南京导游考试英文导游词中山陵(附图片)_南京中山陵英文导游词

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中山陵（11分钟）

Dr.Sun Yatsen's mausoleum

一、景点概况（2分30秒）

4、孙中山生平

5、奉安大典

1、地理位置、建陵时间(调到5去说了)、5A级景区

2、墓址选定

3、中山陵的设计者及设计特点

1.Dr.Sun Yatsen’s Mausoleum, located at the southern slope of the Purple Mountain, is the tomb of Dr.Sun Yatsen, who is the great pioneer of the Chinese democratic revolution.It’s one of the 5A Scenery Sites in Nanjing.2.The location of the mausoleum was chosen by Dr.Sun himself.You may wonder: why was Dr.Sun Yatsen buried in Nanjing instead of in his hometown or Beijing where he died? The basic reason is that, he said on dying “After my death, you can bury me at the foot of the Purple Mountain in Nanjing in memory of the Revolution of 1911, because Nanjing is where the temporary government was founded.” So although Dr.Sun stayed in Nanjing not a long time, it had a special meaning to him.3.The designer of the Mausoleum is Lu Yanzhi who designed it in a shape of a kind of bell, which symbolizes Dr.Sun’s spirit as the sounding of a bell that it may reach everywhere of the country and better arouse people of the Chinese nation.4.Talking about the Mausoleum we should have an idea about Sun Yat-sen, the great pioneer of Chinese democratic revolution.When he was still young, he had great expectations.His major was medicine, but later he gave up medicine as his profeion to take part in political activities.In 1905, he set up China Alliance Organization in Japan and he was elected president.On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang uprising broke out and Dr.Sun as elected Interim President of the Republic of China.On the following New Year` s day, he took the oath of office in Nanjing.In 1921, he took the position of President in Unusual Times in Guangzhou.Unfortunately, he broke down from constant overwork and paed away on March 12, 1925.5.The construction of the Mausoleum began on March 12, 1926, just on the occasion of the first anniversary of Dr.Sun’s death and was completed in 1929 when the remains of Dr.Sun Yatsen was transported from Beijing and buried at the present site on June 1, the day that the grand funeral ceremony was held in large proceion.二、陵前部分（2分钟）

1、孝经鼎的重量、高度和鼎腹的刻字及内置六角铜牌上的内容

3、墓道的长度、宽度及特点

2、博爱坊的建筑特色，高度、宽度及正中匾额的“博爱”题字及出处

1.Now, please look to the south.There is a treasured tripod made of bronze, having an ear in each of its sides.One side of the tripod is engraved with three characters “Wisdom, Benevolence and Courage”.These three words are the school instruction of Zhongshan University.Inside of the tripod stands a hexagon copper tablet on which Dai Jitao` s mother` s handwriting of the “the Claic of Filial Piety” is engraved.To the bell-shaped mausoleum the tripod is just like the pendulum.It seems to serve to alarm the whole nation by striking the bell.2.Stepping on the steps, we will see a soaring memorial archway with four columns.The archway is 12 meters height and 17.3 meters in width.Now, look up at the shining words inscribed on the horizontal board.The words in English mean “universal fraternity”.They were written by Dr.Sun Yatsen.The word are taken from a Tang Dynasty poet Han Yu` s “Fraternity is humanity”.Dr.Sun devoted his whole life to bourgeois democratic revolution with great fraternity and struggled for the national independence and freedom for many years.So we can say that “fraternity” is the best generalization of his life.3.Further from the Fraternity Archway, there is an avenue leading to the mausoleum.The avenue is 480 meters long and dozens of meters wide.Both sides of the avenue are planted with Himalayan pines, gingko and maple trees etc, having replaced the stone statues and animals before ancient tombs.The tomb avenue in such a design may best embody Dr.Sun’s spirit and noble character.三、陵门、碑亭（2分30秒）the gate of the mausoleum, tablet pavilion1、陵门前广场简介

