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轮机实习生英语实习题
1.Please describe your ship in brief.Our ship was made in china in 1994, the name is NING AN 15.It has 7 cargo-boxes, the gro registered tonnage are 26420 tons.The length overall of the veel is 185m.The port of registry is Guangzhou.There are two main engines, three A/E, tow fresh water generator, two fuel and exhaust gas combined boilers, etc in engine room.2.Do you like your occupation? And are you confidence to be an excellent engineer after 12
months?
Yes.I like my occupation very much and I confidence to be an excellent engineer after 12 months.3.What works should you do when you are on duty(watch-keeping)?
⑴ At the beginning of the watch the current operational parameters and the condition of all machinery should be verified and also the log readings should correspond with those observed.⑵ The engineer officer in charge should note if there are any special orders or instructions relating to the operation of the main machinery.4.What should you do when standby engine?
⑴ Warming: It should be approx cooling water transferred from the rounding A/E to the M/E cooling water system, or should be used the steam for warming the M/E cooling water.⑵ Reading for lube oil system: check that the lube oil cycle tank.Start if the main lube pump and check preures.Since one hand operating the cylinder lubricators.⑶ Ready for cooling water system: check that the level of M/E water tank and all valves in the various system are operational.tart the main engine C·W pump.After the M/E rounding, main sea water pumps working when the system temperature rises.⑷ Reading for compre air system: pump up the starting air reservoirs to their maximum preure and drain the air reservoirs and air system.⑸ Reading for fuel oil system: check that the level of M/E setting tank and DO, FO serve tank.If you found the level down, you must be bunker the oil.⑹ Turning: start the turning gear, and with the indicator cocks open, and with the control gear in the ‘stop’ position, give the engine at least one complete turn.⑺ Starting: inform bridge that engine-room would like to turn engine.During the engine is turning check to see that no water and sludge leaking from the indicator cocks, start the engine on air briefly on both direction and then close all indicator cocks.⑻ Finally: before ‘standby’ is rung on the engine telegraph, it is neceary to give the main diesel engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern.5.What is the difference between 2-stroke engine and 4-stroke engine?
⑴ In the two-stroke engine, revolution of the crankshaft makes one power or working stroke, while in the four-stroke engine, it takes two revolutions to make one power stroke.That is why a two-stroke cycle engine will theoretically develop twice the power of a four-stroke engine of the same size.Inefficient scavenging and other loes, however reduce the power advantage to about 1.8.⑵ Due to the gas exhaust mechanism of 2-stroke engine is simply, so the construction of the 2-stroke is simple than 4-stroke engine.⑶ The gas exchange quality of 4-stroke engine is better than 2-stroke engine.⑷ The thermal load of 2-stroke is high than 4-stroke engine.6.What is the main reason when you see black(blue, yellow, white)smoke exhausted from the
diesel engine?
⑴ Black smoke: ① Air supply too low clue to fouling of air and gas paages.② fuel valves or atomizers defective.⑵ Yellow smoke: sulfur too high.⑶ Blue smoke: too much lube oil.⑷ White smoke: There is more water in fuel oil.7.How do you take a generator on load?
If we will want to take a generator on load, we can employ parallel operation.To parallel an incoming machine to a running machine therefore it is neceary to ensure firstly that both voltages and frequency.Voltmeters are provided for this purpose.Secondly the frequencies and phase must be brought into phase.In practice the synchroscope usually more slowly in the fast direction and the paralleling switch is closed as the pointer reached the 11 position.This results in the incoming machine immediately accepting a small amount of load.8.Draw a sketch to explain the principle of Fresh Water Generator.This is the vacuum boiling evaporator.Look for this picture of its principle.It makes use of the sea water boil produce the water steam, and through condenser produce fresh water.Usually the heater is cooling water of main engine cylinder.The total boiling is carrying out inside the vacuum, so we have to use a vacuum pump, and keep in vacuum about 1.1MPa.The important thing that we have to keep in the salinity of fresh water low to a fix value, so we install a salinity indicator on the distillate line.9.Draw a sketch to explain the principle of oily-water separator.The complete plant consists of a separator, a filter, a screw pump and a bilge alarm.The oil/water mixture is pumped into the separator by the screw pump.The preliminary separation then takes place in the separator according to the gravity principle.The oil to be separated rises into the oil collecting tank in the upper part of the separator.The de-oiled water leaves the filter for the remaining separation.The filter is fine oil separator oil rises into the oil collecting space too, and the water to the sea, but the important thing: the density must be low to 15PPM, so we install a visual alarming.The oil of collecting space is drained into the used oil tank.10.Draw a sketch to show the inside of oil-fried boiler? What safety devices the boiler provided
and how to check them?
