前景实用英语1unit1教案_前景实用英语教案

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Unit1 College

This is the first unit of Book one.Unit 1 Lead-in and Text A In the lead-in section, you will learn how to use some words and phrases description the university’s Life and will do some practical exercises.(1 period)

1.Study the pictures and give a brief discu the three questions about lead-in talk on description university’s life words and phrases so as to define them.2.Words and Phrases:

a.Students, clamates, sports friends.b.Claroom, football field, library, listening, playing, looking for.c.Very much so, not at all.d.on the right，on the left.e.Lecture theater...f.jump，head，goal g.freshman，sophomore，junior，senior...3.Have the students listen to dialogue 1(2-3 times)and fill in the blanks with the miing words;4.Ask one student to read aloud the talk, so students can check their completed answers;Present more words and phrases about description University’s life, make sure students know how to use those added words and phrases, and organize the activity to accomplish dialogue 2.5.After a brief explanation of the dialogue1-2, the teacher gives the students a few minutes to think about the questions in the task3.6.Ask students to answer the questions about the task3.In the text A section(1-2 period)

A.Lets the students answer the text-related questions(in the exercises), helps them identify the main idea of each paragraph.B.Analyzes some language points while discuing the whole text with the students.Language Points imagine v.to form a picture in your mind of what something might be

e.g.She imagined singing her favorite song on a big stage.她想象着自己在一个巨大的舞台上唱自己最喜欢的歌曲。Close your eyes and imagine(that)you are in a forest.闭上眼睛，想象自己在森林里。

blink n.(usually singular)the act of shutting and opening your eyes very quickly

e.g.He finished all his food in the blink of an eye.一眨眼功夫他把食物全吃光了。

She does not comprehend the meaning of my blink.她没有领会我眨眼的意思。

I never imagined going from name games to eays in a blink

I hadn’t thought I would change from playing games to studying hard so fast.orientation n.training or information that you are given before starting a new job, course, etc.e.g.This is orientation week for all the new students.这是让全体新生熟悉情况的迎新周。imaginable

a.used with superlatives, and with “all” and “every”, to emphasize that something is the best, worst, etc.that you can imagine, or includes every poible example

e.g.This is the only solution imaginable.这是唯一可想得到的解决办法。

dirt cheap(informal)extremely cheap, as cheap as dirt

e.g.The shop owner let us have the stuff dirt cheap.(used as adverb)店主很便宜地卖给我们这些东西。catch up on to find out about things that have happened

e.g.Let me catch you up on all the goip.我跟你透露一点最近的闲话。

goip

n.informal talk or stories about other people’s private lives, that may be unkind or not true

e.g.Don’t believe all the goip you hear.别对那些道听途说都信以为真。

And then came…

Here the subject and verb are in an inverted order.comfirm

v.to state or show that something is true or correct, especially by providing more evidence

e.g.Research has confirmed that the risk is higher for women.研究证实这种风险对女性来讲要大一些。…that I will be piled down with reading and papers… that I will be loaded with piles of books and papers...drop by to pay an informal visit to a person or a place

e.g.I’ve got to drop by the bank to get some money.我得顺便到银行去取点钱。

The rest of the language point was written on the paper of textbook.Text A-related Exercises(1 period)

Guides the students through the exercises, focusing on certain items or leaving some exercises as the students homework according to the students different levels of English.Language points and related grammar 一.并列连词not only…but also…用法归纳

not only…but also表示“不仅……而且”“既……又”，用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语。如：Not only men but also women were chosen.不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的。

We were not only hungry, but also tired.我们不但饿了，而且也累了。另外，在使用not only…but also…时还应注意以下几点：

1.有时可将but also分开用，即将but视为普通的并列连词，用于连接两个句子，然后将also用于句中（用谓语动词用在一起）。如：

He’s not only very fast, but he’s also got marvellous technique.他不仅很快，而且技术高超。

2.该结构中的also有时可以省略，或将also换成too, as well（置于句末）。如： He not only washed the car, but polished it too [as well].他不仅冲洗汽车，而且还擦拭了它。His name is known not only in Japan, but in China.他不仅在日本出名，而且在中国也出名。

3.有时因为语境的需要，not only…but also…也可能用于连接两个性质不同的词或短语，但这多半因为承前省略的原因。如：

He not only goes to work on weekdays, but also on weekends.他不仅工作日去上班，在周末也去上班。

句中的not only后接的是谓语goes to，而but also后接的却是状语 on weekends，可视为but also后承前省略了谓语动词 goes to work。

4.当not only…but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致。如：

Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。

5.为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。如： Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work.她不仅仅迟到了3次，她还没干一点活。

二．What引导的名词性从句

语法：

一.要掌握好what在句子中的语义。

1.表示―……的人‖，相当于the person that…。如： He is not what he was a few years ago.他不是几年前的他了。

Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？ 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这样一个人的？

2.表示―……的地方‖，相当于the place that…。如： This is what they call Salt Lake City.这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。

What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world.现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。

3.表示―……的数目‖，相当于the amount/number that…。如： Our income is now double what is was ten years ago.我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍。

The number of the students in our school has reached as many as 20,000, ten times what it was before liberation.现在我校学生多达2万人，是解放前的十倍。

4.what的这种特殊含义可以根据句子的意思在翻译时灵活处理，不可千篇1律。例如： The color of the flower is different from what it was in the morning.那朵花的颜色与早晨的不同。（what=the color that）二.要掌握好what引导名词性从句的类型。1.宾语从句（用作动词或介词的宾词）。例如：

When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule：Always give the monkey exactly what he wants.求职面试时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。2.主语从句。例如：

What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.他在会上说的话令每个与会者震惊。

3.表语从句。例如：

Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.坚定不移是一种品质——能使人做好任何事情。Air is to us what water is to fish.空气对于我们就像水对于鱼一样（重要）。

4.同位语从句（用在idea, meage等名词后）。例如。I have no idea what we should do next.我不知道下一步我们该干什么。

（Tips what引导名词性从句的三大特点：首先what引导名词性从句的时候what在句中不省略。其次，what引导名词性从句的时候具有词汇意义。最后，what引导名词性从句的时候不仅起引导作用，同时还要做句中的某个句法成分。）

Grammar, F & N and Writing Grammar 名词的复数形式

一、概说：

英语中的名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词又分为单数形式和复数形式，名词的复数形式可分为规则变化和不规则变化以及一些特殊的形式。下面分别介绍。

二、规则名词的复数形式的变化规则如下：

1．大多数在词尾加―s‖，例如：books, pens, clarooms等等。

2．以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词大多数在词尾加―es‖，例如：claes, boxes, brushes, dishes, watches, buzzes（嗡嗡声）等等。但也有例外，如：stomach—stomachs(胃、肚子)等等。

3．以辅音字母加―y‖结尾的词应改―y‖为―i‖，再加―es‖，例如：cities, universities(大学)，factories等等。

4．以元音字母加―y‖结尾的词应直接加―s‖，例如：boys, toys等等。

5．以―f‖和―fe‖结尾的名词应改―f‖和―fe‖为―ves‖，例如：shelf—shelves，knife—knives。但也有例外，如：roof—roofs，cliff—cliffs（悬崖），hoof—hoofs（马蹄），belief—beliefs（信仰），chief—chiefs（首领），proof—proofs(证明)，safe—safes(保险箱)，reef—reefs(礁)等等。此外还有一些该类名词的复数形式有两种变化形式的，如：scarf—scarfs/scarves（头巾）, dwarf—dwarfs/dwarves（矮子）, wharf—wharfs/wharves(码头), handkerchief—handkerchiefs/handkerchieves(手帕)等等。

6．以―o‖结尾的名词的复数形式一般在词尾加―es‖，例如：hero—heroes, echo—echoes(回音)，等等。但也有例外，如：zoo—zoos, radio—radios, piano—pianos, photo—photos, memo—memos(备忘录), solo—solos(独唱、独奏), kilo—kilos(公斤)等。

7．有些名词的复数形式有两种，但意思不一样，一种跟原来相同，一种跟原来不同，例如：colour—colours(颜色/旗帜)，arm—arms(手臂/武器)，custom—customs(习惯/海关)

三、不规则变化主要有下面几种：

1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth

mouse---mice

man---men woman---women

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

如： an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。2）单复同形 如：

deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese

li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin

但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swi 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。

如： The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：

a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。b.news 是不可数名词。

c.the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。

The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。

“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

5)表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glaes(眼镜)trousers, clothes

若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);suit(套);a pair of glaes;two pairs of trousers 6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼

7)．外来词，例如：crisis--crises(危机), basis--bases(基础)，analysis—analyses(分析)，phenomenon—phenomena(现象)

四、特殊的复数形式．一些不可数名词，如waters、teas等的复数形式可表种类，译： 各种各样的……，例如：I have many teas at home.我家有许多种茶。

2．具体化的名词，如cloth、paper等的复数形式，可用来表示某种特殊用途的东西，例如：

Please pa me a(table)cloth（桌布、台布）so that I can clean the table.I can see many sweet papers（糖果纸）on the ground after the party.3．一些抽象名词，如thanks;wishes;congratulations;regards；greetings和cheers等用在英语句子里面时必须固定地使用复数形式，例如： Best wishes to you!Please give my best regards/greetings to your parents.4．一些数字，如1920’s或1920s的，表示20世纪20年代，例如： In the 1920s, he went to a European country.He was born in the 1960’s.5．整十的数字的复数形式，如thirties, eighties可表示―几十岁‖，例如： He joined the Party in his thirties.他三十几岁时入党。

