英语语法句子结构

2023-08-27 07:13:58 精品范文 下载本文

第1篇:英语语法句子结构

英语语法句子结构

引导语:在世界经济全球化及中国加入WTO的形势下,社会需要大量能够用英语在国际上进行科技、经贸、法律和文化等方面交流的专业人才。小编精心收集了英语语法句子结构,供大家欣赏学习!

英语语法句子结构1

句子的成分

1.定义:组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。表语、宾语、宾语补足语都是谓语里的组成部分。

句子成分 意 义 例 句

主 语 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。 Lucy is an American girl .

We study in No.1 Middle School .

谓 语 说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)用动词。谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致 We love China . / She is singing .

Mike hopes to be a doctor . / His parents are farmers .

表 语 说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。 Her aunt is a driver . / Are you ready ?

We were at home last night .

句子成分 意 义 例 句

宾 语 表示动词、行为的对象,由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当,和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。 He often helps me . / We study English at school.( 励志天下 www.lizhi123.net )

Did you see him yesterday ?

定 语 用来修饰名词或代词。作定语的除形容词外,还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。 The black bike is mine. / Whats your name, please ?

We have four lessons in the morning ?

状 语 用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,通常由副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语等来表示。 People are all working hard. / It is very nice.

We had a meeting this afternoon .

宾语补足语 英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。这类词有:make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let等。 He made me very angry.

I find him a good boy .

英语语法句子结构2

一、名词复数规则

1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2.以s。 x。 sh。 ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 〕

Leaf--leaves

5.不规则名词复数:

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,

child-children

foot-feet,。tooth-teeth

fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

写出下列各词的复数

I _________him _________this ___________her ______

watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______

day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________

tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____

peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______

man______ woman_______

二、一般现在时

一般现在时基本用法介绍

【No。 1】一般现在时的功能

1。表示事物或人物的.特征、状态。如:The sky is blue。天空是蓝色的。

2。表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day。我天天六点起床。

3。表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun。地球绕着太阳转。

一般现在时的构成

1。 be动词:主语 be(am,is,are) 其它。如:

I am a boy。我是一个男孩。

2。行为动词:主语 行为动词( 其它)。如:

We study English。我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”。如:Mary likes Chinese。玛丽喜欢汉语。

【No。 2】一般现在时的变化

1。 be动词的变化。

否定句:主语 be not 其它。

如:He is not a worker。他不是工人。

一般疑问句:Be 主语 其它。

如:-Are you a student?

-Yes。 I am。 / No, I‘m not。

非凡疑问句:疑问词 一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?

2。行为动词的变化。

否定句:主语 don’t( doesn‘t ) 动词原形( 其它)。如:

I don’t like bread。

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn‘t构成否定句。如:

He doesn’t often play。

一般疑问句:Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如:

- Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do。 / No, I don‘t。

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:

- Does she go to work by bike?

- Yes, she does。 / No, she doesn’t。

动词 s的变化规则

1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

2.以s。 x。 sh。 ch。 o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

第2篇:高中英语语法句子结构

英语语法——句子结构

在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。英语的基本成分有六种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial)。

英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式如下:

一: S V(主+谓)

二: S V P(主+系+表)

三: S V O(主+谓+宾)

四: S V o O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)

五: S V O C(主+谓+宾+宾补)主+谓

1.S(主)+ Vi(不及物动词)(谓)

Time flies.1)S + V + adverbial(状语)

Birds sing beautifully.2)S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介词短语)

He went on holiday.3)S + Vi+ Infinitive(不定式)

We stopped to have a rest.4)S + Vi+ Participle(分词)

I'll go swimming.主+谓+宾

1)S + Vt + N/Pron

I like music.I like her.2)S + Vt + to do(不定式)

I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有:attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。

3)S + Vt + doing I enjoy living here.常用于这句型的动词有:admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, mi, practice, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。

4)S + Vt + That-从句

I don't think(that)he is right.常用于这句型的动词有:Admit, believe, doubt, expect, explain, feel...主+系+表

