九年级专题复习教案并列句和复合句._并列句与复合句教案

九年级专题复习教案并列句和复合句.由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“并列句与复合句教案”。

2011---2012九年级中考复习系列 并列句和复合句 并列句

由连词连接两个分句组成的句子叫并列句。这些分句平行并列，而且同等重要，能够独立成句。连接分句的有并列连词和主从连词。

并列连词：and, but, or, nor, for, whereas, while, either„or, neither„nor, not only„but(also).主从连词：so, therefore, however, still, yet, then等。并列句中的前后两句可以根据意思或分为四种关系。

（1）同等关系and/not only„but also/neither„nor,用连词and, not only„but also, neither„nor或者用逗号，有时也用分号连接两个简单句，构成并列句。如：He could neither read nor write He not only studies hard, but also likes sports.（2）转折关系but, yet, still, while, when, 用连词but, yet, still, while, when连接两个句子时，前后两句为转折关系。

如：Tom was not there but his brother was(there).（3）选择关系or, either„or.用连词or, either„or，连接两个句子时，前后两句为选择关系。如：Either you didn’t understand this, or you were not careful enough（4）因果关系for, so.用连词for, so连接两个句子时，前后两句为因果关系。如：He hurried, for it was getting dark.He liked the book very much, so I gave it to him 复合句

复合句中包括两个或更多的分句，其中一个分句是主句，其余的分句是从句。从句就是一个分句在主句中充当一个成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。从句在句子中作什么成分就叫什么从句。这里主要复习宾语从句，定语从句和状语从句。宾语从句

一宾语从句：用一个句子来做动词，介词宾语。用在动词，介词后。二中考考点：

◆第一关，选好连接词（也有人叫关联词）。

引导宾语从句的连接词，课本上写有三类但从学习的角度看分为四类更为实用。1．连词that：只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。例如：

1）He knew（that）he should work hard．

2）I am glad（that）you've paed the exam．

2．连词whether或if：它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，口语中多用if。例如：

3）Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning？ 4）Tom didn't know if／whether his grandpa liked the present．

作“是否”解的if和whether在具体用法上差别较大，同学们不易掌握。在宾语从句中用whether没有用if时受到那么多限制。例如： 5）He asked me whether or not I was coming．

他问我是否要来。（该句中的whether不能换成if，因为if不能与or连用。）3．连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which：它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意义。例如：

6）The teacher asked the new student which cla he was in？（武汉市）（which引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰cla，意为“哪个”。）7）Can you tell me whom he is waiting for？（天津市）

4．连接副词when，where，why，how：起连接作用，分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语，各有其自己的意义。例如：

8）I wonder where he got so much money．对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。（where在从句中作地点状语，修饰got，意为“哪里；什么地方”。）

9）He didn't tell me how old his friend was．（四川省）（how引导宾语从句，作程度状语，修饰old，意为“怎样；如何”等意。）

第二关，牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即“主句+连接词＋主语+谓语/表语+„„”。这里特别强调的是，它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序，不是疑问句的语序。尤其是连接词在宾语从句作主语时的语序。例如： 10）He doesn’t know what is wrong(the matter)his bike.11）—Dad，do you know what happened to my pet dog last night ? 12）汉译英：你能不能告诉我，我们去看望谁？ 误：Can you tell me who（m）do we have to see？ 正：Can you tell me who（m）we have to see？

◆第三关，注意时态的呼应。

宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受主句谓语时态的制约，这种现象称为“时态的呼应”。例如： 13）汉译英：我原以为你今天有空的。

误：I thought（that）you are free today．正：I thought（that）you would be free today 14）He thought he was working for the people． 15）I heard she had been to the Great W all．

16）John hoped that he would find a job soon．

★★但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等，则不变化： 17）The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun． ★主句时态是现在时，从句根据句意选择不同时态

1.I know(that)he ______(join)the League in 1985.2.I see that they _________(play)football over there now.3.Tell me where he ____(live).4.I hear that he _________(come)tomorrow.★主句时态是过去时，从句根据句意选择不同的表示过去的时态（一般过去式，过去进行时，过去完成式，过去将来时）

