离甚至拒绝接触社会

[相关搭配] drop out of society 隐退；遁世

6.surveyor: n.a person whose job is to survey or measure buildings and

land.土地测量员；建筑物鉴定人

7.interior designer: a person whose job is to plan and choose the colors，furnishing, etc., for the inside of a room or house.An interior designer

usually does not do the actual work of putting them in.Actually, he just

designs.室内装修师（通常不实际参与具体工作）

8.Tudor house: a house with the Tudor style.Tudor style refers to the

style of architecture which was once very popular in the Tudor dynasty in

Britain.9.acre: n.a unit for measuring land area, now equal to 43,560 square

feet or 4,047 square metres英亩

10.drive: n.There are different words for the idea of ―road ‖.You may

refer to the following table: drive / driveway（私用车道）a road for vehicles that connects a

private house or garage with the street

road（马路）a hard level surface made for cars and other vehicles to

travel on

street（街道）a road with houses or shops

path(小径)a winding way made by or for people walking over the

ground

avenue（林荫道）a broad street in a town sometimes having trees on

each side

highway（公路）an American word meaning a wide fast road that connects

big cities and towns

expreway/freeway（高速公路）an American word meaning a wide fast road

that takes traffic into and out of a big city and is often very busy.motorway（高速公路）a British word meaning a wide fast road that

connects big cities and towns for fast long-distance travel

track（小道，小径）a narrow rough road leading to a farm or a field，usually formed by the preure of farm vehicles on the ground

lane（小路，小巷）a narrow winding road connecting villages or farms

paage（走廊，过道）a long narrow connecting way inside a building

alley（小巷，胡同）a very narrow street or path between buildings in a

town

11.pick up: learn something easily without making much effort 轻松学会

【例句】I picked up quite a lot of Spanish when I was in Spain last summer.去年夏天我在西班牙的时候轻松学会了很多西班牙语。

12.furious: adj.very angry in an uncontrolled way, in a fury。狂怒的【例句】He will be furious with us if we are late.如果我们迟到他会发飙的。

13.carry on: If you carry on doing something, you continue to do it in

spite of interruptions or difficulties.继续

【例句】We carried on our discuion after lunch.吃完午饭后我们继续讨论。

14.The moment …: ―the Moment‖ can be used to introduce

a time adverbial

in the pattern ―the moment(that)somebody does something‖, meaning as

soon as someone does something.【例句】He said he would phone you the moment he got home.他说他一到家就给你电话。

15.enjoy every moment of sth.: enjoy something very much 好好享受每一刻

16.redundant: adj.no longer employed because there is not enough work，usu.used with “make” 失业的【例句】Seventy men in the factory were made redundant because of falling

demand for products.由于产品需求的下降，工厂里有70人被迫下岗。

17.be taken aback: If you are taken aback, you are so surprised or

shocked by something unexpected that you have to pause

for a moment and

cannot think or do anything.大吃一惊

【例句】I was rather taken aback by his rudene.我被他的粗鲁吓了一大跳。

18.makes them respect…;help them plan …: these are V + O + Inf.(without

to)constructions.Some verbs can be used with a bare infinitive

(不带to的不定式)as object complement（宾语补足语）, such as make, have, help, let,see, hear, watch, and feel.【例句】She had them read the letter.I often hear them sing the song.Suddenly we felt the atmosphere grow tense.She lets her children stay up very late.Could you help me unload the car?

My new position made them respect me more.19.delighted: adj.1）When somebody feels pleased or satisfied, we say “he is delighted ”.高兴的【例句】We were delighted with the effect of our advertisement.当我们的广告效果出来的时候我们十分高兴。

2）But if something is satisfactory and pleasant, we say “it is delightful

”.令人雀跃的20.manual labor: Manual labor is the kind of work in which you use your

hands or your physical strength rather than your mind.体力劳动The kind of

work which involves the use of the mind is called “mental work.” 智力劳动

21.only son: one with no brothers or sisters 独生子

22.fall out: If you fall out with someone, you quarrel or have an

argument with someone and stop being friendly with him or her.吵架

【例句】Jane and Paul have fallen out with each other over the education of

their children.简和保罗就孩子的教育问题大吵了一架。

23.miserable: adj.unhappy, uncomfortable 悲惨的24.millionaire: n.a person who has a million pound or dollars;very rich

person 百万富翁

II．Difficult Sentences 1)But I knew it was a waste of time to carry on studying archaeology, and

the moment I started gardening again, I knew I’d made the right decision.要点：“a waste of time”, 浪费时间；

