议论文写作教案_议论文的写作教案
议论文写作教案由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“议论文的写作教案”。
议论文写作教案
ⅰ.teaching aims and demands:
To learn about how to wirite a argumentative eay.To learn about the basic structure and skills of writing an argumentative eay.ⅱ.Teaching focus:
Argumentative structure.Argumentative skills
ⅲ.Teaching difficulties:
Structure and skills
ⅳ.Teaching methods:
Summarizing and practising.ⅴ.teaching procedures:
议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者的见解和主张.作者对某一问题持有一种看法,为了使读者同意自己的看法,提出若干理由,企图说服他人.Step one 议论文的三要素:
论点是作者在文章中提出的对某一个问题或某一类事件的看法、观点、主张，它要求要正确、鲜明、有针对性。一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点．论点一般在开头提出，然后加以论证．
论据是证明论点正确的证据，要想证明论点的正确，首先，论据必须让人觉得真实、可信，能够充分证明论点。其次，论据要具有典型性，能收到“以一当十”的效果。第三，论据要新颖，尽可能寻找一些新鲜的、能给人以新的感受和启示的论据.一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成语，格言，名人名言作为论据．论证是议论文中必不可少的部分。一段完整的议论，只有通过论证证明论据和论点之间的内在逻辑关系，才能将论据和论点融为一体，也才能构成一篇完整的、有说服力的文章。
Step two议论文的类型:
① “一分为二”的观点．从两方面去分析一个问题,然后阐述自己的观点.② “两者选一”的观点．分析两种事物的优劣势,阐述自己的观点.③“我认为……”型．阐述对某一事物的客观看法.如“你对课外阅读的看法 ④“怎样……（how to）”型．分析怎样解决一个问题如“怎样克服学习中碰到的困难”
.⑤ 看图（表）作文．通过阅读图表中的数字与项目得出一个结论或形成一种看法．
“一分为二”观点的议论文模式
Introduction
第1段:Nowadays more and more people．．．/．．．plays an important part in．．．.like everything else, ．．．has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects/both advantages and disadvantages.Generally, the favorable aspects/advantages can be listed as follows.Main body
第2段：Firstly,..Secondly,…In addition/What’s more…
第3段: Every coin has two sides.The negative aspects/disadvantages are also
apparent/obvious.To begin with…;To make matters worse…;Worse of all…Conclusion
第4段: Through above analysis/All things considered, we can see that the positive aspects/advantages outweigh the negative ones/disadvantages.Therefore…
“一分为二”类作文范例
说广告（about advertisement）.提示：有人说广告在现代社会是很重要，有人认为广告的促销成分太多，你认为……
二)“两者选一”观点的议论文模式
模式⑴:A、B两者优劣势分析,要么选A,要么选B.Introduction
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that(A)is superior to(B)in many ways.Others, however, argue that(B)is much better.Personally, I would prefer(A)because I think(A)has more advantages.Main body
第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer(A).The main reason is that … Another reason is that…(赞同A的原因)
第3段: Of course, choosing(B)also has advantages to some extent,(列出1~2个B的优势)
Conclusion
第4段: But if all these factors are considered,(A)is much better than(B).from what has been discued above, we may finally draw the conclusion that …(总结观点)
模式⑵: A、B优势相当,依情况而定,有条件地选择A或B.Introduction
第1段:Which would you prefer if you are faced with the choice between(A)and
(B)? Before you make the decision, you had better make a close comparison.Main body
第2段：It is true that(选择A的优势之一).It is also true that(选择A的优势之二).But(选择A的劣势).第3段: Though.(选择B的劣势),(选择B的优势之一).Furthermore,(选择B的优势之二).Conclusion
第4段: Therefore, if you…, you should choose(A), but if you…, you should choose(B).(总结观点,提出建议)
“两者选一”类作文范例
① 健康与财富(Health and Wealth)
提示: 健康与财富哪个更重要一直是一个热门话题(hot topic),请简述你的观点.② 哪里住更好(Where to live?)
提示: 有的人喜欢往城里挤,有的人喜欢往乡下搬.各有所好,孰是孰非,你以为如何?
