高中英语语法难点总结_高中英语语法难点

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定语从句

关系词先行词从句成分例句

Who人主语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?

Whom人宾语The man(whom)she loved came back safe and sound.提拉米苏 Whose人，物定语I like those books whose topics are about action老外 That人，物主语，宾语a cup is a cookie that can eat

She is an elegant women(that)I want to see

Which物主语，宾语the book(which)I gave you was worth 10yuan

The picture which was about the landscape is fantastic As人，物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us

This is the same purse as I lost yesterday

The garden where followers are in full bloom makes us encounter

The reason why he is attractive is his humor

Tomorrow when he will come to my party is my honor

Where=at, in whichwhy=for whichwhen= at，in，on which

Jack studied in a village school,____ is named after his grandfather

I walked in the garden,______ Tom and Tim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees 从句完成选关副，主干缺失关代补

状语从句

时间，条件，方式，让步，原因，目的，结果，比较

时间状从

When从句短暂、延续动词都可 as, while 只延续

When I lived in xin zhuang, I had a cozy life

When we looked at her, she gave us a bright smile

When 主从句动作可同时发生，也可先后发生as, while只能同时

When I eat up my apple, I will buy some.When I arrived at the market, all the apples have been sold out

主从句动作同时发生，从句为延续v，三者都可

When, as, while I was dreaming that I win lottery in five million, the alarm rang

Although不倒 though 倒不倒都可 As倒

Child as he is, he knows a lot

原因状从

语气 because since as 渐弱

Since everybody is here, let’s begin our cla 既然

As it was getting dark, we soon turned back

名词性从句

that的用法

主，表，同位that不省去 宾从一般可以省

That we have a new chairman is known to us all

Whether和if

主，表，同位都只用whether，在引导宾从的时候可以互换，但做介词的宾语只能用whether It all depends on whether we can insist on it

疑问词+ever（名从，让步状从都可）no matter+疑问词只能让步状从

Whoever breaks the law must be punished

Whoever breaks the law, he must be punished可用no matter who

同位从和定从的区别

They expreed the hope that they would come to visit China again同位从不做成分

The hope(that)she expreed is that they would come to visit china again

常见句式的固定时态

No sooner…than,hardly scarcely rarely…when刚。。就

No sooner had I left school than it began to rain

It is was has been+一段时间+since自从。以来有多长时间了is has，did ；was，had done It is has been 10years since we met last

It will be+一段时间+before从句dodoes 表将来要过多久才

It will be three weeks before we have the concert

主句+by the time+从句had done，didwill have done，do

By the time we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off

To do 有副词名词形容词作用，可做主、宾、定、表、状、宾补

Doing 有副词形容词作用，可做定、表、宾补、状

动名词 相当于名词，可做主、宾、定、表

to do 和动名词 作主语

smoking is prohibited here.抽象的泛指的to read the Bible everyday makes her mind full of peace

to do 和分词作定语

the man named jack is in favor of the flowers growing on his yard

to do（目的）和分词作状语

not knowing what to do, he sat there hopelely(泰囧)

faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan

To do（具体的将来的），动名词（抽象泛指）, 分词（感到。）作表语 His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future

Our work is serving the people heart and soul

Encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged 感到鼓舞的To do 分词作宾补 to do/doing 主动 done被动

I saw him(to)fall off his bike and break his leg(动作的过程)

I saw him falling off his bike(进行)

I find the bike repaired

情态动词和虚拟语气

Shall用于一三人称表示征求对方意见，二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁 Shall I dance with you, beauty?

No, you shall not.Can/could/may/might have done对过去进行推测

Must have done一定、确定

Should have done 本应该做却没做need have done 本必要做却没做 If条件句的虚拟

If there were no music，the world would be very dull

错综虚拟句 if you’d taken my advice, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.倒装 were I you, I would marry a girl like me

Had it not been for the free ticket, I wouldn’t have gone to see the film so often Should it rain, the crops would be saved.宾从中

Demand, suggest, order, insist 后接(should)do

He suggested that we not change our mind

Wish did(现)had done（过）should/would do(将)

I wish I could be a pop singer

倒装

完全倒装

Here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away 等副词开头的句子表示强调 Out rushed the children

表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首时

Under the tree lied a handsome guy

部分倒装

Never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/not until 等否定意义的副词放在句首 Hardly did I know what had happened(地震)

Only和修饰的状语放于句首时

Only then did he realized the importance of English(学生出国)

Not only…but also 前倒后不倒

Not only did I knew Japanese, but also I’m expert at it

So that, such that 中so 和such 及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒 So busy is he that he can not go on a holiday recently

独立主格结构

Everything taken into consideration your work is well done

名代+to do(将来)

Lots of work to be done, I have to work extra hours

名代+现在分词（主动）

They run up to me, their hair flying in the wind

名代+过去分词（被动）

He stood there, his hands raised(电影举起手来)

With+复合宾语

With many goals we need to achieve, we should spare no effortHe soon fell asleep with the light still burning

He sat there with his eyes fixed upon the ceiling