“the moment I started„.”是时间状语从句，the moment

引导的，相当于as soon as ；

译文：但我知道，继续学考古学对我而言只是浪费时间，而我再次开始从事园艺，我就知道，我做的决定是对的。

2)Times have changed and all kinds of people do all kinds of work, and I

think the world’s a better place for it.要点：„ I think the world’s a better place for it 中的’s 不是属格，而是实义动词have的第三人称单数形式。

译文：时代在转变，人们从事着各种各样的工作，我相信这世界会给它一个更好的认可。

Word Study 1.adore

基本用法

1)vt.to like very much 非常喜欢

【例句】She adores the cinema /going to the cinema.我非常喜欢看电影。

2)vt.to love deeply and respect highly（无进行式）敬慕，爱慕

【例句】He adores his elder brother.他非常敬慕他哥哥。

相关搭配：

realize one’s long-cherished wish 实现夙愿

self-realization 本人才能的充分发挥

3.row

基本用法

1)n.a noisy quarrel;a public argument;a dispute or controversy 争吵；辩论；争论

【例句】Rows about /over money are the common reason for the breakdown of

marriages.为钱而争论是许多婚姻破裂的最常见的原因。

have rows /a row with sb.与某人争吵

【例句】I had a row with my boyfriend last night.昨晚我和男友大吵了一架。

2)n.a noise（贬义）喧闹声；吵闹声

make a row 吵吵嚷嚷

【例句】Stop making such a row;I can’ sleep.别发出那样的噪音，我无法入睡。

3)vi.(British English)to argue in an angry way 争吵；吵架

【例句】I’m not going to row with you –I’d just like you to explain.我不打算和你吵架，我只想听你解释。

vt.to move a boat through the water with oars 划船

【例句】Can you row(a boat)? 你会划船吗？

5)n.a neat line(of people or things)side by side 一排；一行；一列

【例句】 a row of houses 一排房子

相关搭配：

in rows /a row（排成、站成）一排/行/列

【例句】The children stood in row.孩子们站成一排。

in a row 一个接一个地；没有间断

【例句】She won the competition three times in a row.她连赢三次。

row upon row 一排一排地

【例句】She could see row upon row of people waiting to be served.她看到有成排的人等着接受服务。

a blazing row 大吵一顿

【例句】We had a blazing row a couple of years ago and I haven’t seen her

since.自从几年前我们大吵一架至今我都没有再见到过她。

4.turn

基本用法

1）vi./vt.to move around a central or fixed point 旋转；转动

【例句】The big wheel turned slowly.这个大车轮慢慢的转动。

2)vi.to change so as to become(esp.sth.bad)转变成（尤指不好的状况）；使成为

【例句】The milk has turned sour.牛奶已经变酸了

3)vt.to go round 拐过；拐弯

【例句】The car turned the corner.车已经拐弯了。

4)n.转动；旋动；转弯；顺序

【例句】You have mied your turn so you’ll have to wait.你已经错过了轮到你的那次，等吧。

相关搭配：

turn one’s back on 反对

turn a deaf ear to 对„„充耳不闻

turn a blind eye to 对„„视而不见

take turns 轮流

the turn of the century 世纪之交

by turns 轮流；依次

out of the turn 不合时宜地；鲁莽地

5．spend

基本用法

1）vt.to pa or use(time)消磨（时间）；度过（时间）

Spend…(time)doing sth.(with sb.)

【例句】We spent a pleasant hour or two talking with our friends.我们在同朋友交谈中愉快地度过了一两个小时。

2)vi./ vt.to give out in payment for goods or services 用（钱）；花费

spend …(money)on sth.【例句】I’m good at spending but not at saving.我擅长于花钱而不是存钱。

3)vt.to wear out or use completely 耗尽；用尽

【例句】The storm soon spent itself /its force.spender n.花费者

spent adj.用过的；失效的；不再使用的【例句】spent cartridge 空弹壳

spending n.花费；支出

【例句】government /public /state spending

defense / education /health spending

相关搭配：

spending money 零花钱

spendthrift 奢侈的人

money well spent 值得花的钱

【例句】The repairs cost quite a lot, but it was money well spent.Grammar Focus

Describe people’s appearance

1.整体描写和局部描写

在描写人物时，我们通常会使用一些形容词描述人的身体各部分：体形、脸形、面颊、鼻子、眼睛、嘴巴、下巴、牙齿、头发的颜色和发型以及肤色等。有些形容词属于整体描写，例如：cool（酷），fashionable（时髦的）, healthy, strong, tall, meager, smart,kind等；有些形容词属于局部描写，需要与某些身体器