★★在由could, would引导的主句中, 从句一般要用现在时。因为could, would经常表示礼貌或婉转的语气, 而不是过去时。

Could you please tell me where the bank is? Would you please tell me how far it is from here to the hospital? Do some exercises 1.The radio says it _____cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything ____well.(go)3.Tom says that they ________(play)basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.4.I hear they ____________(return)it already.5.He said that they ________ members of the Party since 1948.(be)6.He asked what they _________ at eight last night.(do)7.The teacher told his cla that light ______ faster than sound.(travel)8.I think you __________ about the relay race now.(talk)9.I didn’t know whom the letters ____ from.(be)correct the mistakes 1.Do you know what is he doing? 2.She said her mother is very well.3.I don’t know that he is a worker.4.Mi Li said there were seven days in a week.5.He wants to know if they did have a good time.6.She asked me that when the train would arrive.7.Could you tell me if he has come or not.8.I think you aren’t right 定语从句

一，什么是定语从句：

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。其作用是修饰主句中的某一名词或代

词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

e.g.Do you know the man（who came to see Xiaowang this morning?）要点：

定语从句放在先行词之后，先行词由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词放在它们中间。

关系代词：who, whom, that, which, whose 关系副词：when, where, why 1.He is a man whom we should all learn from.他是一个我们都应当学习的人 2.I still remember the day when I first came to 二，用法：.定语从句修饰人，用who that，（who和that一般可互换，有时可省去）如人后有介词，则必须用whom.The people(whothat)you were talking to were Japanese.Is she the girl that sells flowers? He is a man that you can safely depend on.他是一个你能依靠的人。

The girl to whom I spoken is my cousin.The girl whothat I spoken to is my cousin.★区别相似关系词：

由who，whom和whose引导的定语从句

who在从句中作主语，whom在从句中作宾语，whose在从句中作定语。1）.This is the thief who stole my bike.这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。2）.He is the boy whom you wanted to find.他就是你想要找的那个男孩。3）.The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside.妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。2.修饰物用which that.e.g.The train whichthat has just is for xi’an.The pen thatwhich you gave me is very nice.This is the question that we’ve had so much discuion about.This is the question about which we’ve had so much discuion 3.when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语

(1)I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2)The time when we got together finally came.4.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语(1)Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2)The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.5.why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语

(1)Please tell me the reason why you mied the plane.(2)I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.★重点：判断关系代词与关系副词

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语）。

★★特别提示:当先行词和关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要和他们保持人称和数的一致。如：

The children who___(be)singing come from China I have known the girl who______(have)two big eyes for many years.判断改错：

This is the mountain village where I visited last year.This is the mountain village（which）I visited last year.I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.I'll never forget the days（which）I spent in the countryside.巩固练习：

1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago? A.where B.that C.on which D.the one 2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held? A.where B.that C.on which D.the one 强化训练：

1.Don’t talk about such things of ___ you are not sure.A.which B.what C.as D.those 2.Is this the factory ____ you visited the other day? A.that B.where C.in which D.the one 3.Is this factory ___some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 4.Is this the factory _____he worked ten years ago? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 5.The wolves hid themselves in the places ____ couldn’t be found.A.that B.where C.in which D.in that 6.I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.A.all which B.that C.all that D.which

7.The two things ______ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.A.about which B.of which C.in which D.for which 8.I like the second football match _______was held last week.A.which B.who C.that D./ 9.He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which B.it C.that D.what 10.May the fourth is the day __________ we Chinese people will never forget.A.which B.when C.on which D.about which.11.A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.A.who B.who’s C.whose D.which 状语从句

一，状语从句简介：

状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。二，总结、状语从句常见引导词 条件状语从句

if;unle;as(so)long as;（只要）原因状语从句

because;as;since;now(that)（既然）结果状语从句 so(such)… that ….目的状语从句

so that;in order that;让步状语从句

though;although;as;however;no matter „.;疑问词+ever； 比较状语从句

than;as(so)….as;the more ….the more 地点状语从句

where wherever ★三，疑点解释

1)when, while, as的区别：

①三者均可表示“当„„的时候”, 如果主句表示的是短暂的动作, 而从句表示的是一段时间, 三者可通用。

② as和when都可与终止性动词连用, while 只能与延续性动词连用。如：

It was snowing ____ we got to the airport．当我们到达机场时, 天正下着雪。（不能用 while）

③ as强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生;while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内;when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生。如: He sang as he went along.他边走边唱.Please write____ I read.我读的时候, 请写下来。