6．英文字母，如b’s、f’s、s’(后面的―s‖可以被省略)，的复数形式，例如： In the word ―differ‖, there are two f’s.We must pay much attention to the s’ at the end of the words.7．有时一些原来不具备复数形式的词，如dos和don’ts等，必要时也可以复数形式，这类词也有人把它看作是被名词化，例如：

In the lab, there are many dos and many don’ts that we must follow.8．人名，如Mary、John等可以表示―几个……的人”，例如：

There are two Johns in our cla, but in the whole school, there are six.9．姓氏，如Black, Green等可以表示一家人或者夫妻，例如： After dinner, the Blacks are usually watching TV at home.五、复合名词的复数形式，一般可以分为以下几种：

1．在词尾加-s或-es，例如：film-goers(常看电影的人)、tooth-brushes（牙刷）、greenhouses（温室、暖房）、go-betweens（中间人）、grown-ups（成年人）2．在主体名词末加-s，例如：lookers-on（旁观者）、paers-by（过路人）、sons-in-law（女婿）、daughters-in-law（媳妇）、gentlemen-at-arms（侍卫官）、ladies-in-waiting（侍女、宫女）

3．两个成分都加-s，例如：men-doctors（男医生）、women workers（女

工人）。

但英、美国家的人不用lady来搭配复数，因为它带有轻视的语气。而含 boy或girl的复合名词中，boy和girl都不用复数，例如：boy-students（男学 生）、girl nurses（女护士）、boy friends（男朋友）、girl monitors女班长

不规则单词复数总结

deer---deer sheep---sheep fish---fish Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese foot---feet tooth---teeth goose – geese man---men woman---women policeman-policemen mouse---mice child---children

this---these that---those I---we me---us you---you he/she/it/---they him/her/it---them

Functions and Notions Greeting and Introduction Object: Master the basic language and skills to use greeting and introduction sentence and phrases.A.Give a brief translation on some common expreions for making Greeting and Introduction so as to more understand them;B.Have the students listen to dialogue 1-2(2-3 times)and fill in the blanks with the miing words;C.Ask one student to read aloud the talk, so students can check their completed answers;D.Now have them look for the attitude words and phrases in the conversation;E.Next, students can role-play the conversation.Exercise: Make a conversation according to the following situation, using expreions for greeting and introduction.On the way to Teaching Building One, your friend and you meet a visiting student from America who is going to study in your cla for one term.The teacher tells them how to do these exercises and presents any topic-related expreions on the chalkboard in advance, which can be used when the students make preparation for oral presentation.Writing Writing for General Purposes: General or Specific Word General

英语语言中笼统词有have，take，go，turn，make，think 等，笼统词的重要特点在于意义广泛，搭配性强，构成词组后可以替代众多具体动词。虽然不能精确表达一个动作，却能大致表达意思。在一些具体动词写不出来的时候，用这些笼统词取代，也能收到异曲同工的效果。

eg.The old sofa will have to discard.= The old sofa will have to go.这一句中，如果想不起来discard，就用go代替，即The old sofa will have to go.Go的使用让句子更为生动了，discard意为“扔掉，废弃”，而go的本意是表明人的来去，用到此处the old sofa也有了生命，生动了起来。四六级作文中，在词汇量不足或是单词不会写的时候，适当使用这些词汇，可以让句子表达完整。

Specific Word 在文章的写作中，少运用一些general words,反而多增加specific images.例如: car 就是general words,因为车的种类有很多。而Benz SUV 就是specific images。在考试的时候，多使用specific words可以帮助把物体解释的更清楚。下面，让我们通过几个例子来证明: 例１ General: Tom got into his car and drove off.Specific: Tom leaped into his SUV and roared off.General words 对人物，地点，和事物的介绍都无法给读者准备的信息，所以为了更清楚的说明，把这些名词都应该换成specific words.英语习语(idioms)语言是文化的载体，习语又是语言的精华。英语习语(idioms)，即英语的习惯用语，英语习语就其广义而言，包括成语(set phrases)、格言(sayings)、典故(allusions)、、俗语(proverbs)、俚语(slang)等，一般指那些常用在一起，具有特定形式的词组，其蕴含的意义往往不能从词组中单个词的意思推测而得。英语习语形象鲜明，寓意深刻，蕴涵着丰富的文化内涵，具有鲜明的民族特色，是人类智慧的结晶。它是英语中表达力最强、文化内涵最丰富的一部分，在英语教学中，必须注意英语习语的教学。虽然它一直是英语学习或英语教学的重点和难点，对英语教学有着及其重要的促进作用。1爱屋及乌 Love me, love my dog.2.百闻不如一见 Seeing is believing.3.比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many;to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst.4.笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.5.不眠之夜 white night