英语演讲选修课chapter 2 topic_英语演讲选修课
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chapter 2 topic
Selecting a topic
Speeches outside the claroom
the occasion, the audience, the speaker’s qualifications
Speeches in the public speaking cla
no designated topic
What is a suitable speech topic?
Worthwhile
Appropriate
Limited in scope
Suitable topic
Worthwhile
significant implications for the audience
Appropriate
know a lot, like to learn more
Limited in scope
dividing the topic into several significant parts. General purpose: the broad goal 总体目标
To inform: convey information
enhance the knowledge and understanding
To persuade: advocate or partisan
Change or structure the attitudes or actions
Difference: explain orexhort
Specific purpose 具体目标
to inform my audience about…
to persuade my audience to …
Explain ←→ exhort
Specific Purpose
Specific purpose:(single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to
accomplish in his or her speech.).简单的肯定句
Topic:Emergencies
General purpose: To inform
Specific purpose: To inform my audience of the major steps in responding to an
emergency
Tips for formulating the specific purpose statement
Tip 1:Write the purpose statement as a full infinitive phrase(完整的短语）, not as a fragment（片段）
Tip 2
Expre your purpose as a statement, not as a question陈述句
Tip 3Avoid figurative language比喻语言
Tip 4 Limit your purpose statement to one distinct idea, or one main point
Tip 5
Make sure your specific purpose is not too vague or general
Phrasing the central idea
(Also called thesis statement,subject sentence, major thought)
What is the central idea?
Guidelines for the central idea
What is the central idea?
A one-sentence statement that sums up the major ideas of a speech.It is what you want
the audience to absorb from your speech. In persuasive speeches
arguable, debatable, take your stance
In informative speeches
relatively neutral and objective
The specific purpose of a speech is what you hope to accomplish. The central idea is a concise statement of what you expect to say.
Guidelines for the central idea
The central idea
1.Should be expreed in a full sentence
2.should not be in the form of a question.3.should avoid figurative language
4.should not be vague or overly general
Summary
Selecting a topic
Determining your general purpose
Determining your specific purpose
Phrasing your central idea
Four brainstorming procedures
Make a quick inventory of your hobbies, interests, skills, experiences, beliefs, and so
forth. Use the technique of clustering and write down on a sheet of paper the first topics that
come to mind in several categories. Look through a reference work for ideas
Use a World Wide Web subject directory such as Yahoo to help you scan poible topic.
