跨文化交流教案(4)_跨文化交流教案

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The aims of the unit:

In this unit, we are going to discu Language and Culture again.We will focus on the following: 1.Color terms in both English and Chinese 2.Connotations and Denotations 3.Discovering Problems: Translating acro languages.4.Language as Communication and Language as Culture 1.Color terms in English and Chinese Red: This color is usually aociated with celebrations and joyful occasions both in English-speaking countries as well as in China.Red-letter days____ holidays such as Christmas and other special days.To paint the town red____ to celebrate wildly, to go out to drink and have a good time.Roll out the red carpet for someone_____ to give a lavish welcome.To see red ___become angry Waving a red flag ____ doing something that could cause quick anger in other people.B In Chinese: 开门红___ to begin well, to make a good start.红光满面____you look the very picture of health and energy.红白喜事____ weddings and funerals.又红又专____ both socialist-minded and profeionally qualified.一颗红心____ loyal to the party, having socialist virtues.White: To most Chinese and Westerners, white has certain similar connotations: purity, innocence, 洁白，清白无辜。

A white lie___ a harmle lie.白菜___ Chinese cabbage

白熊___ polar bear

白蚁___ termite

白费事 ___ all in vain, a waste of time and nergy.白送___ give away, free of charge, for nothing.白开水 ____ boiled water

白肉___ plain boiled pork 坦白 ____ to confe, to make a clean breast of things

白痴____ idiot Black: In both English and Chinese there are various terms indicating that black is often aociated with negative qualities: blacklist, black market, black-hearted and a number of others.Blue: In English, blue is usually aociated with unhappy feelings.In a blue mood, or having the blues___ a sad, gloomy or depreed mood.A blue Monday____ the first day of work or school after a pleasant, happy weekend.It was blue Monday and he just didn’t feel like going back to work.…2。Connotation and denotation

Connotation ___ the suggesting of a meaning by a word apart from the thing it explicitly names or describes;the implication of a word , apart from its primary meaning.There are some sorts of unfavorable or unpleasant connotations for the meanings of some words.Denotation____ its explicit meaning 3。Discovering Problems: Translating acro languages The translation of one language into another is far more complex than most people believe.Language translation is not only difficult;it can be inept and have extreme consequences.Problems in achieving equivalence: Lexical equivalence

One of the goals of translation is to convey the meaning of the original language, but dictionary translations rarely reflect common language usage in a culture.Idiomatic equivalence

Idiomatic expreions are culture-bound;they do not translate well.This is one of the reasons why foreign languages are difficult for nonnative people to learn.Grammatical-syntactical equivalence

Difficulties may also arise when there are no equivalent grammatical or syntactical features.Experiential equivalence

If an object or experience does not exist in one culture, it is difficult to translate words referring to it into the language of that culture when no word may exist for them.Translations frequently produce misunderstanding or incomprehension because of differences in orientation.Conceptual Equivalence

Abstract concepts may not exist in the same fashion in different languages.Difficulty in translation lies in matching concepts.4。Language as Communication and Language as Culture Language, any language, has a dual character: it is both a means of communication and a carrier of culture.Language as communication has three aspects or elements: production is co-operation, is communication, is language, is expreion of a relation between human beings and it is specifically human;The second aspect of language as communication as speech and it imitates the language of real life, that is communication in production.The third aspect is the written signs.The written word imitates the spoken.Language as culture also has three important aspects: culture is a product of the history which it in turn reflects;the second aspect of language as culture is as an image-forming agent in the mind of a child;the third aspect is as culture.Culture transmits or impacts those images of the world and reality through the spoken and the written languages, that is through a specific language.Language as communication and as culture are then products of each other.5