翻译课件_课件翻译
翻译课件由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“课件翻译”。
分句法(拆译法)VS.合句（合译法）
Division and Combination
教学目的：
英语和汉语在句子结构上存在差异，这种差异包括词、短语、句子等的时间
和空间顺序，也包括表达内容和形式方面的不同。在翻译时，需要对原来的句子结构进行调整。
通过分句法和合句法的学习，抛弃原来逐字逐句翻译的习惯，初步掌握这
两种翻译技巧，并能够运用到翻译实践中去。
分句法：
分句法是指把原文的一个简单句译成两个或两个以上的句子。
合句法：
合句法是指把原文两个或两个以上的简单句或一个复合句在译文中用一个单句来表达。
1.把原文中的一个单词翻译成句子，使原文的一个句子分成两个或两个以上的句
子。
A.副词
1）Illogically, she had expected some kind of miracle solution.她满以为会有某种奇迹般的解决办法，这显然不合情理。
2)They, not unexpectedly, did not respond.他们没有回答，这完全是意料之中的事。
3)Theoretically, this is a marvelous piece of scientific writing. 从理论上看，那是一篇了不起的科学论文。
4)The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their achievements in aviation industry.中国似乎为他们在航天事业上取得的成就而自豪，这是合乎情理的。
5)The city segregation law had understandably aroused a civil right movement that
spread from coast to coast.城市隔离法引起美国全国范围内的民权运动，这是可以理解的。
6)He is an active student, but he was uncharacteristically listle in cla today. 这个学生很活跃，可今天他在课堂上却无精打采，异乎寻常。
7）Those Chinese scientists in Silicon Valley are understandably proud of their
achievements.这些在硅谷工作的科学家对他们取得的成就感到自豪，这可以理解。
B.形容词：
1）That region was the most identifiable trouble spot.那地区是个麻烦的地方，这是大家最容易看得出来的。
2）She had such a kindly, smiling, tender, gentle, generous heart that she was loved and
respected by her students. 她心地善良，性格温柔，乐观大方，深受学生们的爱戴。
她心地厚道，性格温柔，气量又大，为人乐观，深受学生们的爱戴。
3）The number of the young people in the United States who cannot read is
incredible---about one in four. 大约有四分之一的美国青年人没有阅读能力，这简直令人难以置信。
C.名词
1)Much of the historical splendor of China strains the imagination of Western
people: its expanse, its cultural diversity, the length of its history, the beautiful objects produced thousands of years ago with a technology that still makes the experts gasp. 中国历史上的许多辉煌成就令许多西方人心驰神往：其内容博大精深，其文化多姿
多彩，其历史悠长久远，她在数千年之前在制作众多极品中所使用的精湛技艺至今还令专家们惊叹不已。
2）He shook his head and his eyes were wide, then narrowed in indignation. 他摇了摇头，两眼睁得圆圆的，接着又眯成一条线，脸上露出愤怒的神色。
3）The high risk of injection puts a premium on the use of sterile needles. 由于注射时受感染的风险大，无菌注射针的使用受到了重视。
2.把短语分译成句子。
A.分词短语
1)He had to quit the position and went into exile, having been deprived of his power. 他被剥夺了权利之后，他只好辞职，流落他乡。
2)The child gave a cry and with outstretched arms ran forward. 那孩子叫了一声，伸开两臂，跑了过去。
3)Being summer, the rivers were open and navigable. 夏天已到，河流开冻，可以通航。
B.名词短语
1)The mayor has to flatter Mr.White, the director of the supervision committee. 市长不得不吹捧怀特先生，他是督导委员会的主任。
2)Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, a universally accepted law. 能量既不能被创造，也不能被消灭，这是一条普遍公认的规律。
3）is compounded by the paucity of the information media. 通信工具不足，就变得更加严重了。
C.前置词短语
1)In August 1946, on my fifth trip through China, bound for my Moscow home but not in
haste, since my husband had died in the war, I came to Yan’an. 2)1946年8月，我在回莫斯科家的途中，第五次路过中国；由于我丈夫已经在战争
中牺牲了，当时我并不急于回去，就到了延安。
3）He arrived in Washington at a ripe moment internationally. 他来到了华盛顿，就国际形式而言，时机正合适。
D.介词短语
1)Wecannot see it clearly for the fog. 由于有雾，我们看不清它。
3.把句子拆开：
1）Out of sheer joy she wave.由于非常高兴，她挥了挥手。
2）Strange enough they were
the same age to the day.真是奇怪，他们年龄一样
大，而且还是同日生的。3）She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without succe.她已经试了好几次，要帮他们找一所出租的房子，结果没有成功。4）His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery. 因为他没有遵守安全规则，机器出了故障
4.把分句拆开：有些句子是由主句和从句构成的，此时，可以把定语从句拆开。 1）Elizabeth was determined to make no effort for conversation with a woman, who was
now more than usually insolent and disagreeable.不肯再和这样一个女人说话。这个女人现在异常无礼，非常令人反感。
（定语从句翻译成另外一句）
2）This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that lay in the house that Jack built. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕。房子是杰克盖的。
3）It(the People’s Republic of China)must be created by the blood and the work of all of
us who believe in the future;who believe in people and his glorious man-made destiny. 伟大的中华人民共和国必须用我们大家的鲜血和工作来缔造。我们这些人相信未来，相信人民，相信人们能够掌握自己的命运—----光辉灿烂的命运。
ADJ.,ADV.,N.,and Phrase(4)
在英语句子里，有某个成分同别的成分在意思上的关系比较松散，或者没有直接的修饰关系，就可以分译。
合句法
1.词的合译
2.把两个或两个以上的简单句翻译成一个句子
3.复合句的翻译
合词译法
无论是西方作家还是中国作家，都喜欢用同义词以强调其表达的意思。西方作家常用的成对词，而中国作家常用的是一条前后两个部分为同义词的四字成语，或两条同义成语。法
1.He is dead and gone.他的确死了。
2.His father is a man who forgives and forgets.他父亲非常宽容。
3.It’s right and proper to try it.试一试是完全正确的。
4.She was surprised and taken aback.她着实吃了一惊。
5.Really and truly?