S(主)+ V(谓)(lv)(系动词)+ P(表)

We are Chinese.除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1)表感官的动词,feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。2)表转变变化的动词,become, get, grow, turn, go,等。3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。4)表瞬时的动词 come, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他动词 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等。

1)S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词)

He is a boy.This is mine.2)S + Lv + Adj(形容词)

She is beautiful.3)S + Lv + Adv(副词)

Cla is over.4)S + Lv + Prep Phrase He is in good health.5)S + Lv + Participle(分词)

He is excited.The film is interesting.主+谓+间宾+直宾

S(主)+ VT(谓)+ Oi(间接 宾)+ Od(直接宾)

I give you help.1)S + Vt + N/Pron + N I sent him a book.I bought May a book.上述句型可以变为:S + Vt + N/Pron + To/for-phrase He sent a book to me.He bought a coat for me.2)S + Vt + N/Pron + That-clause

He told me that the film was great.常用于这句型的动词有:aure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warn等。3)S + Vt + N/Pron + Wh-Clause He asked me what he should do.常用于这句型的动词有:Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.主+谓+宾+宾补

S(主)+ Vt(谓)+ O(宾)+ C(宾补)

I make you clear.1)S + Vt + N/Pron + N We named our baby Tom.常用于这句型的动词有:appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名)。

2)S + Vt + N/Pron + Adj He painted the wall white.常用于这句型的动词有:beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。3)S + Vt + N/Pron + Prep Phrase She always keeps everything in good order.4)S + Vt+ N/Pron + to do I wish you to stay.I made him work 常用于这句型的动词有:

5)S + Vt + N/Pron + Participle(分词)

I heard my name called.I feel something moving.6)S + Vt + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive(不定式)

He show me how to do it.常用于这句型的动词有:advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。句子的扩展 常用的英语句子除了基本句型的成分不变通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是

各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。

We found the hall full.我们发现礼堂坐满了。

We found the great hall full of students and teachers.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。

We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听一个重要报告。

We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。

第3篇:英语语法系列讲座之三——句子结构及复合句

语法系列讲座之三

句子结构及复合句

一、句子结构

英语的句子分为三种:简单句、并列句和复合句,其中并列句和复合句又是由若干个简单句所组成的。

简单句:The train arrives.The sea had become calm again.并列句:They must stay in water, or they will die.It is not cheap, but it is very good.复合句:The office that deals with paports is upstairs.When he woke up, the sea had become calm again.简单句的基本结构有五种: 1.主语+谓语 Things change.2.主语+连系动词+表语 Trees are green.3.主语+谓语+宾语

My sister will fix everything.4.主语+谓语+直接宾语/间接宾语 He bought his wife a ring.5.主

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第4篇:初中英语语法总结:too...to结构用法

too...to...这个结构大家一定印象深刻,因为英语老师千叮咛万嘱咐,这个结构代表否定!其实,too...to...不简单,用法很多,今天给大家恶补一下。

常见用法:

too+adj./adv.+to do表示“太……而不能……”

例句:

He is too shy to give a speech.他太害羞,不敢做演讲。

It's too far to get there on time.那个地方太远,不能准时到达。

I'm too tired to go any further.我太累了,走不动了。

变形→当主语不是人的时候(即主语是不定式动作的承受者),不定式既可以是主动也可以是被动。

例句:

The milk is to hot to drink/to be drunk.牛奶太烫了,喝不了。

The box is too heavy to carry/to be carried.箱子太重了,搬不起来。

变形→在句中加上for sb.表示该动作行为只是就它的逻辑主语而言

例句:

Math is too d

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第5篇:英语语法:比较结构终极大总结

比较结构的讲解(34句)

来自《长难句》:

1、it is not that…but that…这不是说„„而是说„„(分析见22)It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working;but that the latter is much finer apparayue and of couse much more accurate in its measurement than the former.2、nothing le than完全是,实在是

What the man said was noting else than nonsense.那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。It is nothing else than a blackmail.这简直就是敲竹杠。

3、as

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