中国驻美国大使张业遂在中美总商会成立6周年晚宴上的讲话_中国驻美国大使
中国驻美国大使张业遂在中美总商会成立6周年晚宴上的讲话由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“中国驻美国大使”。
张业遂大使在美国中国总商会成立6周年晚宴上的讲话
2011/11/18
尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们：
我很高兴出席美国中国总商会举办的首次年度晚宴，与大家一起庆祝总商会成立6周年。
美国中国总商会自2005年成立以来，秉承为会员服务的宗旨，发挥了“中美经贸桥梁、企业合作纽带”的独特作用，为促进中美经贸关系发展作出了积极贡献，我谨对此表示祝贺！
今年是中美重新打开交往大门40周年。40年来，中美关系虽历经风雨，但在两国领导人、历届政府和各界人士的共同努力下，两国关系取得了长足发展。如今，中美关系已成为当今世界最重要、最具活力的双边关系之一。
当前中美关系的一个显著特点是中美两国的经济联系日益紧密。现在，中美互为第二大贸易伙伴。2010年，双边贸易额达3853亿美元。中国是美国第三大出口市场，并已连续10年成为美国增长最快的主要出口市场。2000年至2010年，美国对华出口累计增长468%，同期美国对其他国家的出口仅增长 55%。美国是中国最大的外来直接投资来源国，中国则是美国最大的债权国。
中美经贸关系为两国人民带来了实实在在的利益。据估算，2001年至2007年，美国对华出口为美国新增250万个就业机会。摩根斯坦利公司的一份报告显示，美国400万至800万个就业机会与中美贸易密切相关。仅以美国玩具零售业为例，2010年美国该行业就业总人数为14万人，其中约12万就业岗位源自中国进口。
中国物美价廉的产品也为美国广大消费者带来了的实实在在的利益。过去10年，中国产品使美国消费者节省了6000多亿美元。研究表明，中美经贸合作为美国促进经济增长、降低通胀发挥了积极作用，并平均为每个美国家庭增加了1000美元的可支配收入。
今年1月，中国国家主席胡锦涛对美国进行了成功的国事访问。访问的一个重要成果是胡主席和奥巴马总统在联合声明中就共同努力建设相互尊重、互利共赢的中美合作伙伴关系达成了共识。同时，两国元首还一致同意建立中美全面互利经济伙伴关系。
我认为，作为建设全面互利经济伙伴关系的重要部分，双方需要在以下优先领域加强合作：
首先，作为世界上前两大经济体，中美应继续携手推动世界经济复苏，维护全球金融稳定。
当前，中美两国都致力于调整经济结构。中国正在实施“十二五”规划，其重要内容是加快转变经济发展方式，扩大内需。美国政府也在大力振兴美国经济，重振制造业，加强基础设施建设，扩大出口。中美应继续支持彼此的经济结构调整，这符合双方共同利益
2008年国际金融危机爆发以来，中美在二十国集团峰会框架下就如何应对金融危机进行了有效磋商与协调。近期，中美在法国戛纳二十国集团领导人峰会、夏威夷亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议期间密切合作，为推动亚太地区以及世界经济的增长和复苏，维护全球金融稳定作出了努力。
第二，中美在继续加强双向贸易与投资方面拥有巨大潜力。
中国正在加快转变经济发展方式、调整经济结构，构建扩大内需长效机制，促进经济增长向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变。今后5年，中国消费增长率将保持在一个较高水平上，预计进口总规模有望超过8万亿美元。这将给包括美国在内的世界各国的农民、制造商和工人带来更多机遇。
当前，美国对华出口仅占中国进口总量的7%。这不符合中美双边关系的发展现状以及中国的进口能力。人们不禁要问：美国在充分挖掘中国市场潜力方面是否作好了准备？
与之相关的一个问题是美国应放宽高技术产品对华出口限制。2001年至2010年，中国自美国进口的高技术产品比重从18.3%下降到7.1%。如果美国继续保持18.3%的市场份额，2010年对华出口将增加460亿美元。
到2020年，中国在集成电路、机床和民用航天等领域的进口需求将高达6000多亿美元，其中有大量产品受限于美国出口管制政策。如果美国继续实施出口管制政策，很多美国企业将失去商机。
关于投资问题。近年来，越来越多的中国企业来美国投资，但中国对美国投资的增长速度仍有很大上升空间。2010年，中国企业对外投资达3170亿美元，其中对美国投资仅为50亿美元，占1.5%。
促进双向投资需要中美双方共同努力。中国将不断完善对外经贸合作法律法规，有效加强知识产权保护，并在自主创新、政府采购等方面一视同仁，一如既往地为所有赴华投资者创造良好、公平的投资环境。中国企业在赴美国投资时，需要熟悉美国的法律法规、投资环境和企业文化，以便作出正确的投资决定。
美方应采取积极措施为中国企业来美国投资提供开放、友善的环境，这将有利于促进美国经济发展和增加就业。对许多中国企业，包括完全根据市场规则独立运作的上市国有企业对美国的投资，应采取更加积极的态度。
第三，中美应进一步推进地方合作。
地方政府和相关机构是中美经贸关系的主体和主要受益者。过去10年，美国50个州中有47个州对华出口增幅达到三位甚至四位数的百分比。加强地方合作潜力巨大。
今年夏天，首届中美省州长论坛在美国犹他州盐湖城举行。双方签订了20多项合作协议，总金额超过30亿美元。上个月，第二届论坛在北京举行，双方进一步签订了多项合作协议与谅解备忘录。双方应充分利用中美省州长论坛等地方合作机制，进一步推进中美地方经贸合作。
女士们、先生们：
中美经贸关系规模大、发展快，出现一些问题是正常的，关键是要妥善处理。中美之间的经贸问题应通过中美战略经济对话、中美商贸联委会等对话与磋商机制加以解决。
中美之间确实存在贸易不平衡问题，但两国贸易不平衡不是人民币汇率造成的，而是中美贸易投资的结构性差异、两国消费和储蓄模式的不同以及国际产业分工和转移等多种因素综合作用的结果。事实上，自2005 年7月以来，人民币对美元已累计升值30%。而2005年至2011年，美国的失业率由5.1%上升至9.1%。这充分证明，人民币升值无助于降低美国的失业率。
需要强调的是，目前中国对全球贸易总体趋向平衡，顺差逐年、逐月减少。今年1至10月，中国的进口增幅比出口增幅高出5个百分点，贸易顺差减少了16%；同期中国贸易顺差占GDP的比重不到1.4%，即便加上资本项目的流入，经常项目顺差占GDP比重也不到3%，大大低于去年同期的5.1%。总的看，中国的贸易基本是平衡的，国际收支处于合理区位。
