碑林英文导游词Museum of Forest of Stone Tablet1_碑林英文导游词

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Museum of Forest of Stone Tablets(1)

CONTENT OF LECTURE

 General introduction:

location, value, what we can see there  Jingyun Bell and Daxia Stone Horse  Stone-base Claics on Filial Piety  Forest of Stone Tablets: Exhibition Room One-Three, the Rest four Exhibition Rooms  Stone Art Gallery

General Introduction

 A history of more than 900 years

 A collection of over 3000 stone tablets

 A treasure house of ancient China’s calligraphic masterpieces

 A concentration of the best of the Han and Tang Dynasty stone carvings, relieves and sculptures  China’s largest stone book library of ancient literature and historic records

 One of the earliest national agencies for the preservation of important cultural relics

Location

 The Museum is located on the site of a Confucian Temple on Sanxue Street, Xi’an near the Bell Tower

Brief History

 Imperial Ancestral Temple in the Tang Dynasty  Confucian Temple in the Song Dynasty. In 1950, it was extended into the museum that greets us today.Layout

 Stone Tablets

 The Exhibition Hall of Stone Carving Art.Forest of Stone Tablets

 Originally set up in 1087  Over 3,000 stone tablets from the Han Dynasty through the Qing Dynasty preserved  not only a treasure house of ancient calligraphy, but also a rich collection of the ancient Chinese Claics and literature, engraving designs that have represented the historical records between China and other countries  now seven exhibition rooms, six epitaph corridors and one tablet pavilion

Stone-base Claics on Filial Piety（石台孝经）

 the largest tablet in the Forest of Stone Tablets  engraved in 745 in the handwriting of Li Longji, the 7th emperor of the Tang Dynasty. compiled by a disciple of Confucius, Zeng Sheng, after attending Confucius’s lectures Exhibition Room one

 Houseing the “Kaicheng Stone Claics”, including 12 Chinese claics with a total of 650,252 characters engraved double-sided on 114 stone tablets  The room also displays another claic entitled “Mencius” with 30,000 characters, which were engraved on 19 stone tablets in the Qing Dynasty. the compulsory readings for intellectuals of feudal society.The 12 Claics

 《周易》“The Book of Changes”: It predicts and explains through the Eight Diagrams the natural and social development.

《尚书》“The Book of History”: It is the earliest compilation of historical documents.It covers the most important historical documents in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, esp.the early Western Zhou.

《诗经》“The Book of Songs”: It is the earliest collections of songs and poems which were compiled in the spring and Autumn Period. 《周礼》“The Rites of the Zhou Dynasty” 

《仪礼》“The Book of Ceremonies” 

《礼记》“The Book of Rites”

*The three books above are collections of the laws, rites and ceremonies in Xian Qin.The 12 Claics

 《春秋左氏传》“Zuo Qiuming’s Commentary on Spring and Autumn Annals” 

《春秋公羊传》“Gong Yang’s Commentary on Spring and Autumn Annals”  《春秋谷梁传》“Gu Liang’s Commentary on Spring and Autumn Annals”

* The three books are commentaries on the earliest history book “Spring and Autumn Annals” through the points view of historical documents and Confucian philosophy.

《论语》“The Analects of Confucius”: a collection of what Confucius said & did 

《孝经》“The Claics on Filial Piety”:



《尔雅》“Chinese Semantics”: It is the earliest dictionary dedicated in explaining the meaning of words Confucius.Exhibition Room Two

 housing the most famous stone tablets from the Tang Dynasty.They are of great value in terms Chinese calligraphy and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries Famous tablets in terms of calligraphy:

 Ouyang Xun 欧阳询  Ouyang Tong 欧阳通  Yan Zhenqing 颜真卿  Liu Gongquan 柳公权  Monk Huai Ren 怀仁和尚  Zhu Suiliang 褚遂良

Famous Tablets in terms of cultural exchange:  Nestorian Tablet 《大秦景教流行中国碑》  Da Qin Temple

(大秦寺)

Jin Sheng Temple

(金胜寺) Story of a Danish man named Halmore Exhibition Room Three

 This room houses the stone tablets that range from the Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty.They bear a wide variety of Chinese script forms. Calligraphy is regarded in China as the art of writing, beautiful handwriting with the brush, or the study of the rules and techniques of the art.The evolution of Chinese calligraphy Exhibition Room Four

 housing both special style of calligraphy and paintings on tablets, quite different from other art styles

魁星点斗图

 God of Literature Selecting Scholars Among Candidates.“克己复礼正心修身”Restrain oneself and return to the rites.魁星点斗，独占鳌头turtle;魁星: the star at the tip of the Big Dipper;魁星阁：Kuixing Pavilion The Rest Three Rooms

 The rest three exhibition rooms contain the stone tablets carved during the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.Most of them recorded the proce of building temples, irrigating channels, awarding somebody a merit or conducting geological survey, water conservation, agriculture and management or describing earthquakes and natural disasters.These tablets provide a wealth materials to search the development of Chinese calligraphy and politics, economy, culture as well as the social customs of those dynasties.