____ he reached home, he had a little rest.回到家后, 他休息了一会儿。★★while, 是多义词。

while可用作并列连词，连接两个分句，表“对比，不同”。中文常备翻译为“而„.” My son likes to watch boxing games while I would rather listen to music.2）引导条件状语从句的连词有if(如果)、unle(除非)等, unle在意义上相当于if„．not。条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样，如果主句用将来时, 从句要用现在时代替将来时。如： You will fail ____ you study hard．(＝You will fail if you don't study hard．)除非你努力学习, 否则你会失败。3)原因状语从句:(1)引导原因状语从句的连词有 because, since, as , now that(2)because, since, as, for 用法比较：

because: 语气最强，回答why时用because，所表示的是直接理由，因果关系不能同so连用。

Why are you late? Because there is a traffic jam.since: “既然„..”表对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首。

Since you have got enough money with you now, you can come and buy it next time.as: “由于„.”语气较弱，较口语化，表明显的原因或已知的事实，常放在句首。As he had been ready for the worst, he was not disappointed at the result.for是一个等立连词，连接的是两个并列的分句，其他三个引导的是状语从句；for不能放在句首。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.4)目的、结果状语从句

（1）引导目的状语从句的连词有so that, in order that;引导结果状语从句的连词有so„.that, such„.that

（2）„.so that„., in order that„..引导目的状语从句时，从句中常有can, could, may, might, would（3）so + 形容词/副词/分词 + that引导结果状语从句 such +(形容词)+ 名词 + that引导结果状语从句

He worked so hard that he made great progre.The book is so interesting that I have read it twice.（4）such + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+ that引导结果状语从句

so +形容词+ a/ an +单数可数名词+ that引导结果状语从句 注意：只有单数可数名词才有这两种表达方式。

It’s such a fine day that we all want to go outing.= It’s so fine a day that we all want to go outing.（5）如果修饰名词的形容词为many, few, much, little时，前面则用so，例如： so many +名词+ that ； so few +名词+ that ；so much +名词+ that ；so little +名词+ that 比较：

so many / few flowers →such nice flowers so much / little money → such rapid progre

so many people → such a lot of people

There were so many people in the bus that I could hardly move.She put so much butter and sugar in the cake that I didn’t dare to eat too much.巩固练习：

1)It _____ ten years since they ____ to France.A.as;covered B.was;have moved C.is;have moved D.is;moved 2)He ___wait until the rain ____．

A.won't;will stop B.won't;stop C.will;stops D.will;will stop 3)He will go to the Great Wall if it ___ tomorrow． A.won't rain B.doesn't rain C.don't rain D.isn't raining 4)___ you eat old food, you may be ill.A.Before B.Why C.If D.Which 5)Jack runs as ___ as Tom． A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.much 6)30，000dollars is a large amount of money, but it's ____ than we need． A.for more B.very much C.far le D.very little 7)Mi Gao asked a question, but it was ___ that nobody could answer it． A.very difficult B.too difficult C.difficult enough D.so difficult 8)I can't understand this paage _____ there are no new words in it． A.if B.because C.though D.and 9）“Why did Li Lei use a pencil? ”“ _____ his pen was broken．” A.Because B.When C.Until D.If 2005－2010年河南中考题组

1.It’s quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers people get off the bus.A.after B.since C.until D.when 2.It’s time to say goodbye to my school.I’ll always remember the people have helped me.A.who B.what C.which D.where 3.―What time will Mr.Brown be back to China?

―Sorry.I don’t know.A.when did he go abroad B.why he is going abroad C.how soon will he be back D.how long he will stay abroad 4.Shaolin Temple lies in the west of Zheng Zhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.A.where B.which C.who D.what 5.―May I come in? I’m sorry I am lat.―Come in, please.But could you please tell me ?

A.why you are late again B.what were you doing then C.who you talked with D.how do you come to school 6.Your dream won’t come true you know what your dream is.A.after B.unle C.while D.since 7.―Barbara, where do you work? ―I work for a company sells cars.A.which B.where C.what D.who 8.―Could you please tell me ?

―Bus No.32 will take you right there.A.where is Henan Museum B.what Henan Museum is like C.how can I get to Henan Museum D.which bus I shall take to Henan Museum 9.Tom, keep away from the fire, you will get burnt.A.and B.so C.or D.but 10.―How was your climbing on Mount Tai? ―I didn’t believe I could do it I got to the top.A.until B.unle C.after D.when 11.―Be careful, you will make mistakes in your exams.―I know that, Mum.One can never be to careful.A.and B.or C.nor D.but 12.I arrived at the airport the plane had taken off.A.after B.while C.when D.before 13.the water was cold, Wei Qinggang jumped into it to save others.A.Although B.When C.If D.Because 14.Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows.A.where they have been B.where are they

C.where are they from D.where they have gone 15.―Do you know Hong Zhanhui?