千真万确?
6.要不然叫他趁早回心转意，有多少好处。（《红楼梦》）
Otherwise, the sooner she changes her mind the better for her.7.其中又见黛玉是个出类拔萃的，便更与黛玉亲近异常。
Noticing too that Daiyu stood out from the rest, she treated her even more affectionately.8.(他们)都是些狐群狗党!
They are a pack of curs!
9.他决定洗心革面，脱胎换骨。
He is determined to turn over a new l eaf.10.你怎么能过河拆桥、忘恩负义呢？
How can you kick down the ladder?
11.陈词滥调 old stuff
12.痴心妄想 wishful thinking, fond dream
13.丰功伟绩 great contributions
14.灵丹妙药 miraculous cure, heal-all
15.自以为是、夜郎自大 self-conceited, arrogant
16.以怨报德、恩将仇报 return kindne with ingratitude
17.低三下
四、奴颜婢膝 humble oneself
18.宽宏大量、既往不咎 forgive and forget
practice
1．词的合译
1)You will supply financial power, and we’ll supply man power.Isn’t that fair and
square?
你们出钱，我们出人，这难道还不公平吗？
2)His father is a man who forgives and forgets. 他的父亲非常宽容。
3)Her son was wise and clever, but her daughter was silly and foolish. 她的儿子非常聪明，可女儿却很笨。
4)He suffered aches and pains. 他遭受百般疼痛。
5)He is a man of culture and learning. 他是个很有学问的人。
6)I hate all these hustle and bustle. 我讨厌这种拥挤不堪的场面。
2.把两个或两个以上的简单句翻译成一个句子。
1)The young man was very miserable.He had no money about him.All his savings had
been stolen. 这个年轻人真惨，已落到身无分文的地步，因为他的全部积蓄都被偷了。
2)That day, the President had an interview with his father.His father was going to the
moon by space shuttle. 那天，总统会见了将乘航天飞机去登月的父亲。
3)He was clean.His mind was open.他为人单纯而坦率。
3.复合句的翻译
1)When I negotiate, I get nervous.When I get nervous, I eat. 我在谈判时总是有些紧张。紧张时我就吃点东西。
2)When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite. 我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。
3)In 1844 Engels met Marx, and they became friends. 1844
4)It was in mid-August, and the repair section operated under the blazing sun. 八月中旬，维修人员在烈日下工作
Exercises
He visited many places, in all of which he was received with the usual enthusiasm which
attended his arduous labors
他访问了许多地方，到处受到热烈的欢迎。他的艰苦努力是经常受到热烈欢迎的。
（此句原文中有两个定语从句，将这样一个英文长句翻译成两个独立的句子，意思更清楚。）
2． They try to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the
country. 3． July and August are the months when the weather is hot.他们企图扑灭反抗，结果反抗愈来愈猛，遍及全国。
七八月份是天气很热的月份。
4.But, occasionally, through haste and carelene, mistakes were made, so that at the
end of the busine day one teller would be short on cash, the other long.但是，偶尔也有这种情况，由于仓促匆忙或者粗心大意而造成错误，结果当天停业结算时，有的出纳会少了现金，而有的会多了。
5.But they had become nomads of the desert, living on the ground and under the sky, and
they loved it. 可是，他们都变成了沙漠里的牧民了。他们生活在苍天之下，黄土之上(风餐露宿)。
可他们也喜欢这种生活。
6.The answer had been there all of the time just out of reach.答案一直摆在那里，但没人找到。
10.She shook and trembled with fear. 11.We must reach our goals and aims.
12.The room is cozy and comfortable. 13.She went back home to take care of her husband.He was seriously ill. 10.She shook and trembled with fear. 她不停的发抖。
11.We must reach our goals and aims. 我们必须达到目的。
8.While I came to the summit, I became very excited.12.The room is cozy and comfortable.这个房间非常舒适。13.She went back home to take care of her husband.He was seriously ill.她回家照料她病重的丈夫。 7.Home after seven years.The word had meant so much to him. 9.He is dead and gone. 7.Home after seven years.The word had meant so much to him. 家，这可是阔别了七年的家啊，这个字对他多亲切呀！
8.While I came to the summit, I became very excited. 到达山顶时我非常激动。
9.He is dead and gone. 他的确死了。
14.They sat down in the waiting-room to do some reading.People came to and fro there. 15.She is very busy at home.She has to take care of the children and do the kitchen
work. 14.They sat down in the waiting-room to do some reading.People came to and fro there. 他们在人来人往的候车室里坐下来看书。
15.She is very busy at home.She has to take care of the children and do the kitchen
work. 她在家很忙，又要照顾孩子，又要下厨。
16.Her father became the mayor of the city.He was a murderer in the Second World War. 18.It is right and proper to try it. 16.Her father became the mayor of the city.He was a murderer in the Second World War. 她的父亲，二次世界大战的元凶，竟当上了这个市的市长。
18.It is right and proper to try it. 试一试是完全正确的。