2、陵门的建筑特点，“天下为公”匾额题字及出处

4、台阶与八大平台简介：包括台阶和平台的数量、寓意，第五层和顶层平台的重要陈设

3、碑亭的形状、建筑特点，碑的高度、特点和碑上的题字

1.At the end of the avenue stands a magnificent entrance tower.It is the gate of the mausoleum.In front of it is an open cement platform 70meters in width flanked by lawns.On each side of the platform there is a guardroom roofed by blue-glazed tiles.But the rooms did never have a guard stationed before.2.The gate of the mausoleum is single-eaved and gable-roofed with bule-glazed tiles too.Under the front eave of the gate, Dr.Sun Yatsen’s motto” The World Belongs to the Public” can be seen.The words are quoted from The Analects of Confucius.Dr.Sun often wrote them during his life as the wording for a scroll, because this is the lofty ideal that Dr.Sun pursued all his life.3.Now, in front of us is the tablet pavilion with a double-eaved and nine ridged roof of blue-glazed titles.Erected in the middle of the pavilion is an eight meters high stele which was engraved with 24 gold-plating characters “Chinese Kuomintang buried premier sun here on June 1, 18th year of the republic of china”.These words were written by one of the founder members of Kuomintang, Tan Yankai.4.Now we are on the fifth platform.Look, there are two big copper “ding” with two holes in the bottom of the left.Why? In late 1937, when the Japanese army attacked Nanjing, their shooting left two holes in the left ding.They always remind Chinese people not to forget the national humiliation.Not far away, there are two bronze dings in ancient style.They are presented by Mr.Sun` s son Sun Ke and his family.Now we have reached the top of the platform.Here we can have a bird-view of what it is in the distance.There are altogether 392 steps which implied the number of Chinese population at that time-392 million.The architect divided the 392 steps into 10 parts and every part has a platform.More marvelous, if you look up from the bottom, you can see that the steps extend to the top without stop and you can’t see any platform.But if you look down from the top, you only see the platforms.四、祭堂、墓室（3分钟）Memorial Hall，Coffin Chamber1、祭堂前平台简介

2、祭堂的建筑特点和规模、“天地之气”直额及三拱门上的“民族、民生、民权”题字

3、祭堂内的布局：色彩、十二根黑大理石柱、东西墙裙的《建国大纲》、内顶党徽图案及孙中山坐像

4、坐像基座六幅石雕

5、墓室门简介、墓室内部的建筑特色、圆形石圹的直径和深度，孙中山卧像简介

6、墓穴简介

1.Now we are in front of the Memorial Hall and the coffin chamber.They are the major parts of the mausoleum.2.The structure of the Memorial Hall is of an ancient wooden palace style.Its roof, with double-eaves and nine ridges, is covered with blue-glazed tiles.The inscription on the horizontal board is engraved with seal characters cut in relief—“Naturalism” “Democracy” and “People` s livelihood”.These are the most basic and general guiding principles of Mr.Sun` s revolutionary activities.A vertical plaque under the eave is inscribed with 4characters written in Dr.Sun’s own hand, meaning “The healthy tendency is bound to prevail over the world.”

3.Please follow me into the Memorial Hall.The main colors of the Hall are black, white and blue, which are used to expre filial piety in China.There are 12 black stone columns which implied 12 months in a year.Now you can have a look at Mr.Sun Yatsen` s handwriting of “The Outline National Reconstruction”, engraved on the east and west walls.The floor is paved by black Yunnan marble and the vaulted caion ceiling in inlaid with mosaic emblem of the K.M.T.Party.In the middle is the sitting statue of Dr.Sun Yat-sen in a robe.The statue was sculpted by a Polish sculptor in 1930 in Paris.4.The 4 faces of pedestal for the statue are carved in bas-relief about Dr.Sun’s revolutionary activities.The relief carvings respectively stand for: a new born baby held in its mother’s arms symbolizing the new republic is supported by the whole nation;going abroad for promotion and holding discuions about the revolution, rousing the deaf and awakening the unhearing that is to say enlightening the benighted;sending the punitive expedition against the warlord Yuan shikai, and the state power authorized by the Congre.5.6.Behind the Memorial Hall is a vault-framed tomb chamber 18 meters in diameter and 11 meters in height.There are two doors that you need to get through.The outer door is a double-leaf door made of copper.The door frame is built by black marble with 4 Chinese characters carved on its lintel, meaning “Imperishable Noble Spirit”.The second door is a single-leaf door also made of copper, on which “The Tomb of Mr.Sun Zhongshan” is carved in 7 Chinese seal characters.In the middle of the chamber is a round tomb pit enclosed by a marble railing, and in which a marble coffin is placed with the sleeping statue of Dr.Sun in Chinese tunic suit on its top, as if he were resting in peace.But his remains are buried 5 meters deep underneath.五、附属纪念建筑（1分钟）

3、中山植物园（原总理陵园植物园）

4、廖仲恺与何香凝墓、谭延闿墓、紫霞湖正气亭

1、孙中山纪念馆

2、音乐台、光华亭、行健亭、流徽榭

1.There are many other buildings in the surrounding areas of the Mausoleum.The Dr Sun Yatsen Museum is located in the deep forest of a quiet dale between the Mausoleum and the Linggu Temple.2.There are also Music Stand, Reviving China Arbor, Brisk Walk Arbor and Stray Rays Waterside Arbor around here.3.If you are interest in plants, you can go to the Zhongshan Botanical Garden.Breaking the earth for the establishment in 1929, it was the No.1 National Botanical Garden in China.4.At the foothills of the Zhongshan Mountain, there are several tomb-yards for the revolutionaries in the contemporary history of China, such as Tomb for Liao Zhongkai and He Xiangning and Tomb of Tan Yankai.What’s more, you can also go and have a visit of the Upright Pavilion in Zixia Lake.