实践证明，实行以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度，符合中国国情，也有利于国际经济金融的稳定与发展。我们将继续按照主动性、渐进性、可控性原则，稳步推进人民币汇率形成机制改革，增强人民币汇率灵活性。
我们认为，推动立法不是解决汇率问题的正确途径。采取保护主义措施只会把中美两国推向“贸易战”边缘。在当前世界经济增长缓慢、国际金融环境不稳定的背景下，中美两国尤其要避免发生“贸易战”。
中美两国在许多重大地区和全球性问题上保持有效沟通与合作。从传统的安全与发展领域到反恐、防扩散、应对气候变化、能源、环境保护等新兴领域，从应对国际金融危机、推动世界经济复苏到实现联合国千年发展目标，中美合作的领域几乎无处不在。
在过去几十年中，中国虽然取得了举世瞩目的成就，但仍是一个发展中国家。尽管中国已成为世界第二大经济体，但就经济总量而言，中国更接近世界第三大经济体而非第一大经济体。2010年，中国国内生产总值为美国的40%，人均国内生产总值是美国的十分之一。中国实现现代化，还有很长的路要走，仍面临许多困难和严峻的挑战。
中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路。中国将继续坚持改革开放，致力于确保平衡、可持续增长，提高中国人民生活水平，保障中国人民的各项基本权利。
历史已经并将继续证明，中国的和平发展是机遇，而不是威胁。中国的和平发展不仅给中国人民带来了实实在在的利益，已经并将继续为世界各国人民的福祉作出积极贡献。
中美两国经济总量约占世界的三分之一，人口之和占世界人口总数的四分之一，贸易总额占世界的五分之一。在全球化时代，在两国联系日益紧密的情况下，两国可以被视作是一个 “利益共同体”，休戚与共。
新的形势需要新的思维。固守冷战思维只会将中美关系拖向对抗与冲突。摒弃固有思维，从战略高度和长远角度看待中美关系，至关重要。
中美关系不是，也不应成为“零和游戏”。如果中美两国能作为伙伴开展合作，双方都将从中受益。我们可以共同开创世界上最大的发展中国家和世界上最大的发达国家和平共存、共同繁荣的新型模式。
谢谢大家。
Speech by Ambaador Zhang Yesui at the China General Chamber of Commerce –
U.S.A.Annual Gala
2011/11/18
Distinguished guests, Ladies and Gentlemen，It’s a great honour and privilege to speak at the first annual event to celebrate the 6th anniversary of the China General Chamber of Commerce – U.S.A.Since its founding in 2005, the General Chamber has fulfilled its miion to serve its members and to serve as a bridge between Chinese and American busine communities.I want to congratulate the General Chamber for its good work and its contribution in advancing trade and economic ties between China and the United States.This year marks the 40th anniversary of the reopening of relations between China and the United States.In the last four decades, despite ups and downs, with the shared commitment and joint efforts from the leadership, governments and people of all walks of life in both countries, China-US relationship has surged ahead and has come a long way.Today, China-US relationship has become one of the most important and dynamic relationships in the world.A prominent feature of today’s China-US relations is the interconnectedne between our two economies.We are now each other’s second largest trade partner.Last year, our bilateral trade reached 385 billion US dollars.China has been the third largest and the fastest growing export market for the US.Over the past decade, US exports to China increased by 468%, while its exports to other countries increased only by 55%.The US continues to be the No.1 source of foreign direct investment for China, and China has become the biggest foreign creditor for the US.China-US busine ties have brought tangible benefits to the peoples in both countries.It is estimated that between 2001 and 2007 alone, US export to China brought about 2.5 million new jobs to the US.According to a Morgan Stanley report, 4-8 million US jobs are closely aociated with China-US trade.For example, in 2010, the US toys retail sector