官搭配使用，例如：round face, deep-set eyes（深陷的双眼）,red

cheeks（红色的面颊）, crooked nose（鹰钩鼻子）,pointed chin（尖下巴）,big mouth, even teeth

（平整的牙齿）,blonde hair（金发）, curly hair（卷发）, sunburned skin（晒黑的皮肤）等。

2．生理特征的描写和人格特征的描写

以上与人体器官搭配的形容词都属于生理特征描写。但除了生理描写外，我们也可以描写人的性格特征，例如：generous

（慷慨的）,modest（谦虚的）,honest, serious, obstinate（固执的）, self-conceited(自负的),kind-hearted（善良的）等

3．单个形容词和复合形容词

有些形容词由单个词构成，例如：tall, short, fat, thin slim

;有些形容词由两、三个词共同构成，成为复合形容词，例如：snow-white（雪白的），suntanned（黝黑的）,ordinary-looking（相貌平平的）warm-hearted（热心的）等。

4．常用于人物描写的语法结构

系动词＋形容词或名词

【例句】My brother is tall and handsome.He is tall and sturdy（强壮）.The boy is extremely bright.My mother is thrifty with money.As a child, he is meager（瘦的）and weak.The old man looks thin.He looks old and his hair is all white.The girl tends to be jealous of those who make greater progre.形容词＋名词

【例句】a serious –looking face a grey –haired woman

a wrinkled face a bad temper

a pretty girl a timid boy

Tom has a strong body and high intelligence.动词＋副词

【例句】live happily;work actively

介词＋名词

【例句】of medium build;of great wisdom

5．描写人物的基本原则

1）描写要具体，避免笼统化，应注重细节描写，体现人物的音容笑貌。在实践中，学习者要避一些泛泛而谈的词，例如：awful, bad，beautiful, fine, good, great, interesting, lovely, nice, pretty,wonderful等。好的描写需要注意具体的细节，所以用词要具体化。

【例句】He was thin, short, and dark.His hair was like a bundle of straw.His

dirty clothes and tired look were clearly signs of a long travel.His

clothes were made of cheap cloth.The coat was too short and the trousers

too loose.And he wore a pair of rubber shoes, which were very

unfashionable.He did not look smart at all.2）生理特征描写应与人物的性格、思想和要表达的情感相结合，并通过具体的事例得以体现，表现出人物的特性和特征。

【例句】Most Jewish women of her age were sickly, weak, broken in body.But this washwoman, small and thin as she was, poeed a strength that came from generations of peasant ancestors.His gaunt, expreive face was dominated by piercing eyes, conveying a mixture of intensity and repose, of warine and calm self-confidence.He wore an immaculately tailored gray coat, at once simple and elegant.He moved gracefully and with dignity, filling a room tot by his physical dominance but by his air of controlled tension, steely discipline, and self-control.As if he were a boiled spring.He conveyed an easy casualne, which, however, did not deceive the careful observer.The quick smile, the comprehending expreion that made clear that he understood English even without translation, the palpable alertne, were clearly the features of a man who had had burned into him by a searing half-century the vital importance of

self-poeion.Function and Structure 1.It is important to learn how to say thanks and how to show your appreciation the proper way.Here are some tips: At a party —Take your cue from the host.If he went to the trouble to mail an invitation, send him a note in return.Receiving a Gift—If you thank a person profusely(极多地)after receiving a gift, it’s not neceary to send a note —so it makes you look extra-clay when you do.A busine Function —If you’ve been at a formal busine meeting and want to thank potential clients or busine partners, type a paper note.If the event is a lunch or social function, write it by hand.2.In busine, it is customary to expre appreciation to people who help your company succeed.In fact, the absence of a ―thank you‖ may be misunderstood to mean the effort was not appreciated.Thanking customers has always been very effective for building royalty, demonstrating corporate commitment to service, generating referral busine and differentiating a

busine from the rest.There are a variety of ways to expre gratitude.The way in which you thank your customers does not have to cost a lot of money and nothing says ―you are important‖ like a handwritten note.A short handwritten note has the power of personal engagement and high impact.It’s a small gesture but keeps customers coming back.Inside a busine, when a bo wants to motivate his or her employees, a simple ―thank you‖ also works best.A smart employer knows it well that frequent recognition of accomplishments is the best way to encourage employees.Homework 1.Vocabulary 2.Grammar 3.Reading Summary In this unit, students have known main content of this unit.After cla, students should learn more details.

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