―Yes.He’s the college student has moved Chinese people a lot.A.who B.which C.what D.whom 16.All of us will be happy you can come with us.A.while B.if C.but D.or 17.―How long has the weather been like this? ―.A.Until last night B.Ever since last night C.Two days ago D.Two days later 18.I’m afraid that no one knows

A.when will the game start B.where has our teacher gone C.who will win the game D.how long did the meeting last 19._____it’s difficult to make her dream come true, she never gives up.A.Though B.Unle C.Because D.If 20.Friends are those_____ make you smile, always open there hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.A.which B.what C.whom D.who 21.Some of my friends are interested in science, but none of them can tell________.A.when UFOs will appear next time B.why do horses know the way C.where was this kind of plant found D.how do elephants communicate 2005－2010年全国中考题组

1.Money is important it’s not the most important thing.A.and B.but C.or D.so 2.―Can you tell me ? ―She is in the computer lab.A.where Linda was B.where is Linda C.where was Linda D.where Linda is 3.Little Helen is very young, she knows a lot of things.A.but B.as soon as C.so D.since 4.That’s the man house was destroyed in the storm.A.that B.whose C.who D.which 5.―What a nice T-shirt!Can I have it, Mom? ―Well, it really looks nice, I think it’s too expensive.A.but B.as C.for D.or 6.Be sure to let Tom know the notice as soon as he.A.will arrive B.was arriving C.arrives D.arrived

7.―Do you know the MP4 yesterday? ―Sorry, I’ve no idea about it.A.how much did he pay for B.how much he paid for C.he paid for how much D.he paid how much for 8.The film “Kung Fu Panda” is interesting I would like to see it again.A.such;that B.too;to C.as;as D.so;that 9.―Did Mrs.King leave a meage? ―Yes.She wanted to know this Sunday.A.who you would go shopping B.if you would go shopping with her C.that you will go shopping D.when will you go shopping with her 10.The whole world is fighting against the HINI, a disease has caused many deaths.A.who B.which C.whom D.what 11.Is that the man helped us a lot after the earthquake? A.whose B.which C.when D.who 12.The workers have decided to finish the task on time, it means they would have no weekends these two months.A.after all B.even though C.as if 13.The girl I just talked with is Ben’s sister.A.whom B.which C.she 14.We have to get up at 7:15 tomorrow morning , we will be late for the 7:40 train.A.before B.though C.if D.so 15.My grandfather is very old, he never shops learning.A.than B.though C.but D.unle 16.—Why are you standing in front of the mirror with your eyes ______ ?---Oh, I want to see _____ when I’m asleep.A.closed;what do I look like B.closing;how I look like C.closed;what I look like D.closing;what I am like 17.--Could you tell me when Mr.Li ______in Beijing?----Sure.When he____, I’ll call you.A.arrives;will arrive B.will arrive;arrives C.arrives;arrives D.will arrive;will arrive 18.He wanted to know ______ the English party.A.when will we have B.when we will have C.when would we have D.when we would have 19.I hear Tom lives here, but I’m not sure ______.A.which room he lives in B.which room does he lives in

C.he lives in which room D.in which room does he live 20.I still remember the park _______ we first met.A.that B.which C.where D.when 21.There are many people downstairs.What do you think_____? A.to happen B.happening C.is happened D.has happened 22.You can’t wake a person______ is pretending to be asleep.A.who B.which C.he D.不填

23.______ we deal with our problems, we can easily become unhappy.A.Unle B.Until C.Though D.Whether 24.The teacher speaks very loudly ______ all the students can hear her.A.so that B.because C.since D.when 25.---Do you know _______ the girl in red is?---I’m not sure.Maybe a teacher.A.when B.how C.where D.what 26.The young man _____ is a friend of mine.A.who I had a talk B.whom I had a talk with C.whom I had a talk D.which I had a talk with 27._______, they were very happy.A.though they have no money B.Though they had got fine clothes C.Although they were very poor D.Although they were rich 28.Nobody knows _____.A.how will our future look like B.what will our future be like C.how our future will look like D.what our future will be like