必修五英语第一单元练习_英语必修五第一单元题

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Unit 1GreatScientists

语言要点

单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇

部分词语辨析 词形变化1.2.valuable adj.有价值的value n.价值value v.估价, 评价3.instruct v.教导，命令instruction n.指示，用法说明instructive adj.有益的，教育性的4.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的enthusiasm n.狂热，热心enthusiast n.热心家，狂热者重点单词

attend v.vt.出席, 参加, 照顾, 护理, 注意 vi.专心, 留意

expose vt.使暴露, 受到, 使曝光 v揭露 absorb vt.吸收;使(精神)贯注;吞并 blame n过失, 责备 vt.责备, 谴责 instruct vt.教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知 contribute vi．& vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿重点词组„„之外;另外

make sense 有意义重点句1.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.2.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.3.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it „..重点语法词语辨析【解释】

haracteristic 并用其适当的形式填空

He proved himself true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.People living in the city are different from those in the countryside in_________.What are the __________that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese?

Chinese __________ attract a great number of foreigners all over the world.The main purpose of a play is to let the ________ speak for themselves as much as poible.Keys: 1)character2)character 3)

characteristics 4)character 5)character2).examine/ check /test 检查【解释】I was being _______ for a driving license for the third time.2）The doctor _________ him carefully.3）The interviewer always _______ her facts before sending them to the editor.Keys: 1)tested2)examined3)checks3)cure/ treat 治疗，【解释】Keys: 1)treated;cured4)blame/scold 责备【解释】责备；谴责； 归咎于指大声呵斥，责备，唠唠叨叨Don't _______ it on him, but on me.2）The parents ______ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once.Keys: 1)blame 2)scolded5)reject /refuse 拒绝【解释】’s idea.2）I can’t stand working with Jane in the same office.She just ________to stop talking while she works.Keys: 1)rejected2)refusesII.词形变化 science n，科学scientific adj.科学的scientist n.科学家announce v．宣布announcement n.宣布announcer n，广播员，告知者instruct v.．指导，命令instruction n.指导，指示instructive adj.有益的，教育性的练习The ______ make a(n)________ that all the details should _______ through the broadcast.(announce)

3)It is ______and easy for the children to read some masterpieces with the _______ at the bottom of eachpage.(instruct)

4)“You don’t seem very ______ about the idea.” “I don’t mind,” she said, without much ______.(enthusiasm)

5)There is no any criterion to ______ whether it is _______ information.(value)

keys: 1)scientist;scientific;science 2)announcer;announcement;be announced 3)instructive;instructions

4)enthusiastic;enthusiasm 5)value;valuable Ⅲ．词汇vi.终结； 结束;推断； 决定 [典例]

1）The meeting concluded at ten o'clock.会议于十点钟结束。

2）It is hard to conclude.这很难断定。[重点用法]

conclusion n.结束,结论

make／draw／reach／come to／arrive at a conclusion

bring sth.to a conclusion使„结束；in conclusion作为结论，最后；Keys:1)We concluded that the blue team could not reach the destination on time.2)We concluded that he didn’t tell us the truth.That is, he was lying.2.attend v.1)注意；留意(与to连用)2)出席；到场：3)照看；照料：We'll attend to the problem later． 稍后我们将关注那个问题。Which doctor is attending you? 哪一个医生为你看病? [重点用法]

attendance n．出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料attend school上学

attend a lecture听讲座attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼‘参加典礼Keys: 1)They attended our affairs during our absence.2)He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.3.exposevt.1)使暴露, 显露2)曝光3)揭露 [重点用法]

exposure n．(在日光、风雨、危险中)暴露，暴晒(后接to + n．)；(摄影的)曝光„.置身于„„;暴露于„[典例]

1）A real artist can always expose his students to good art and music

称职的艺术家总能使学生接触美好的艺术和音乐 2）This film has been exposed.这片子已经感光。3）He exposed the plan to the newspapers.他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。

4）Exposure to the cold wind left my lips feeling dry．我暴露在寒风中，觉得嘴唇干裂。

As a journalist in the war, she was exposed to many dangers.作为战地记者,她置身于多种危险中.[练习]用expose的恰当形式填空。

1）The soil was washed away by the flood，_____________bare rock．

2The baby was left ____________the wind and rain．3The _____________of the plot against the President probably saved his life．Keys: 1)exposing2)exposed to3)exposure 4.absorb

1)吸收2)使(精神)贯注3)占用(时间)[重点用法]

be absorbed in 全神贯注于;热衷于;absorb one’s attention吸引某人注意力 [典例]

1）The equipment can absorb moisture from the air这一设备能从空中吸收水分

2）He is absorbed in study.他专心读书。3）This job absorbs all of my time.这件工作占用了我的全部时间。[练习] 汉译英

颜色丰富的东西总能轻易地吸引孩子们的注意力。__________________________________________________________________________________________ 这双新鞋特别设计了吸收能量的作用。

__________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1)Things in colour can often absorb children’s attention easily.2)The new shoes are specially designed to absorb the energy.5.blame vt．责备；谴责；归咎于；．责；(过失、过错)责任

The carele driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday．

那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。Who is to blame for the failure?谁该为这次的失败负责?

The student blamed the teacher for his failure．学生因失败而怪老师。blame sb．for(doing)sth．因(做)某事而指责某人

blame sth．on sb．因某事而指责某人

sb．be to blame for(doing)sth．因(做)某事某人应

注意: be to blame 应负责(无被动形式)。

Keys: 1)It seemed that the water was to blame.2)Nobody is to blame for it.3)He blames you for neglect of duty.6.instruct vt教导;指示

[典例]

1）Mi Liu instructed a cla in math last year.刘老师去年给一个班学生上数学课.2）The volunteers often go to an orphan home to instruct orphans.in English

这些志愿者经常去孤儿之家去教他们英语.3）He was instructed when to start through the email.他从邮件中得到出发时间的通知

4）He was instructed to sail for New York.他奉命前往纽约。[重点用法]

instruct sb.(in sth.)教, 教导,传授技能 instruct sb.to do;instruct wh-命令, 指示, instruct that-clause通知 [练习] 汉译英

1）老职工对青年职工言传身教.__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2）同时要求孩子们放学后留在教室里.__________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1)The old workers instruct the young workers not only in words, but by deeds.2)The children were also instructed not to leave the claroom after cla.7.contribute vi．&vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿 He contributed to the church．

2）He often contributes to this newspaper．他经常向这家报社投稿。Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer． [重点用法]

contribution.n.捐献，贡献；投稿contribute„to „向„„捐献(投稿)contribute to„促成，起作用，有助于

make a contribution to／towards向„„捐赠；对„作出贡献

以上短语中to为介词；

1)Everyone is encouraged to ___________ the discuion.2)Her work has ___________ our understanding of this difficult subject.3)She has __________ poems to literary

magazines．Keys:1)contribute to2)contributed to3)contributed

Ⅳ重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1．put forward(建议等)；推荐某人或自己任职位；提名

He put forward a new plan yesterday．

2）May I put your name forward as a p【新编资料】2013-2014学年高中英语（新人教版 必修五）导学案：Unit1 Great Scientists（33页）