employed about 140,000 people.Among this, about 120,000 jobs are created by imports from China.Chinese high quality yet inexpensive commodities saved a lot of money for American consumers, over 600 billion dollars in the past 10 years.One study shows that trade with China has boosted economic growth and lowered inflation rate for the US.This means an increase of around 1,000 dollars in real disposable income for every US household each year.In January this year, President Hu Jintao paid a succeful state visit to the United States.Among the many results that came out of the visit, the most meaningful was the shared commitment that President Hu and President Barack Obama have made in the Joint Statement, that the two sides will work together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.The two presidents also recognized the vital importance of building a comprehensive and mutually beneficial economic partnership.This has laid the groundwork, and it depends on both sides to work together to make it happen.In my view, as we build this economic partnership, we should focus on the following three priorities:
First, as the two largest economies in the world, we should work together to promote world economic recovery and global financial stability.Currently, both China and the United States are undertaking maive efforts to restructure our economies.The core of China’s 12th Five-Year Plan is to transform the mode of economic development and expand domestic consumption.The US is also striving to jumpstart its economy through revitalizing American manufacturing, strengthening infrastructure and expanding export.It is in our common interest to continue to support each other’s economic restructuring.Our two countries have had productive consultation and coordination within the framework of G20 in coping with the financial crisis since 2008.We have worked closely at the G20 Summit in Cannes and the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Hawaii to promote world economic recovery and growth and international financial stability.Second, I see great potential in advancing mutual trade and investment.China is now intensifying efforts to expand domestic demand, so that the economy will be driven by consumption, investment and export in a more balanced way.In the next 5 years, consumption in China will be growing at a fairly fast pace, and the total import is expected to reach more than 8 trillion US dollars.This will provide further opportunities to farmers, manufacturers, and workers in the US and other parts of the world.Currently, US export to China only accounts for le than 7% in China’s total import.This is not compatible with the status of the overall bilateral relationship and China’s demand for import.The question is: To what extent is the US ready to fully utilize the potential Chinese market?