The picture shows the inside of oil-fired boiler, look at it.The safety devices include the safety valves and the feel water system.⑴ The safety valves: There are mounted in pairs to protect the boiler against overpreure.Once the valve lifting preure is set in the presence of a surveyor it is looked and can not be changed.The valve is arranged to open automatically at the pre-set blow off preure.⑵ Feed water system: Frequent comparison of drum-mounted and remote-reading water level indicators: discrepancies between these have contributed to failures because of overheating through shortage of water, when a boiler was being oil fired.If in doubt as to the true boiler water level, i.e.whether a water level indicator sight gla is completely full or empty, when a unit is being oil-fired the fire should be immediately extinguished until the true level is resolved.11.Draw a sketch to describe the principle of Sewage Treatment plant? And how to maintain?
A number of biological sewage treatment plant types are in use at sea but nearly all work on what is called the extended aeration proce.Basically the consists of oxygenating the liquor either by bubbling air through it or by agitating the surface.By so doing a family of bacteria is propagated which thrives on the oxygen content and digests the sewage to produce an innocuous sludge.The impreion that bubbling air through the sewage serves to oxidize it thus reducing BOD is not strictly the case.It is the bacteria that reduce the BOD by converting the organic content of the sewage to a chemically and organically inert sludge.In order to exist, the bacteria need air and nutrient.The nutrient is in the form of body and galley wastes.If the nutrient source is cut off, i.e.the plant shut down or by-paed for say an extended ocean paage, the bacteria die and the plant cannot function correctly until new bacteria colony is generated.12.What do you need to clock before and after start the life-boat engine?
Before start the life boat engine: We have to check the cylinder of diesel engine having or don’t having other things, check the diesel oil and lube oil level of tanks, adjust the diesel engine throttle controlling at max for starting easy.After start the life-boat engine: We have to check the preure of lube oil.Look at the smoke color exhaust or listen to the sound from the diesel engine.If we found the abnormal condition, we must be found out reason as soon as poible.We also need to check the change diction.13.What is the principle of incinerator and have you burnt the sludge?
There is an incinerator in our ship, and I have burnt the sludge just several times because most of the sludge in our ship was push away by the people from port.The principle of incinerator was like the boiler.14.Explain in brief how to write down the oil record book.Oil Record Book part Ⅰshall be provided to every oil tank of 150 tons gro tonnage and above and every ship of 400 tons gro tonnage and above, other than oil tankers, to record relevant machinery space operations, for oil tanks, Oil Record Book part Ⅱshall also be provided to record relevant cargo/ballast operations when making entries in the Oil Record Book, the date, operation code and item number shall be inserted in the appropriate columns and the required particulars shall be recorded
chronologically in the blank spaces.15.What is the difference between the centrifugal pump and screw pump? How to start a
centrifugal pump?
⑴ The screw pump are positive displacement type pumps.Displacement pumps are those where the volume of the pump chamber is alternately increased to draw the liquid in from the suction pipe and then decreased to force the liquid out into the delivery pipe.⑵ Centrifugal pumps are those where in an impeller rotating at high speed throws the liquid by centrifugal force from the centre to the periphery of the impeller where the liquid is discharged through the delivery outlet.Unlike the screw pumps, the centrifugal pumps do not have a positive suction action.⑶ Due to the centrifugal pump does not have a positive suction action and must be primed by flooding before it will draw water from a lower level starting.An air pump or a central priming system may be used for this purpose.We will have to close the discharge valve before a centrifugal pump starting.Because of centrifugal pumps are no positive and fairly low preure units.Here a closed discharge valve will not cause exceive preure to build up.16.What is your duty in emergency drills(Life-saving, Fire-fighting, Pollution prevention)?
Life-saving: Lay out embarkation ladder and take care of embarkation.Fire-fighting: Prepare team, carry extinguishers waiting on the scene.Pollution prevention: Carry cotton yarns and remora and clean spill oil.17.What action will you take if you find a small fire in E/R?
About this question I think the important thing that I approve the fire whether or not small.If I find a small fire in E/R, I will extinguish the fire first.18.What action will you take if you find your ship spilling oil?
If I find our ship spilling oil, I will call C/E to the scene and start the muster lists for veel.19.What precaution will you take when you do the special work(Hot work, Enter a enclosed
space)?
Hot work: We will check the scene whether or not safety and whether or not ready for extinguish equipments.We will wear work clothes and the protect gloves.Enter an enclosed space: We will pa the enough air first and must be have enough lighting.Aign a man look after the enter man at the enter space and ready for some emergency equipments.The enter man must be know contact signal and the way of run for its life.20.What is PSC/FSC/ISPS?
PSC: Port state control.FSC: Flag state control.ISPS: International safety port of ship.