图表类作文范例
假如你是李华，在最近的研究性学习当中，受《21世纪中学生英语报》（The 21st Century）之邀，你对你所在的班60名同学（男女各半）进行了上网目的的调查。现将调查结果（如下表所示）用英语给报社的编辑写一封信，报道此事，以引起舆论的关注，并提出你的观点和建议。
注意：
1、报道应包括图表所示全部内容，可适度发挥。
2、文章的开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
3、词数：1504、参考词汇：调查： make a survey
Dear editor，I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my cla about their purpose of getting on the Internet ________________________________.[思路点拨]
题材：书信； 说明+议论
时态：一般现在时
人称：第三人称
要点提示：（１）上网的目的；（２）读新闻；（３）发送邮件；（４）聊天；（５）学习；（６）玩游戏；（７）评语
图表描述应注意的问题:
1)要突出重点,抓住图表中的极端点。如：最大或最小、最多或最少、最好和最差。
2）总趋势的描述必须准确，要看出总的规律、趋势，抓住特征。
3）图表往往提供大量数据，应仔细观察分析，从中选择有效信息，图表上资料、数据的描述必须选择重点，不能事无巨细，一一列出。
4）充分利用图表中提供的文字或说明。同样，图表中没有的信息不能凭主观任意捏造。
5）说明、描述图表时应该注意动词时态，属于过去发生的应该用一般过去时，属于经常发生的应该用一般现在时。
6）句子结构要力求有变化、不要总是一个句型。
7）考生应该熟练掌握一些固定句型和表达方式。
8）拼图比较形象、直观，常用来表示总体与部分、部分与部分之间的比例关系，一般以百分比的数字呈现。
9）表格提供大量数据，应认真分析表格中各数据之间的内在联系，发现各项
目的变化规律。
10）常见错误有1，主谓一致，2，时态，3，介词
英语图表写作套句精选：常用的描述用法
1）As is shown in the table...如表格所示...2）From the table/chart/diagram/figure, we can see clearlythat...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that...从图表
我们可以很清楚（明显）看到...3）The diagram shows(that)...该图向我们展示了...4)The table/chart diagram/graph/ figures/statistics shows(that)
5)According to the table/chart diagram/graph
6)As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,7)It can be seen from the figures/statistics
8)We can see from the figures/statistics
图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法
增加：increase / raise / rise / go up..减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall / decrease.波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave...稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off...在同一时期 during the same period
As can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in...从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化
in the year between...and...在...年到...期间...the number sharply went up to...数字急剧上升至...in terms of / in respect of / 在...方面
in contrast 相反，大不相同
表示数据变化的单词或者词组
rapid/rapidly dramatic/dramatically significant/significantly
sharp/sharply steep/steeply steady/steadily gradual/gradually
slow/slowly slight/slightly stable/stably
图表类作文标准化结构：
Para 1, 两句话：第一句：This is a _____chart, which demonstrates the number of_____ from ____ to ____.如果两个图，则：There are two charts below.The _____ chart describes the number of _____, and the _____ chart illustrates the figure of ____.第二句：（所有题目适用），From the chart we can see that the number of ______ varies constantly/greatly in _____.Para 2, As we can see from the chart,/or It is clear from the chart that ____.如果有两个图：则：The _____ chart shows that ______./or As we can see from the first chart, _______
Para 3,(如果两个图的话，)It is clear from the second chart that …
Para 4 结尾：From the figures/statistics above, we can see/conclude/draw a conclusion that …
议论文的写作步骤:
1.引言(introduction)．由于英语作文受时间.字数的限制．因此，审清题意之后在引言段中作者就必须简单解释要讨论的问题，并明白地亮出自己的观点，如提倡什么，支持什么，反对什么．
2.主体段（main body）．主体段是议论的过程，作者必须有足够的证据（adequate proofs）来论证自己的观点．一般可提出一个或两个proofs, 并对此用一两句话分别进行阐述．
3.结论（conclusion）．结论段可以用一两句话来结束文章．同时要注意与引言段呼应，但不能照搬前面的原话．
议论文的写作要点：
1．观点鲜明．一个明确的中心论点．
2．层次分明．一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持，不同层次之间要分明，过渡清晰自然．
3．最后一段总结，得出结论．
4．时态：一般用一般现在时．
5.语言简洁有力，一般不采用口语．
Useful sentences
总起:
Different people hold different opinions.Opinions are divided.People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards …
People have different opinions on this problem.People take different views on this question.表达不同观点:
…of them hold the opinion that ….…of them are in favor of the idea that…
People who are for/against the idea think …
Some people believe that….Others argue that …
不同观点之间的衔接:
However, …of them hold a different view./ …of them hold the opposite opinion.People who are against it don’t think so.However, each coin has two sides.Different from those…., …people think ….On the other hand, … people object that ….并列关系：and, as well as, also…
递进关系：besides, in addition, moreover, what’s more…
比较、对比：like, unlike, on the contrary, on the other hand…
