初二英语写作教案_英语写作课教案
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一.步骤审题:审清作文体裁(类型)时态、人称等细节; 2 列提纲(文章结构框架):分几段,以及每段大体内容; 3 写作:在提纲的基础上补充要点;复查:看查拼写、语法、标点等问题,靠语感检查语句是否通顺、连贯等; 5 誊抄:不允许做任何的更改。1.动笔之前,认真审题
《中考考试说明》指出,书面表达要切中题意。怎样才能切中题意?就是要认真审题,看到考题后,先不要急于动笔,要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面,确定短文的中心思想,不要匆匆下笔,看懂题意,根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。2.围绕中心,拟定提纲
要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点,同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力,把情景中给出的各个要点逐条列出。根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾,设想几个承上启下的连词,将主要句型、关键词语草草记下,形成提纲,写时切忌结构分散,废话连篇,严重跑题。书面表达,内容广泛,题材多样,要弄清考题的要求是写人、叙事、介绍、评论、图表、书信、日记、通知、便条还是看图作文或改写缩写。如果是日记,要写清年、月、日和天气情况;如果是书信,则要注意书信的格式,注意短文字数不要低于或超过规定的字数太多。
3.中考作文时,由于时间紧、内容多,同学们出错在所难免。因此,改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分,根据错误多少来扣分。因此,中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手:
(1)格式是否有错。(2)拼写有无错误。(3)语言是否用错。(4)时态、语态错误。(5)标点错误。(6)人称是否用错。
二.作文一般框架:文章分3段:
(1)综述:概括性强,最多2句话引入主题;(2)正文——主要内容:层次性强,一定要有过渡型连接词。最多展开3 个方面,每个方面最多2句话;
(3)结尾:紧扣主题,2句话内结束,尽量升华。
三.技巧
1.上下文要连贯。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则,因此同学们应把写好的句子,根据故事情节,事情发生的先后次序(时间或空间),使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理,使文章连贯、自然、流畅。连接词1)表示并列关系的过渡词:and, as well as, or … 2)表示转折关系的过渡词:but, yet, however …
3)表示时间关系的过渡词:first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that …
4)表示空间关系的过渡词:near(to), far(from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside … 5)表示比较关系的过渡词:in the same way, just like, just as …
6)表示对照关系的过渡词:but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of, even though …
7)表示递进关系的过渡词: also, and, then, too, in addition, moreover, again …
8)表示因果关系的过渡词:because, since, then, thus, otherwise, so, therefore ,as a result…
9)表示解释说明的过渡词:for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually …
10)表示强调的过渡词:in fact, indeed, necearily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important …
11)表示目的的过渡词:for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, …
12)表示列举的过渡词:for example , such as …
13)表示总结性的过渡词:in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, as has been stated, in a word, in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking …
2.句型
在各种…之中…
Among various kinds of …,e.g.Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.就我的看法…;我认为… In my opinion, … = To my mind, ….= As far as I am concerned, …
e.g.In my opinion, playing computer games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.根据我个人经验…
According to my personal experience, … = Based on my personal experience, …
e.g.According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.俗语说得好:「…」。
Well goes an old saying, “…”
= As an old saying goes(runs, says),“…“
e.g.As an old saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”(A)…用下列方法… in the following ways.(B)…有三个主要理由。… for three major reasons.e.g.I build my confidence in the following ways.People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.换言之…
in other words, …
e.g.In other words, I will try my best to live up to my goal.曾经…最…的… 最高级+ 现在完成时
Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.3.不会表达时(1)迂回而行
当汉语词义不会用英语表达时,可以想一个与这个汉语词义相似的几种词义。扩展思路,然后从英语中找出一个与其词义相近的代替。这样可有异曲同工之妙。(2)小词大用
汉语中有些语意看来很复杂很文雅,但在英语中可用一些常用词表达。下面这些词可能在你的书面表达中很有用:take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help 等。(3)借花献佛
有时书面表达中需要的单词或词组或许在试卷中的其他地方出现。因为刚刚做过题,记忆犹新,那么就可信手拈来,为我所用。
注意事项 1.时态一致
必须注意所用时态符合上下文。如果用过去时叙述一个故事,就要保证通篇都用过去时,不要在作文中间变成现在时。同样,如果是在谈论普遍问题、现状或日常习惯,就要用现在时,而不要用过去时
Yesterday I did my homework.It takes me
three hours.His father thought he is good at math.2.主语一致
应该保持全文人称一致,这样读者才能跟随一个逻辑思维顺序。否则读者会感到困惑。
e.g.Although you may fail the exam, he can still be useful to the country.3.主谓一致/人称一致
确保语法正确。
e.g.Things I hate to do is doing homework.Every people start to learn English.4.词序/语序
它能够帮助准确表达作者本意并并避免意义含糊不清。注意要让句子尽量保持英语的表达习惯。
e.g.I already have had lunch.She with her mum traveled to Italy
In China, he knew there were big floods.5.避免词的重复。
e.g.All in all, we had a wonderful trip.We travelled acro Sydney, Canberra and Melbourne.We saw the beautiful coast of Queensland.We toured all of Perth.We had a great visit with Dan.Perhaps we will go again next winter.
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