One related iue is the need to ease control of high-tech products to China.The proportion of US high-tech products in China’s overall high-tech import has been declining considerably, from 18.3% in 2001 to just 7.1% in 2010.If the US had been able to maintain its 18.3% share in 2010, it would have meant an increase of 46 billion dollars of its export to China.By 2020, China will have a 600 billion US dollars market for civil aviation, integrated circuit, machine tools and other products.Most of these products fall under the export control regime.If current practices continue, many US businees will see opportunities easily lost.As far as investment is concerned, there is a growing interest among Chinese investors to come and invest in the US, but Chinese investment in the US is not growing as fast as it should.Among the 317 billion US dollars that Chinese companies have invested abroad by the end of 2010, only about 5 billion, or 1.5%, was made in the US.It requires joint efforts from both sides to enhance mutual investment.We have worked, and will be working to improve our legal framework, strengthen IPR protection, and provide a favorable and level playing field for foreign businees in terms of indigenous innovation and government procurement.On the part of Chinese investors, they need to know more about US laws, regulations, investment environment and corporate culture in order to make the right investment decisions.It is important that the US side takes similar steps to provide an open and friendly environment for Chinese investment which can contribute to the US economy and employment.Investment coming from China, including those from the state owned enterprises which are public listed companies and operating under market rules, should be viewed in a more positive light.Third, we need to further enhance sub-national cooperation.Local communities are the main players and beneficiaries in China-US economic and trade relations.In the past decade, 47 out of 50 states in the US have seen a three digit, in some cases even 4 digit growth in their export to China.There is great potential for sub-national cooperation.This summer, when the first China-US Governors Forum was held in Salt Lake City, the two sides signed over 20 cooperation agreements, with a total value of 3 billion US dollars.The second Forum was held in Beijing last month, with more agreements and MOUs signed between the two sides.We should make good use of the Forum and other sub-national mechanisms to promote economic and trade cooperation.Our economic and trade relationship is so big and expanding so fast that it is only normal to have problems.These economic problems should be addreed as economic problems through such dialogue and consultation mechanisms as the Strategic and Economic Dialogue and the Joint Commiion on Commerce and Trade.We recognize that there is trade imbalance between China and the United States.The trade imbalance is caused by a combination of factors, including the structural trade and investment differences, divergent patterns of saving and consumption, and the international division of labor, rather than an iue of the RMB exchange rate.In fact, the RMB has appreciated by nearly 30% since July 2005.However, between 2005 and 2011, the US unemployment rate increased from 5.1% to 9%.This proves that RMB appreciation alone will not help to reduce the unemployment rate in the US.It is also important to know that China’s trade with the rest of the world is moving toward greater balance.China’s trade surplus is declining on a yearly, even monthly basis.Between January and October this year, China’s imports grew by 5 percentage points faster than exports, and China’s trade surplus was down by 16%.In the same period, the trade surplus accounted for le than 1.4% of China's total GDP.Even if the inflow of the capital account is included, China’s current account surplus is le than 3% of the GDP, much lower than 5.1% in the same period last year.In general, China’s trade is basically balanced, and China’s balance of international payment is within a reasonable range.Facts have shown that the managed floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies is in line with China’s realities, and is conducive to international economic and financial stability and development.We will continue to progreively promote the reform of the RMB exchange rate regime, and make the exchange rate more flexible in a self-initiated, gradual and controllable manner.We do not believe that legislation is the appropriate mechanism by which to addre the currency iue.Because to invoke protectionist measures will only push China and the US toward the brink of a “trade war,” which is exactly what we should avoid when confronted with a sluggish world economy and international financial instability.China and the US are working closely on many important regional and global iues, from traditional security and development areas to newly emerged iues such as anti-terrorism, non-proliferation, climate change, energy and environmental protection;from addreing the global financial crisis and facilitating world economic recovery to the realization of the UN Millennium Development Goals.While it is true that China has achieved remarkable growth in the past decades, it is still a developing country.Although China’s economy is now the second largest in the world, it is far closer to the third than to the first.Our GDP is just over 40% of that of the United States, and per capita GDP is 1/10 of that of the United States.There is clearly a long way to go, and there are enormous challenges and problems ahead.China has taken the path of peaceful development, and will remain committed to it.We will stick to the reform and opening up policy and continue to work hard to ensure a balanced and sustained growth and to improve the living standards and basic rights of the Chinese people.What has happened has proved and will continue to prove that China’s peaceful development is an opportunity, not a threat.It not only brings real benefits to the Chinese people, but also contributes to the welfare of the people of the rest of the world.Together, China and the United States account for about one third of the world economy, one quarter of the world population and one-fifth of international trade.In this era of globalization, and given the size and the degree of interconnectedne of the two countries, China and the US can be regarded as a community of interests.The succe of one relies greatly on the succe of the other.Such new realities require new thinking.If people continue to look at each other with the cold war mindset, China and the United States will be drawn into confrontation and conflict.It is imperative to shift from the old way of thinking and frame China-US relations from a strategic and long-term perspective.China-US relationship is not and should not be a zero-sum game relationship.If we work together as true partners, we can both emerge as winners.We can create a new model of relationship between the biggest developing country and the biggest developed country to peacefully co-exist and prosper together.Thank you.
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