高考英语阅读理解基础练习题(43)（优秀）_高考英语练习题推荐
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2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习题（43）及答案
阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务
(2010年江苏卷)Usually，when your teacher asks a question，there is only one correct answer.But there is one question that has millions of correct answers.That question is “What's your name？” Everyone gives a different answer，but everyone is correct.Have you ever wondered about people's names？Where do they come from？What do they mean? People's first names，or given names，are chosen by their parents.Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used.Some parents choose the name of a wellknown person.A boy could be named George Washington Smith；a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good things.Clara means “bright”；Beatrice means “one who gives happine”；Donald means “world ruler”；Leonard means “as brave as a lion”．
The earliest last names，or surnames，were taken from place names.A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long，paved road.The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from people's occupations.The most common occupational name is Smith，which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals.In the past，smiths were very important workers in every town and village.Some other occupational names are：Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart；Potter—a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village.The Carpenter's greatgreatgreatgrandfather probably built houses and furniture.Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin，or their size，or their special abilities.When there were two men who were named John in the same village，the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray.Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman.John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name.Englishspeaking people added s or son.The Johnsons are descendants of John；the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert.Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc
Ⅱ【部分】
1．B 2．解析：从Potter答案：C 3．解析：从Donald答案：D 4．解析：词义推测题。由Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name.Englishspeaking people addedsson答案：A
阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Six years ago, I walked into a local animal shelter on a cold, rainy day.Although my house was already full of cats and dogs, I still couldn’t resist an occasional visit to the shelter.This time as I was walking down the row of pens full of barking dogs I noticed a small boy looking into one of them.He had a malnourished（营养不良的）looking body and a bony face with a big nose sticking out of the middle of it.He was looking at a small, golden dog.Its bony ribs were showing and its thin tail was folded between its legs.It wasn’t begging for attention like the other puppies but was hiding in the corner instead.The boy looked up at me with sad eyes and asked what was wrong with it.“It was probably abused and abandoned”, I said.“That is why it is so scared.”
The boy immediately turned to an older lady and said, “Grandma, I want this one.” The old woman smiled and walked to the front desk to fill out the adoption forms.I followed and asked about the boy.I found out that he’d had a rough start in life too.She had just gotten custody（监护权）of him after the state had taken him from his parents.She had hoped getting a dog would make it easier on him.I looked back at him, holding his scared puppy, and said a prayer for them both.It was yesterday.I was driving down the road enjoying a gloriously sunny, spring day.Then in a green front yard I saw the boy.His teenage body was tall and strong.His nose no longer seemed big but fit well into his smiling face.He was throwing
B.he could play balls with it C.he could forget about his parents D.the dog could be taken good care of 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据She had hoped getting a dog would make it easier on him.她让小男孩领养一只狗以便让他的生活过得更加轻松，故选A。30.What can we learn from the last paragraph ? A.The author is a kind-hearted old man.B.The boy’s nose has become smaller than before.C.The author enjoys watching people playing with dogs.D.Both the boy and the dog are growing healthily and happily.【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据It had saved a dog’s life, healed his own heart,小狗和小男孩都幸福滴健康地成长，故选D。
阅读理解 专题训练(一)
阅读中的猜词技巧(2)------定义释义法
◆ 方法点拨
释义指对陌生词的解释(解释性描述)，一般通过定义、定语从句、词组、同位语从句来体现。其表现形式为：用that is，in other words，or，mean，be called，refer to或连系动词to be等定义或重述形式来解释生词。如∶
[例题1]：Anthropology is the scientific study of man.[例题2]The_herdsman，who looks after sheep，earns about 650 yuan a year.[解析1]从解释 the scientific study of man可知anthropology的意思是 “人类学”。[解析2]定语从句中looks after sheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“牧人”。◆ 活学活用
(一)利用上述方法，猜出下列各句划线词的意思
1．Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.2．They need to make their income meet the cost of living，so many people plan a family budget.A budget is a list of monthly expenses.6
B.Her life was well-planned.C.She didn’t have to worry about the future.D.She had to worry about her dinner 【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Until last summer I had a very comfortable life因为父母已经给作者安排好了一切，故选B。
32.We can learn from the second paragraph that _______________.A.the author raised some rabbits as pets B.the author took part in a two-week program in Africa C.the author had a very difficult life in the “Tribal Village” D.the author never thought about poor people after the program 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据We lived in a “Tribal Village,” in a hot, dry open graland in Arkansas, a state of the south-central United States.作者在Tribal Village过着非常艰难的一段时间，故选C。
33.The author feel pain because ____________.A.she is a privileged child B.she is not getting enough to eat C.she doesn’t want to kill the rabbits D.she can’t go back to her regular life 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据it’s time to decide whether or not to kill the rabbits.I feel pain but it’s a privileged child’s pain because I know I will soon be eating again.因为作者不想杀死这些兔子，故选C。
34.What does the underlined word “simulation” in the fourth paragraph probably mean? A.Reality B.Experience C.Imagination D.Imitation 【答案】D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二自然段的内容可知作者是在Tribal Village体验生活，所以即使这种生活是一种仿制的（Imitation），但是也改变了作者，故选D。-
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